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Bicycles were once blamed for making riders—especially women—crazy

The year was 1890, and a bicycle boom was underway. Its cause? The safety bicycle, a cheaper, more practical two-wheeled vehicle. This new design didn’t have the impractically big wheel of a penny farthing from the 1880s, or the bumpiness of a metal wheeled peddle-less hobby horse of the 1860s.
The safety bicycle was a huge hit, and sales skyrocketed—which led some to worry they were causing insanity. In 1894, the annual report by the “Commissioners in Lunacy” to British Parliament was covered in the New York Times, the writer suggested the increase of lunacy was attributable largely to bike riding:
“There is not the slightest doubt that bicycle riding, if persisted in, leads to weakness of mind, general lunacy, and homicidal mania.”
He continued, saying that men of “humane impulses and correct conduct” were “prey to that thirst for homicide which habitual bicycling so commonly produces.” As for women? Their bicycle-induced insanity apparently manifested itself in their fashion sense, a common sexist concern about female riders, who had to eschew more conservative clothes for ease of movement while cycling.
A few years later a Canadian paper alluded to discussions among physicians about the influence of “the wheel” on mental capacities, citing a report of a woman going insane due to “excessive riding of the bicycle.” The report was another example of prejudices against women biking.
A second report, a year later, included an illustration of a crazed woman cyclist plowing down another. It was full of venomous, sexist animosity, reporting that doctors in France were supposedly puzzled by the new mania. The piece suggested it wasn’t just sartorial insanity cycling could trigger in women, but full blown psychopathy.
The writer got really, really carried away:
“The feminine cyclists are becoming extremely cruel. Medical men who have made a study of the matter are inclined to ascribe it to a form of insanity.”
It became more extreme and graphic as it went on:
“The doctors also found that not only did the desire to ride down other wheel women appear, but there was plenty of additional evidence that the mania inspired a keen delight in all things savoring of cruelty.”
It went so far as to suggest that female cyclists had a propensity to torture their pets “in the most frightful fashion” as a direct result of bicycle riding.

On the other hand, many also thought bicycles were healthy (just as we do today), and some even believed it could help address insanity instead of causing it. There were instances of mental asylums taking patients out on bike rides and seeing good results. The article below included numerous examples and stated, “There is no form of exercise or amusement better calculated to relieve mental tension than the bicycle.”
These upsides turned out to be true. Cycling is exercise, and exercise is good for physical and mental health, but some sought to temper what they saw as bicycle hype. A writer in 1895 said of the bicycle hysteria:
“With enthusiasm keyed to concert pitch and indulgence running to excess, more ills may be bred than what are cured, and when this becomes true, cycling will receive a blighted stigma.”
He added, “Cycling has acquired a reputation as a panacea for all manner of ailments” and attributed the hype to “zealots” and “sweeping claims of tradesmen.” The writer seemed to backpedal a bit on his alarmism at the end of his article, saying bicycle riding was healthy for some, but remained cautious.
Three years later, one U.S. Army recruiter in Chicago decided to refuse “excessive bicycle riders” from serving, as they supposedly had “bicycle heart” and were unfit.
In many ways, bicycles were more of a precursor to the automobile than the horse and cart, because they democratized travel. Little did bike haters know then, a few decades later a much less quiet, healthy and environmentally friendly form of transportation would become as popular as the safety bicycle: automobiles. The grass is always greener.
This article was originally published on Timeline , based on an episode of Pessimists Archive podcast . Sign up to their newsletter here .
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Trek FX 3 Disc Stagger Hybrid Bike in Black

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Season:2023
Code:35055MATBLK
FX 3 Disc Women's Stagger is a versatile hybrid bike made for performance, comfort and utility.
It has a lightweight aluminium frame, a classic step-through geometry that's easier to mount and dismount, a carbon fork, a performance 1x drivetrain and powerful disc brakes that stop in any weather.
- The 1x drivetrain gives you all the gears you need and none you don’t
- The step-through frame makes it easy to hop on and go, and hop off when your ride is over
- It's versatile and does whatever you want it to do, whether that's riding for fitness, commuting or cruising to the farmer's market to do the weekly shop
- It's easy to accessorise with racks, a kickstand, mudguards, lights and fitness devices to track your ride data when you add DuoTrap S
- The cables are routed internally, which protects them from the elements and adds to the bike's sleek look
- Frame Alpha Gold Aluminium, stagger top tube, DuoTrap S-compatible, internal cable routing, flat-mount disc, rack and mudguard mounts, 135x5 mm QR
- Fork FX Carbon, rack and mudguard mounts, flat-mount disc, 405 mm axle-to-crown. ThruSkew 5 mm QR
- Hub front Formula DC-20, alloy, 6-bolt, 5x100 mm QR
- Hub rear Formula DC-22, alloy, 6-bolt, Shimano 8/9/10 freehub, 135x5 mm QR
- Rim Bontrager Tubeless Ready Disc, 32-hole, Presta valve
- Tyre Bontrager H2 Comp, wire bead, 30 tpi, 700x32c
- Max tyre size 38c without fenders, 35c with fenders
- Shifter Shimano Deore M4100, 10 speed
- Rear derailleur Shimano Deore M5120, long cage
- Crank Prowheel alloy, 40T narrow-wide ring, 170 mm length
- Cassette Shimano Deore M4100, 11-46, 10-speed
- Chain KMC X10, 10-speed
- Pedal Bontrager City pedals
- Saddle Bontrager H1 Women's
- Seatpost Bontrager alloy, 27.2 mm, 12 mm offset, 330 mm length
- Handlebar Size: S/M, Bontrager Satellite Plus IsoZone, alloy, 31.8 mm, 15 mm rise, 600 mm width Size: L, Bontrager Satellite Plus IsoZone, alloy, 31.8 mm, 15 mm rise, 660 mm width
- Grips Bontrager Satellite IsoZone Plus, lock-on, ergonomic
- Stem Size: S, Bontrager alloy, 31.8 mm clamp, Blendr-compatible, 7-degree, 90 mm length Size: M/L, Bontrager alloy, 31.8 mm clamp, Blendr-compatible, 7-degree, 100 mm length
- Head set 1-1/8" threadless, sealed cartridge bearings
- Brake Shimano MT201 hydraulic disc, flat-mount, 160 mm rotor
- Brake rotor Shimano RT26, 6-bolt,160 mm
- Weight M - 24.82 lb / 11.26 kg
- Weight limit This bike has a maximum total weight limit (combined weight of bicycle, rider and cargo) of 136 kg (300 lb).
Write a review for Trek FX 3 Disc Stagger Hybrid Bike in Black
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Trek FX 3 Disc Stagger Womens Hybrid Bike in Alpine-DeepDarkBlue

With Pre-Order , you can purchase the latest items added to our store in advance of them arriving with us.
Your Pre-Order is prioritised (at no additional charge); meaning that as soon as the product arrives with us, we can wrap it straight back up; ready for collection via Click & Collect or despatch to you — it often never even hits the stock room shelves!
With Pre-Launch , the date when we expect to receive the product ourselves is still a little too hazy to be confident in accepting Pre-Orders.
So, instead, you can submit your email address against the item you are interested in and we will email you as soon as stock arrives on the system.
Estimated Delivery & Collection Dates are given on Pre-Order and Pre-Launch products. They are for indication purposes only and can change at any time without notice.
The dates we provide are based on indications given by our suppliers. Whenever we get updated information from our suppliers we will endeavour to update the Estimated Delivery & Collection Dates provided on product pages.
Hassle free returns
RETURNS POLICY
Subject to the terms set out below we are happy to offer a refund or exchange on all goods except goods which are special orders or nutrition products, and where we have expressly advised you that there is no right to return the goods ordered (save in the event the goods are faulty) provided the goods are returned to us within 14 days of delivery to you.
If you return goods to us and request a different size or alternative product we will send it out free of charge (subject to stock availability). If you require a refund (or the replacement item is not in stock) we aim to process refunds within 7 days of receipt of the goods. It is your responsibility to ensure that the item is returned to us safely and securely and in saleable condition.
Refunds will be processed using the same method of payment used for the original purchase. Due to the high incidence of fraud, we regret that we are unable to offer any refund without a valid receipt/delivery note.
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Season:2023
Code:35055AlpineBLUtoDBLUFade
FX 3 Disc Women's Stagger is a versatile hybrid bike made for performance, comfort and utility.
It has a lightweight aluminium frame, a classic step-through geometry that's easier to mount and dismount, a carbon fork, a performance 1x drivetrain and powerful disc brakes that stop in any weather.
- The 1x drivetrain gives you all the gears you need and none you don’t
- The step-through frame makes it easy to hop on and go, and hop off when your ride is over
- It's versatile and does whatever you want it to do, whether that's riding for fitness, commuting or cruising to the farmer's market to do the weekly shop
- It's easy to accessorise with racks, a kickstand, mudguards, lights and fitness devices to track your ride data when you add DuoTrap S
- The cables are routed internally, which protects them from the elements and adds to the bike's sleek look
- Frame Alpha Gold Aluminium, stagger top tube, DuoTrap S-compatible, internal cable routing, flat-mount disc, rack and mudguard mounts, 135x5 mm QR
- Fork FX Carbon, rack and mudguard mounts, flat-mount disc, 405 mm axle-to-crown. ThruSkew 5 mm QR
- Hub front Formula DC-20, alloy, 6-bolt, 5x100 mm QR
- Hub rear Formula DC-22, alloy, 6-bolt, Shimano 8/9/10 freehub, 135x5 mm QR
- Rim Bontrager Tubeless Ready Disc, 32-hole, Presta valve
- Tyre Bontrager H2 Comp, wire bead, 30 tpi, 700x32c
- Max tyre size 38c without fenders, 35c with fenders
- Shifter Shimano Deore M4100, 10 speed
- Rear derailleur Shimano Deore M5120, long cage
- Crank Prowheel alloy, 40T narrow-wide ring, 170 mm length
- Cassette Shimano Deore M4100, 11-46, 10-speed
- Chain KMC X10, 10-speed
- Pedal Bontrager City pedals
- Saddle Bontrager H1 Women's
- Seatpost Bontrager alloy, 27.2 mm, 12 mm offset, 330 mm length
- Handlebar Size: S/M, Bontrager Satellite Plus IsoZone, alloy, 31.8 mm, 15 mm rise, 600 mm width Size: L, Bontrager Satellite Plus IsoZone, alloy, 31.8 mm, 15 mm rise, 660 mm width
- Grips Bontrager Satellite IsoZone Plus, lock-on, ergonomic
- Stem Size: S, Bontrager alloy, 31.8 mm clamp, Blendr-compatible, 7-degree, 90 mm length Size: M/L, Bontrager alloy, 31.8 mm clamp, Blendr-compatible, 7-degree, 100 mm length
- Head set 1-1/8" threadless, sealed cartridge bearings
- Brake Shimano MT201 hydraulic disc, flat-mount, 160 mm rotor
- Brake rotor Shimano RT26, 6-bolt,160 mm
- Weight M - 24.82 lb / 11.26 kg
- Weight limit This bike has a maximum total weight limit (combined weight of bicycle, rider and cargo) of 136 kg (300 lb).
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COMMENTS
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FX 3 Disc Women's Stagger is a versatile hybrid bike made for performance, comfort and utility.
FX 3 Disc Women's Stagger is a versatile hybrid bike made for performance, comfort and utility. It has a lightweight aluminium frame, a classic step-through