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The Journey to the West, Revised Edition, Volume 1 (Volume 1)

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Wu Cheng'en

The Journey to the West, Revised Edition, Volume 1 (Volume 1) Paperback – Illustrated, December 21, 2012

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Anthony C. Yu’s translation of The Journey to the West ,initially published in 1983, introduced English-speaking audiences to the classic Chinese novel in its entirety for the first time. Written in the sixteenth century, The Journey to the West tells the story of the fourteen-year pilgrimage of the monk Xuanzang, one of China’s most famous religious heroes, and his three supernatural disciples, in search of Buddhist scriptures. Throughout his journey, Xuanzang fights demons who wish to eat him, communes with spirits, and traverses a land riddled with a multitude of obstacles, both real and fantastical. An adventure rich with danger and excitement, this seminal work of the Chinese literary canonis by turns allegory, satire, and fantasy.         With over a hundred chapters written in both prose and poetry, The Journey to the West has always been a complicated and difficult text to render in English while preserving the lyricism of its language and the content of its plot. But Yu has successfully taken on the task, and in this new edition he has made his translations even more accurate and accessible. The explanatory notes are updated and augmented, and Yu has added new material to his introduction, based on his original research as well as on the newest literary criticism and scholarship on Chinese religious traditions. He has also modernized the transliterations included in each volume, using the now-standard Hanyu Pinyin romanization system. Perhaps most important, Yu has made changes to the translation itself in order to make it as precise as possible.          One of the great works of Chinese literature, The Journey to the West is not only invaluable to scholars of Eastern religion and literature, but, in Yu’s elegant rendering, also a delight for any reader.

  • Book 1 of 4 The Journey to the West Series
  • Print length 576 pages
  • Language English
  • Publisher University of Chicago Press
  • Publication date December 21, 2012
  • Dimensions 6 x 1.4 x 9 inches
  • ISBN-10 022681680X
  • ISBN-13 978-0226816807
  • See all details

All the Little Raindrops: A Novel

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About the author.

Anthony C. Yu is the Carl Darling Buck Distinguished Service Professor Emeritus in Humanities and Professor, The Divinity School, Departments of East Asian Languages and Civilizations, English Language and Literature, Comparative Literature, and the Committee on Social Thought, The University of Chicago.

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ University of Chicago Press; Revised edition (December 21, 2012)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 576 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 022681680X
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0226816807
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.68 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6 x 1.4 x 9 inches
  • #6 in Religious Literature & Fiction
  • #11 in Fiction Satire

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journey to the west book

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Customers find the book wonderful and capable in many ways. They also say the humor is good and the story is enticing. Opinions are mixed on the writing style, with some finding it fascinating and perfect for beginners, while others find it unreadable and long.

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Customers find the book wonderful, and say it improves with every reading. They also say the poetry lightens the reading, and the characters are capable in many ways.

"...to the Chinese original as can be hoped, and yet reads as sprightly and as uproariously as though it were, in fact, the original...." Read more

"... It's a must read ." Read more

"...if you don’t have good knowledge on Chinese culture, but the book itself is great !" Read more

"...His loyalty to the Monk never feels solidified, however he seems to function perfectly well under the critical tutelage of the Monkey King and the..." Read more

Customers find the story enticing, unique, and incredible. They also say the book adds a modern-time perspective to an ancient story.

"...These additions admirably fill out the narrative and setting delivered to us so seamlessly by Yu...." Read more

"...The book adds a unique , modern-time perspective to this ancient story." Read more

"I am only halfway through this book and I love it. The story is so enticing that I don't want to put the book down...." Read more

"...The intro is very long-winded but informative . Unfortunately it lasts the first 100 pages, has only 25 chapters, and the rest are notes after that." Read more

Customers find the book entertaining and a good laugh.

"...courage, wisdom, practicality, and, on the top of everything, a great sense of humor ...." Read more

"...To my surprise, it appears to have been intended to be fun , and, despite the intervening centuries, I often found it such...." Read more

"... It's a good laugh ." Read more

"A comprehensive and entertaining take on a Chinese classic :-)" Read more

Customers are mixed about the writing style. Some find the notes fascinating and the translation great. They also say the introduction is helpful and the book is an insanely important piece of Chinese literature that continues to be relevant. However, others find it unreadable, archaic, and boring. They say the electronic presentation is inadequate.

"...So Yu's translation is copiously endnoted, and these notes are full of fascinating material on the religious and philosophical environment in which..." Read more

"...long journey to the west is, but it’s such an insanely important piece of Chinese literature that continues to be relevant in the modern day I..." Read more

"...He is the most benevolent, spiritually pure individual imaginable who is singularly driven by his unshakable convictions and principled Buddhist mind..." Read more

"It’s a fun read! The introduction is very dense and almost impossible to understand if you don’t have good knowledge on Chinese culture, but the..." Read more

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‘Journey to the West’: Why the classic Chinese novel’s mischievous monkey – and his very human quest – has inspired centuries of adaptations

journey to the west book

Associate Professor of Chinese Studies , College of the Holy Cross

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Ji Hao does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

College of the Holy Cross provides funding as a member of The Conversation US.

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Two rows of performers in neon costumes on stage in front of a huge, blue statue of the Buddha.

One summer afternoon in the late 1980s, my mother and I passed by a tea house on our trip out of town. The crowded building was usually a boisterous place filled with chatter, laughter, and the happy, clacking shuffle of mahjong tiles. At the moment we were passing, however, a great hush came over the teahouse: People were held spellbound by the black-and-white glow of a small TV in a corner, playing an episode of the series “Journey to the West.”

The TV series was adapted from a 16th century Chinese novel with the same title that has undergone numerous adaptations and has captured the imagination of Chinese people to this day. Like many kids in China, I was fascinated by the magic Monkey King, the beloved superhero in the novel, who went through amazing adventures with other pilgrims in their quest for Buddhist scriptures. While I had to quickly walk by the teahouse in order to catch our bus that day, this moment flashed back to me from time to time, making me wonder what made “Journey to the West” so fascinating for people of all ages and backgrounds.

After graduating from college, I embarked on the next chapter of my academic journey in the United States and reconnected with “Journey to the West” from a different perspective. Now, as a scholar with expertise in traditional Chinese literature , I am interested in the development of literary and cultural traditions around the story, including how it has been translated and reimagined by many artists .

A dozen children in bright gold costumes and red face paint pose in a dance formation.

While deeply enmeshed in Chinese traditions, the story also resonates with readers from diverse cultures. “Journey to the West” creates shared ground by highlighting the quest for a common humanity, epitomized by its best-loved character, the Monkey King – a symbol of the human mind.

One journey, many stories

Scholars usually trace the beginning of this literary tradition to a Buddhist monk, Xuanzang , who set out on an epic pilgrimage to India in 627 C.E. He was determined to consult and bring back Sanskrit copies of Buddhist scriptures, rather than rely on previous Chinese translations. He did so after nearly 17 years and devoted the rest of his life to translating the scriptures.

A detail from a Chinese scroll painting of a man with short hair in a green robe and sandals.

The journey has inspired a wide variety of representations in literature, art and religion, making a lasting impact on Chinese culture and society. Legends began to emerge during Xuanzang’s lifetime. Over centuries, they gradually evolved into a distinct tradition of storytelling, often focused on how Xuanzang overcame obstacles with the help of supernatural companions.

This culminated in a 16th century Chinese novel, “Journey to the West.” By this point, the hero of the story had already shifted from Xuanzang to one of his disciples: the Monkey King of Flower-Fruit Mountain, who serves as Xuanzang’s protector. The Monkey King possesses strong magical powers – transforming himself, cloning himself and even performing somersaults that fly him more than 30,000 miles at once.

Despite this novel’s dominance, the broader tradition around “Journey to the West” encompasses a wide variety of stories in diverse forms. The canonic novel itself grew out of this collective effort, and its authorship is still debated – even as it continues to inspire new adaptations.

The deeper journey

Central to all Journey to the West stories is a theme of pilgrimage, which immediately raises a question regarding the nature of the novel: What is the journey really about?

Centuries-long debates about the journey’s deeper message center on the 16th century novel. Traditional commentators in late imperial China adopted a variety of approaches to the novel and underscored its connections with different religious and philosophical doctrines: Confucianism, Daoism, Buddhism and syntheses of those teachings.

For example, all these teachings highlight the role of the “xin” – a Chinese word for mind and heart – in self-cultivation. While Confucian readers might see the plot of “Journey to the West” as the quest for a more moral life, Buddhists might decipher it as an inward journey toward enlightenment.

Four small, brightly painted clay figurines of people and animals in clothing.

In the early 20th century, Chinese scholar and diplomat Hu Shi criticized traditional allegorical interpretations, which he feared would make the novel seem less approachable for the general public.

His opinion influenced Arthur Waley’s “Monkey ,” an abridged English translation of “Journey to the West” published in 1942, which has contributed to the canonization of the novel abroad . To a considerable extent, “Monkey” turns the pilgrims’ journey into Monkey’s own journey of self-improvement and personal growth.

Recent scholarship has further underlined religious and ritual connotations of the novel from different perspectives, and debates over the issue continue. But few people would deny that one idea plays a crucial role: the Monkey King as a symbol of the mind.

Mind monkey

There has been a long tradition in Chinese culture that associates the image of a simian creature with the human mind. On the one hand, a monkey often symbolizes a restless mind, calling for discipline and cultivation. On the other hand, an active mind also opens up the opportunity to challenge the status quo and even transcend it, progressing to a higher state.

The Monkey King in the novel demonstrates this dual dimension of the mind . He vividly displays adaptability in exploring uncharted territories and adjusting to changing circumstances – and learning to rely on teamwork and self-discipline, not merely his magic powers.

A Japanese ink sketch of a monkey creating small, flying creatures out of his breath.

Before being sent on the pilgrimage, the Monkey King’s quest for self-gratification wreaked havoc in heaven and led to his imprisonment by the Buddha. The goddess Guanyin agreed to give him a second chance on the condition that he join the other pilgrims and assist them. His journey is fraught with the tensions between self-discipline and self-reliance, as he learns how to channel his physical and mental powers for good.

The Monkey King’s human qualities, from arrogance to fear, endow him with universal appeal. Readers gradually witness his self-improvement, revealing a common human quest. They may frown upon how the Monkey King is entrapped within his own ego, yet respect his courage in challenging authority and battling adversity. While his mischievous tricks give a good laugh, his loyalty to the monk Xuanzang and his sense of righteousness make a lasting impression.

Reviewing Waley’s “Monkey” in 1943 , Chinese-American writer Helena Kuo commented of the pilgrims: “Humanity would have missed a great deal if they have been exemplary characters.” Indeed, each one depicts humanity’s quest for a better self, particularly the main character. Monkeying around on the path of life, this simian companion captivates readers – and makes them consider their own journey.

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IMAGES

  1. The Journey to the West, Revised Edition, Volume 4, Yu

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  2. Journey to the West by Wu Cheng-en

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  3. The Journey to the West, Revised Edition, Volume 2, Yu

    journey to the west book

  4. Journey to the West

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  5. Journey to the West

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  6. The Journey to the West, Revised Edition, Volume 3, Yu

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  1. Journey West by Renee Schwab

  2. 'Journey to the West' Trailer

  3. Journey to the West depicts Journey to the West. Journey to the West depicts Journey to the West. P

  4. A Book Summary of The Journey to the West by Wu Chengen

  5. Journey to the West

  6. Journey to the West A Chinese Odyssey directed by Stephen Chow