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Visas for U.S. citizens traveling abroad

If you are a U.S. citizen planning to travel abroad, you may need a visa to enter a foreign country. Learn how to find your destination's visa requirements.

While not all countries require visas for American travelers, many do. Look up your destination using the U.S. State Department's Learn About Your Destination search tool . On the country’s information page, you will find entry, exit, and visa requirements. You will also find travel advisories and a link to the country’s embassy.

LAST UPDATED: December 6, 2023

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Applying For A Us Travel Visa: A Step-By-Step Guide

• Last updated May 02, 2024
• Difficulty Beginner

• Category Travel

Planning a trip to the United States? Whether you're dreaming of exploring the stunning beaches of California, the iconic landmarks of New York City, or the beautiful national parks scattered across the country, you'll need to navigate the process of obtaining a US travel visa. But fear not! In this step-by-step guide, we'll walk you through the application process, provide tips for a successful interview, and ensure that your journey to America is as smooth as possible. So get ready to pack your bags, because your American adventure awaits!

What You'll Learn

Understanding the us travel visa process, gathering necessary documents for your travel visa application, submitting your application to the us embassy or consulate, following up and preparing for the us travel visa interview.

If you are planning to visit the United States for tourism, business, or any other non-immigrant reason, you would need to apply for a US travel visa. Understanding the US travel visa process is essential to ensure a smooth experience and increase your chances of approval. Here are the steps involved in applying for a US travel visa:

Determine the Type of Visa:

The first step is to determine the type of visa you need based on the purpose of your visit. The most common types of US travel visas include B-1 (business), B-2 (tourism), or a combination of both (B-1/B-2). Other visa categories include student visas (F-1), work visas (H-1B), and exchange visitor visas (J-1), among others.

Complete the DS-160 Form:

The next step is to complete the DS-160 form online. This form is available on the Department of State's website and collects personal information, travel details, and purpose of your visit. Make sure to carefully review and double-check all the information before submitting the form.

Pay the Application Fee:

After submitting the DS-160 form, you need to pay the non-refundable application fee. The fee amount depends on the type of visa you are applying for and is subject to change. Keep the payment receipt as you would need it for scheduling your visa interview.

Schedule a Visa Interview:

Once you have paid the application fee, you can schedule a visa interview appointment at the nearest US embassy or consulate. The availability of appointments can vary, so it is recommended to schedule your interview well in advance. Be prepared to provide your passport number and the receipt number from the payment of the application fee when scheduling the interview.

Prepare the Required Documents:

Before the interview, gather all the required documents based on the visa type you are applying for. Common documents include:

• Valid passport.
• DS-160 confirmation page.
• Visa application fee payment receipt.
• Passport-sized photograph.
• Proof of ties to your home country, such as property ownership, employment, or family.
• Travel itinerary and accommodation details.
• Letter of invitation (if applicable).
• Any additional documents specific to your visa category.

Attend the Visa Interview:

On the day of the interview, arrive at the embassy or consulate on time and bring all your documents. The consular officer will ask you questions regarding your travel plans, the purpose of your visit, and your ties to your home country. Answer the questions truthfully and clearly.

Wait for Visa Processing:

After the interview, the consular officer will inform you if your visa is approved, denied, or if further processing is required. If your visa is approved, your passport will be returned to you with the visa sticker. The processing time can vary, but you can check the status of your visa application on the Department of State's website using the unique barcode number on your DS-160 confirmation page.

Enter the United States:

Once you receive your visa, you can travel to the United States within the validity period mentioned on the visa. Upon arrival, the Customs and Border Protection officer will determine the duration of your stay in the US based on the visa category and purpose of your visit. Make sure to carry all the necessary documents with you for a smooth entry.

It is important to note that meeting the requirements and following the correct procedures does not guarantee a visa approval. Each application is carefully reviewed, and the decision lies solely with the consular officer. Therefore, it is advisable to apply well in advance, gather all necessary documents, and be prepared for the visa interview.

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If you are planning to visit the United States, it is important to understand the visa application process and gather all the necessary documents to support your application. The United States requires visitors from certain countries to obtain a travel visa before entering the country. Here are the steps you can take to gather the necessary documents for your travel visa application:

Determine the type of visa you need:

• The type of visa you need will depend on your purpose of travel. Common types of visas for temporary visits include B1 (business) and B2 (tourism). There are also specific visas for students, workers, and exchange visitors.
• Visit the U.S. Department of State website to determine which visa category you fall under and learn more about the specific requirements for that visa type.

Complete the online nonimmigrant visa application (Form DS-160):

• The DS-160 is an online form that collects your personal information, details about your trip, and other relevant information.
• Fill out the form accurately and completely, as any incorrect or incomplete information may result in delays or denial of your visa application.

Pay the visa application fee:

• The visa application fee must be paid before your interview. The fee amount varies depending on the type of visa you are applying for.
• You can pay the fee online using a credit card or through other approved payment methods, as specified on the U.S. Department of State website.

Schedule your visa appointment:

• After paying the visa application fee, you can schedule an appointment at the U.S. Embassy or Consulate in your home country.
• Visit the embassy or consulate's website to find out the available appointment dates and times.
• It is recommended to schedule your appointment well in advance, as appointment availability may vary.

Gather the required documents:

• Each visa category has specific document requirements, so it is crucial to review the U.S. Department of State website for your specific visa type.
• Some common documents required for a travel visa application include a valid passport, a passport-sized photo, the DS-160 confirmation page, proof of financial capability to cover your expenses, and evidence of your ties to your home country.
• Other supporting documents may include a letter of invitation, a detailed itinerary of your trip, and proof of accommodation arrangements.

Attend the visa interview:

• On the day of your appointment, arrive at the embassy or consulate on time and prepared.
• Carry all the required documents in an organized manner, making it easier to present them if requested.
• The consular officer will interview you and ask questions about your trip, purpose of visit, and ties to your home country.
• Be honest and provide clear and concise answers to their questions.

Wait for the visa decision:

• Following your interview, the consular officer will decide whether to grant or deny your visa.
• The decision will typically be communicated to you at the end of the interview or through a notification sent to you later.
• If your visa is approved, your passport will be returned to you with the visa affixed to one of its pages.

It is important to note that the visa application process and required documents may vary depending on your country of residence and the visa category you are applying for. Therefore, it is best to consult the U.S. Department of State website or reach out to the embassy or consulate for the most accurate and up-to-date information. Gathering all the necessary documents and following the application process carefully will increase your chances of obtaining a travel visa to the United States.

The Complete Guide to Applying for a Travel Visa: Everything You Need to Know

Once you have gathered all the necessary documents and filled out the required forms, the next step in applying for a US travel visa is to submit your application to the US embassy or consulate.

Here's how you can go about submitting your application:

• Schedule an appointment: First and foremost, you need to schedule an appointment at the US embassy or consulate where you plan to submit your application. Visit the embassy or consulate's website and follow the instructions to schedule an appointment. It's important to note that appointments are often in high demand, so it's advisable to schedule one as early as possible.
• Pay the application fee: Before your appointment, you will need to pay the non-refundable application fee. The fee amount depends on the type of visa you are applying for, so make sure to check the current fees on the embassy or consulate's website. Keep in mind that the fee must be paid in advance before your appointment.
• Attend the appointment: On the day of your appointment, make sure to arrive early and bring all the required documents. Failure to present any necessary documents may result in your application being delayed or denied. At the appointment, you may be required to undergo an interview, provide biometric data (such as fingerprints), and answer questions about your trip and visa application.
• Submit your application: Once all the necessary procedures are followed, submit your application to the embassy or consulate. You will typically be provided with a receipt or confirmation number as proof of submission. Make sure to keep this for your records.
• Wait for processing: After submitting your application, you will need to wait for it to be processed. The processing time can vary depending on various factors, so it's best to check the embassy or consulate's website for estimated processing times. It's important to apply well in advance of your planned travel dates to allow for any unforeseen delays.
• Collect your passport: Once your application is processed, you will receive an update from the embassy or consulate regarding the status of your visa. If your application is approved, you will be instructed on how to collect your passport with the visa stamp. This step may require an additional appointment or can be done via courier service, depending on the embassy or consulate's procedures.

It's crucial to ensure that you follow the specific instructions provided by the US embassy or consulate where you are applying, as procedures and requirements can vary. Additionally, be honest, clear, and concise in your application and during your interview to increase your chances of obtaining the US travel visa.

How to Change a Travel Visa to a Marriage Visa

Once you have submitted your application and paid the necessary fees, the next step in the process of obtaining a US travel visa is to attend an interview at the US consulate or embassy in your country. This interview is a crucial step as it provides you with an opportunity to present your case and convince the consular officer that you are a genuine traveler with no intention of overstaying your visa.

To help you prepare for your interview and maximize your chances of success, here are some important things to keep in mind:

• Review your application: Before attending the interview, make sure to thoroughly review your visa application. Familiarize yourself with the information you have provided, as the consular officer may ask you questions based on what you have filled out.
• Gather supporting documents: Bring all the necessary supporting documents to the interview, including your passport, visa application confirmation page, payment receipt, DS-160 confirmation page, appointment letter, and any additional supporting documents that you think may strengthen your case. These documents can include proof of strong ties to your home country, such as property ownership, employment contracts, or family relationships.
• Dress appropriately: Dressing professionally and conservatively can help create a positive impression during your interview. Avoid wearing casual clothes or anything overly flashy. Remember, you want to convey that you are serious about your visit and respect the visa application process.
• Be punctual: Arrive at the consulate or embassy well before your scheduled interview time. Being punctual demonstrates your respect for the process and gives you time to calm your nerves before the interview.
• Be prepared to answer questions: During the interview, the consular officer will ask you a series of questions to assess your eligibility for a US travel visa. These questions can vary but may include inquiries about the purpose of your visit, your intended length of stay, your employment or educational status, and your financial ability to support yourself during your stay.
• Be honest and concise: Answer all questions truthfully and succinctly. Avoid providing excessive information or going off on tangents. Stick to the facts and be prepared to provide any requested documentation to support your answers.
• Provide additional clarification when necessary: If the consular officer is unsure about something in your application or has concerns, they may ask for additional clarification. It is important to remain calm and provide clear and concise explanations.
• Maintain a positive attitude: While it is natural to feel nervous during the interview, try to maintain a positive and friendly demeanor. This will help create a favorable impression and show the consular officer that you are a genuine and trustworthy traveler.
• Follow up if necessary: After the interview, if there are any additional documents or information the consular officer requests, make sure to provide them promptly. It is also advisable to follow up on the status of your visa application if you haven't received a decision within a reasonable timeframe.

Remember, the interview is a crucial step in the US travel visa application process, and proper preparation can greatly increase your chances of success. By reviewing your application, gathering supporting documents, dressing appropriately, being punctual, answering questions honestly and concisely, providing additional clarification when necessary, maintaining a positive attitude, and following up if necessary, you can present a strong case to the consular officer and increase your chances of obtaining a US travel visa.

Exploring the Nuances of Renewing a Travel Visa: What You Need to Know

Frequently asked questions.

To apply for a US travel visa, you need to complete the online Nonimmigrant Visa Application (DS-160) form, pay the application fee, schedule an interview at the US embassy or consulate in your home country, and gather the required supporting documents.

The required documents for a US travel visa application typically include a valid passport, a DS-160 confirmation page, a visa application fee receipt, a photo as per visa specifications, proof of travel purpose (such as travel itinerary or invitation letter), and evidence of strong ties to your home country.

The application fee for a US travel visa varies depending on the type of visa you are applying for. The fee can range from $160 to $270. Additionally, there may be additional fees for certain visa services, such as expedited processing or visa issuance fees.

The processing time for a US travel visa can vary depending on various factors such as the consulate or embassy you apply at, the time of year, and the complexity of your case. Generally, it can take anywhere from a few days to several weeks to receive a decision on your visa application.

Having a criminal record does not automatically disqualify you from obtaining a US travel visa. However, applicants with certain criminal convictions or those who pose a security risk may be denied a visa. Each case is assessed individually, so it is advised to consult with an immigration attorney for guidance if you have a criminal record.

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Passing Thru Travel

10 Visa and Passport Tips for Hassle-Free Travel 2024

Posted: March 12, 2024 | Last updated: March 12, 2024

Embarking on international travel demands meticulous planning, particularly in navigating the often complex landscape of visas and passports. This guide is your essential compendium, offering in-depth insights and strategic tips to streamline your travel documentation process. Tailored for novice and seasoned travelers, it ensures that your focus remains on the excitement of your journey rather than the nuances of bureaucracy.

1. Understanding Visa Types and Their Specific Requirements

Each visa type demands a unique set of documents and prerequisites. Tourist visas, generally the most straightforward, still require proof of return tickets, accommodation, and sometimes a detailed itinerary. Business visas may need an invitation from a host company, while student and work visas often have more stringent requirements, including proof of enrollment or employment.

Transit visas, overlooked yet crucial for certain layovers, must be considered to avoid unexpected detours. Begin your application process early, as embassies and consulates can take weeks, if not months, to process requests.

Insider’s Tip: Familiarize yourself with the different types of visas—tourist, business, transit, student, and work visas—and understand the specific requirements for each. This knowledge can significantly influence the success of your application and the smoothness of your travel plans.

2. Navigating Passport Validity and Blank Page Requirements

The overlooked detail of passport expiration can derail your travel plans. Regularly check your passport’s expiry date and renew it well in advance if necessary. Countries requiring a certain number of blank pages in your passport do so for immigration stamps. Falling short on this requirement can result in denied boarding or entry.

Keep in mind that renewal times can vary, and expedited services, while available, come with additional costs. This is a critical step in your travel preparation, so make it a priority in your planning stages.

Insider’s Tip: Ensure your passport has sufficient validity — many countries require it to be valid for at least six months beyond your travel date. Also, check for blank pages; some countries require a specific number for entry and exit stamps.

3. Visa Application: Timing and Documentation

Timing is everything in visa applications. Start gathering required documents—such as photographs, travel insurance, financial statements, and any necessary letters or invitations—as early as possible. Be aware of holidays and peak periods, as these can affect processing times.

Online visa applications have simplified the process for many countries, but always have hard copies of essential documents when traveling. A common pitfall is underestimating the time it takes for visa processing; each country has its own timeline, and it’s prudent to allow extra time for any unforeseen complications.

Insider’s Tip: Apply for your visa as soon as your travel dates are confirmed. Late applications can lead to stressful delays or, worse, trip cancellations.

4. Health and Vaccination Documentation

Health documentation is increasingly becoming a staple in international travel. Countries in Africa and South America, for instance, may require proof of Yellow Fever vaccination. COVID-19-related health documentation has also become a norm. Always carry a physical copy of your vaccination records and any other required health documents.

The World Health Organization (WHO) offers a standardized ‘Yellow Card’ that shows vaccination history and is recognized worldwide. Not adhering to these requirements can result in being denied entry, so it’s critical to understand and comply with these health mandates.

Insider’s Tip: Some countries require proof of vaccination against specific diseases. Keep a record of your vaccinations and check the health requirements of your destination country.

5. Understanding Visa Waiver Programs and e-Visas

Many countries have agreements allowing certain nation citizens to enter without a traditional visa. For instance, the Schengen Area in Europe allows travelers from certain countries to enter visa-free for short stays.

Similarly, e-Visas, available through online applications, offer a streamlined process for obtaining travel authorization. These digital visas save time and reduce paperwork but always confirm the specific entry requirements, as they can vary even within visa waiver programs.

Insider’s Tip: Check if the country you visit has a visa waiver program or offers e-Visas, as these can significantly simplify the travel process.

6. Dealing with Visa Denials and Appeals

A visa denial can be disheartening, but it’s not always the end of the road. Embassies usually provide reasons for denial, which you should address in subsequent applications. Some countries offer an appeal process, while others require you to wait a certain period before reapplying.

Understanding the specific protocol of the country you’re applying to is crucial. Ensure your reapplication or appeal addresses all the concerns raised initially. Sometimes, seeking the assistance of a visa consultant or an immigration lawyer can provide clarity and improve your chances in complex cases.

Insider’s Tip: In case of a visa denial, understand the reasons provided and the process for an appeal or reapplication, if applicable.

7. Passport Safety and Copies

Your passport is your most valuable document when traveling abroad. Keep it secure in a hotel safe or a secure, hidden compartment in your luggage. Having copies of your passport (the page with your personal information and any relevant visa pages) is crucial in emergencies.

Store a digital copy in a secure cloud service and email a copy to yourself and a trusted contact back home. In the unfortunate event of losing your passport, these copies will be instrumental in proving your identity and facilitating the replacement process at your embassy or consulate.

Insider’s Tip: Keep your passport safe at all times and carry physical and digital copies in case of loss or theft.

8. Cultural Sensitivity and Local Laws

Cultural awareness is a sign of respect and can affect your entry into a country. Some nations have strict dress codes or norms that, if not adhered to, can lead to issues at immigration. Familiarize yourself with these aspects to avoid unintentional offenses. Additionally, understanding local laws is crucial.

For example, countries in the Middle East have stringent drug laws, and carrying certain prescription medications without proper documentation can lead to serious legal troubles.

Insider’s Tip: Research your destination’s cultural norms and local laws, as these can sometimes impact visa and entry policies.

9. Travel Insurance and Visa Requirements

Travel insurance is often a visa requirement, especially for countries in the Schengen Area. This insurance should cover medical expenses, trip cancellations, lost luggage, and repatriation. Check the specific coverage requirements of your destination country and keep a copy of your insurance policy with your travel documents. Not only is it necessary for some visa applications, but it’s also a prudent safeguard against unforeseen events during your travels.

Insider’s Tip: Some countries require proof of travel insurance for visa issuance. Ensure your policy meets the minimum coverage requirements.

10. Consulate and Embassy Assistance

Embassies and consulates can assist with a range of issues — from lost passports to legal troubles. Before traveling, note the address and contact details of your country’s diplomatic missions in the destination country.

In case of an emergency, such as a lost or stolen passport, political unrest, or natural disasters, they can provide crucial support and guidance. It’s also wise to inform them of your travel plans, particularly if traveling to regions with heightened security risks.

Insider’s Tip: Know the location and contact details of your country’s embassy or consulate in your destination country. They can be invaluable in emergencies.

The Bottom Line

Successful and hassle-free travel hinges on your preparedness, especially regarding visas and passports. By following these tips, you’re paving the way for a journey of ease and enjoyment. Equip yourself with this knowledge, and step confidently into your next journey, knowing you’ve covered every essential detail.

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The post 10 Visa and Passport Tips for Hassle-Free Travel 2024 republished on Passing Thru with permission from The Green Voyage .

Featured Image Credit: Shutterstock / Eviart.

For transparency, this content was partly developed with AI assistance and carefully curated by an experienced editor to be informative and ensure accuracy.

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Travel Advisory July 26, 2023

Latvia - level 1: exercise normal precautions.

Reissued with obsolete COVID-19 page links removed. 

Exercise normal precautions in Latvia.

Read the country information page for additional information on travel to Latvia.

If you decide to travel to Latvia:

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program  ( STEP ) to receive travel alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Follow the Department of State on  Facebook  and  Twitter .
• Review the  Country Security Report  for Latvia.
• Visit the CDC page for the latest Travel Health Information related to your travel.
• Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the Traveler’s Checklist .

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Not required for stays less than 90 days within a six-month period

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Embassies and Consulates

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Samnera Velsa iela 1  Riga LV-1510 Latvia Telephone: +(371) 6710-7000 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: +(371) 6710-7000 or +(371) 2920-5708 Fax: +(371) 6710-7001 Email:   [email protected]

Destination Description

Learn about the U.S. relationship to countries around the world.

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

Visit the website the Embassy of Latvia in Washington for the most current visa information.

• If you plan to stay in Latvia more than 90 days, you must apply for temporary residence.
• A criminal records check from the United States, which can be requested through the  FBI , is required for a temporary residence permit. You must also submit proof of identity and a set of ink-rolled fingerprint impressions.
• The U.S. Embassy cannot take your fingerprints, but the Latvian State Criminal Police Department is able to provide this service at Bruninieku iela 72, Riga, tel: 371 6720-8662. For more information, contact  the Latvian Embassy  at 2306 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. 20008, tel: (202) 328-2840, fax: (202) 328-2860. 
• You should carry your passport when travelling to neighboring Baltic countries from Latvia – even on day trips – as random passport checks are possible.

Traveling Through Europe : If you are planning to visit or travel through European countries, you should be familiar with the requirements of the Schengen Agreement.

• Your passport should be valid for at least three months beyond the period of stay if you plan on transiting a Schengen country review our U.S. Travelers in Europe page .    
• You will need s ufficient proof of funds and a return plane ticket .  
• For additional information about visas for the Schengen area, see the Schengen Visa  page.

HIV/AIDS Restrictions : The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to or foreign residents of Latvia. Find information on  dual nationality ,  prevention of international child abduction  and  customs regulations on our websites.

Safety and Security

Terrorism: Credible information indicates terrorist groups continue plotting possible attacks in Europe. European governments are taking action to guard against terrorist attacks. However, all European countries remain potentially vulnerable to attacks from transnational terrorist organizations. 

For more information, see our Terrorism page.  

Crime: Crime against foreign visitors is generally non-violent in nature; however, violent assaults and robberies have occurred. Harassment of foreigners and same-sex partners has also occurred in Latvia.

• Be aware of your surroundings and take personal security measures to stay safe.
• The most common crimes encountered by foreign tourists are purse snatching, pick pocketing, and mugging, especially during the summer tourism season.
• Thieves have targeted foreign vistiors in Riga’s Old Town (Vecriga), Central Train Station (Dzelzcela stacija), Central Bus Station (Autoosta), and Central Market (Centraltirgus).
• Avoid walking alone or using ATMs after dark.
• There have been cases of visitors partying at bars and nightclubs in Riga who have been drugged and subsequently sexually assaulted.
• Be aware of other common scams in restaurants and tourist pubs. Pay special attention to drink prices, as they may rise to exorbitant levels for tourists. Management may use force to secure payment.
• Internet crime is increasing in Latvia.  Common schemes involve internet auction or job-search sites.

Demonstrations  occur frequently. They may take place in response to political or economic issues, on politically significant holidays, and during international events.  

• Even demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and possibly become violent. 
• Avoid areas around protests and demonstrations.  
• Check local media for updates and traffic advisories

Information regarding demonstrations in Latvia can be found on the U.S. Embassy Latvia website .

International Financial Scams : See the  Department of State  and the  FBI  pages for information on scams.

Victims of Crime : Report crimes to the local police at 112 and contact the U.S. Embassy at +(371) 6710-7000. Remember that local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting the crime.

See our webpage on  help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

• Help you find appropriate medical care
• Assist you in reporting a crime to the police
• Contact relatives or friends with your written consent
• Provide general information regarding the victim’s role during the local investigation and following its conclusion
• Provide a list of local attorneys
• Provide our information on  victim’s compensation programs in the United States.
• Assist you with a list of non-governmental organizations and centers providing a number of programs for victims of crime in Latvia.  Please see  our website  for more information.
• Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support in cases of destitution
• Help you find accommodation and arrange flights home
• Replace a stolen or lost passport

Domestic Violence:  U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence are encouraged to contact the local police at 112 and  the U.S. Embassy for assistance. Tourism:  The tourism industry is regulated and rules with regards to best practices and safety inspections are enforced. Hazardous areas/activities are identified with appropriate signage and professional staff is typically on hand in support of organized activities. In the event of an injury, appropriate medical treatment is available throughout the country. Outside of urban areas, it may take more time for first responders and medical professionals to provide assistance. U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance . 

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties: You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be arrested, imprisoned or deported. 

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on crimes against minors abroad and the Department of Justice website.

Arrest Notification:  If you are arrested or detained, ask police to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately. See our  webpage  for further information.

• Penalties for possessing, using, or trafficking in illegal drugs in Latvia are severe. You can expect long jail sentences and heavy fines.
• You can be jailed immediately for driving under the influence of alcohol.
• Your U.S. passport will not help you avoid arrest or prosecution.

Special Circumstances:  Latvia is part of the Eurozone and only euros are accepted.

• Bank and currency exchange counters may refuse to accept U.S. currency that is crumpled, torn, discolored, or defaced (even small pen strokes are considered defacing). If such notes are accepted for exchange, an additional processing fee, based on the size of the transaction, may be charged. Cashing personal and Treasury checks issued in the United States may be time-consuming and costly.
• ATMs are widely available in Riga and in major towns.  For security purposes, it is recommended that visitors use ATMs located inside major hotels or shopping malls.
• Telephone connections with the United States are reliable;  however, U.S. toll-free numbers cannot be accessed from Latvia. 

Customs:  Latvian customs authorities may enforce strict regulations concerning temporary importation into or export from Latvia of items such as firearms, religious materials, antiquities, medications, business equipment, drugs, etc.

Individuals establishing a business or practicing a profession that requires additional permits or licensing should seek information from the competent local authorities, prior to practicing or operating a business.

Contact  the Embassy of Latvia in Washington  or one of the  Latvian consulates  in the United States for specific information regarding customs requirements.

Counterfeit and Pirated Goods: Although counterfeit and pirated good are prevalent in many countries, they may still be illegal according to local laws. You may also pay fines and have to give them up if you bring them back from the United States.   See the U.S. Department of Justice website for more information. 

Faith-Based Travelers: See our following webpages for details:

• Faith-Based Travel Information
• International Religious Freedom Report – see country reports

LGBTI Travelers: There are no legal restrictions on same-sex sexual relations or the organization of LGBTI events in Latvia.

Credible non-governmental organizations report widespread intolerance and discrimination against LGBTI persons, as well as underreporting to authorities of attacks and discrimination against LGBTI individuals.

See our  LGBTI Travel Information  page and section 6 of the  Department of State's Human Rights Report  for further details.

Travelers Who Require Accessibility Assistance : While in Latvia, individuals with disabilities may find accessibility and accommodation very different than in the United States.

• The law prohibits discrimination against persons with disabilities in employment, education, access to health care, and other state services, and the government generally enforces these provisions. 
• The law mandates access to buildings for persons with disabilities; however, most buildings are not yet accessible. Although Latvia has made efforts to improve disabled access, only new and completely renovated hotels, guest houses, hostels, and public buildings provide suitable facilities for seriously disabled travelers. See our Traveling with Disabilities page.
• You may find general information on accessibility and accommodations on the website of the  Latvian Tourism Board .
• You will rarely find easy-access public transportation and taxis. Free or reduced fares on public transportation are available only to persons with disabilities who are Latvian residents.

Students: See our Students Abroad page and FBI travel tips .

Women Travelers: See our travel tips for Women Travelers .

The quality of medical care in Latvia continues to improve but often falls short of Western standards. Latvia has highly trained medical professionals, but hospitals and clinics suffer from a lack of equipment and resources. 

• Many doctors speak at least limited English.
• There are few private clinics in major cities that offer services equal to Western European or U.S. standards. 
• Western-quality dental care can be obtained in Riga.
• Payment is expected upon admission at private hospitals.

Prescription Medicines : Pharmaceuticals sold in Latvia are produced by companies certified in accordance with EU standards but may not be labeled the same as in the United States.

For general emergency services in Latvia, dial 112. For medical emergency services, dial 113.

Ambulance services are available in urban areas but not countrywide. Injured or seriously ill travelers may prefer to take a taxi or private vehicle to the nearest major hospital rather than wait for an ambulance in rural areas. 

We do not pay medical bills.  Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors in Latvia do not accept U.S. health insurance.

Medical Insurance:  Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas. Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments. See our webpage for more information on types of overseas insurance. Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

We strongly recommend supplemental insurance  to cover medical evacuation.

Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription. Check with the Latvian Medicines Register Medicinal Product Register of Latvia to ensure the medication is legal in Latvia.

General Health Information:

The following diseases are prevalent:

• Tuberculosis .
• Tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme-disease are widespread throughout the country.
• Use  CDC recommended insect repellents  containing either 20% DEET, picaridin, oil of lemon eucalyptus or IR3535 to help diminish bites from ticks and other insects if you intend to visit parks or forested areas. 
• Tick-borne encephalitis vaccinations are given as a series of three doses, and are not available in the United States. 
• There are no vaccines against Lyme disease.
• Hepatitis A is a significant health concern in Latvia. Hepatitis A vaccine is available in the US and is recommended for those with prolonged stays or travel in rural areas.

Vaccinations:  Be up-to-date on all vaccinations recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Further health information:

• World Health Organization
• U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)  

The U.S. Embassy maintains a list of doctors and hospitals Medical Resources . We do not endorse or recommend any specific medical provider or clinic.

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety:  While in Latvia, you may encounter road conditions that differ significantly from those in the United States.

• Latvia’s rate of automobile accidents and fatalities is one of the highest in Europe.
• If you plan to drive in Latvia, you are required to obtain an International Driving Permit. You may get these through the American Automobile Association (AAA) or the American Automobile Touring Alliance for a small fee.
• If you drive without an International Driving Permit, police could confiscate your vehicle.
• If you are resident in Latvia more than six months, you are required to apply for a Latvian driver’s license.
• Pedestrians and cyclists are required to wear small reflectors on clothing in Latvia whenever dark outside.

Traffic Laws:  Driving while intoxicated is a very serious offense and carries heavy penalties. Latvian authorities use roadblocks and breathalyzer tests as enforcement tools.

• You must use your headlights at all times. Speed limits are usually 50 km/hr (31 mph) in the city and 90 km/hr (55 mph) on highways.
• There are many mobile and fixed speed cameras deployed throughout the country.

Public Transportation:  Public transportation is considered safe, but travelers are encouraged to select well-marked taxis.

See our  Road Safety page  for more information.

Aviation Safety Oversight:  As there is no direct commercial air service to the United States by carriers registered in Latvia, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has not assessed the Government of Latvia’s Civil Aviation Authority for compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards. Further information may be found on the  FAA’s safety assessment page.

Maritime Travel:  Mariners planning travel to Latvia should check for U.S. maritime advisories and alerts at the  Maritime Security Communications with Industry Web Portal . Information may also be posted to the  U.S. Coast Guard homeport website  and as a broadcast warning on the  National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency’s website .

For additional travel information

• Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
• Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
• See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
• Follow us on  Twitter  and  Facebook .
• See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in Latvia . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA ) report.

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