Evolution Treks Peru

Nazca Lines Peru Guide: Tours, Hiking, Maps, Buildings, Facts, and History

by Miguel Angel Gongora Meza | Feb 25, 2023 | 0 comments

Nazca lines

, The Nasca Lines are a set of giant geoglyphs located in the Peruvian coastal plain, about 400 kilometers south of Lima (the Capital of Peru).

Created by the ancient Nasca culture and depicting plants, animals, and various shapes, the 2,000-year-old Nasca Lines can only be fully appreciated from the air due to their enormous size.

Despite having been studied for more than 80 years, the geoglyphs, declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1994 , are still considered a mystery by researchers.

  There are a few theories about the origin of the Nazca Lines ; among the main ones, for instance, Maria Reiche was convinced that the lines represented a vast astronomical calendar used to mark the places where the sun and other celestial bodies rose and set on the horizon. 

Also, the British explorer Tony Morrison found evidence of the existence of small shrines that appeared to be connected by the Nazca lines.

Others have considered that the lines served as ritual centers to help the dead attain immortality or to perform religious ceremonies and rites.

  Moreover, scholars believe that it was a Map of water sources and a form of worship of the water-providing deities: It has been proposed that the lines and shapes served as a map of subway water sources for those who needed supplies in the desert.

Archaeologist John Reinhard also suggested that the figures symbolized the worship of the water-providing deities.

The offer of tours to visit the Nazca Lines is extensive. You have a great variety of options to choose from, such as overflights to the Nazca Lines, the combination of flight + Buggies and Sandboard, and the flight plus a visit to the Cantalloc Aqueducts.

  The desert climate in the Nasca area means there are no winters with shallow temperatures. Although the lines can be visited throughout the year, the ideal time to do it is between December and March because the winds and turbulences are minimal in that season.

Also, during this time of the year, the summer is warmer, allowing light and comfortable clothing to be used.

The geography of the province of Nasca is characterized by valleys and rivers (Ingenio – Changuillo, Aja, Socos, Tierras Blancas, Taruga, Trancas, and Poroma rivers), all tributaries of the Grande river basin.

There are immense pampas and hills typical of the coastal desert. To the province’s east, you can appreciate gorges that give beginning to the first Andean foothills.

The place where the Nasca culture developed is a tablazo, a tectonic uplift, which in the case of the tablazo of Ica flows into the sea in the form of a low cliff.

The climate is warm, rainfall is scarce, and the terrain is arid, with sandy pampas and quite porous, with numerous subway filtrations that change the course of the rivers, which on many occasions emerge several kilometers away, constituting oases.

Every year, more than one hundred thousand people visit the Nazca Lines. The lines are essential for the province of Nasca, as they generate employment and a great deal of fluidity in the local economy.

To date, more than 1,500 geoglyphs are known in the Nasca lines.

The geometric lines and figures extend over 400 square kilometers in southern Peru; In some cases the figures are up to 1.9 kilometers long, and the lines are up to 10 kilometers.

What is the history of the Nazca Lines?

The Nazca Lines are a group of geoglyphs made in the Nasca desert in southern Peru. They were created between 500 BC and 500 AD by members of the Nasca civilization.

There are two main phases of the Nazca lines: the Paracas phase, from 400 to 200 BC, and the Nasca phase, from 200 BC to 500 AD. As of this year, 2022 even 168 new figures have been found with drones, and archaeologists believe there are more to be found.

Most lines cross the landscape in a straight line, but there are also symbolic designs of animals and plants. The combined length of all lines exceeds 1,300 km.

The lines are usually between 10 and 15 cm deep. They were made by removing the top layer of reddish-brown iron oxide-coated pebbles to reveal a yellowish-gray subsoil. 

When the sub-layer of this gravel is removed, the light-colored clayey soil exposed at the bottom of the trench contrasts sharply in color and tone with the surrounding ground surface, producing visible lines.

This sublayer contains large amounts of lime. With the moisture of the morning fog, it hardens to form a protective layer that shields the lines from the winds, thus preventing erosion.

The Nasca used this technique to “draw” several hundred simple but enormous curvilinear figures of animals and humans.

The earthwork project is vast and complex: the area covered by all the lines is almost 450 km2, and the most prominent animal figures alone can span nearly 370 m.

For instance, the hummingbird is 93 m long, the condor is 134 m, the monkey is 93 m by 58 m, and the spider is 47 m.

The total area of the lines is almost 450 km2, and the giant figures can cover nearly 370 meters.

The Nasca region’s dry, windless, constant climate has preserved the lines well. This desert is one of the driest on Earth and maintains a temperature near 25 °C (77 °F) throughout the year.

The lack of wind has helped keep the lines exposed and visible.

Some of the Nasca lines form figures best seen from the air (at about 500 m), although they are also visible from the surrounding foothills and other high places.

A continuous line usually forms the figures. Due to their isolation and the plateau’s dry, stable, windless climate, the lines have been mostly naturally preserved. 

On rare occasions, weather changes may temporarily alter the overall designs. As of 2012, the lines are said to have been deteriorating due to the influx of squatters inhabiting the land.

The figures vary in complexity. Hundreds are simple lines and geometric shapes; more than 70 are zoomorphic designs, such as a hummingbird, spider, fish, condor, heron, monkey, lizard, dog, cat, and human.

Other shapes include trees and flowers.

 Scholars differ in their interpretation of the purpose of the designs but generally attribute religious significance to them. They were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994.

Several pivotal figures have delved into the mystery of the Nazca Lines since the arrival of the spaniards to the Inca Empire to date.

These include the 16th-century Spanish explorer Pedro Cieza de León who was one of the first ones to have recorded its existence.

More recently  the Peruvian scholar Toribio Mejía Xesspe, and the Americans Paul Kosok and John Reinhard (the latter esteemed within National Geographic) did extensive work in the area.

Also, German researcher Maria Reiche who dedicated her entire life to uncover its mysteries, and Japanese scholar Masato Sakai.

We recommend the following books If you wish to learn more about the Nazca Lines, w: 

  • Contributions to geometry and astronomy in ancient Peru. REICHE, María. Editorial Epígrafe. 1993, 
  • Nasca Lines. Of the men who drew the desert. HERRAN, Eduardo. Editorial Faculty of Communication Sciences, Tourism, and Psychology of the USMP. 2016.
  • The Nazca Lines. A new approach to their origin and meaning. REINHARD, Johan. Editorial Los Pinos. 1997.

The lines and geoglyphs of Nasca and Pampas de Jumana in Palpa are considered extraordinary examples of the astronomical and religious expression of the pre-Hispanic societies that flourished on the southern coast of Peru.

Thanks to their exceptional surface design, they bear witness to a culture whose tradition, beliefs, and thinking developed independently in South America.

The site was transformed into a highly symbolic, ritual, social and cultural landscape that remains visible today.

The Nazca Lines were declared Historical and Cultural Heritage on December 17, 1994.

The Nazca lines are considered the most outstanding group of geoglyphs in the world and are incomparable in extension, magnitude, quantity, size and diversity with any other similar work in the world.

What are the theories about the origin of the Nazca Lines?

Recent investigations led notably by archaeologist Johan Reinhard, sheds new light on the Nazca Lines’ potential significance.

He argues a different purpose for the Nazca Lines, suggesting a connection to water—a vital asset in the arid Peruvian coastal region.

Contrary to being an irrigation system or a guide for finding water sources, these geoglyphs are thought to have served as part of a ritual aimed at invoking much-needed rain from the gods.

Other scholas such as Maria Reiche, a pioneering Nasca researcher, proposed an idea that the lines constituted a vast astronomical calendar, marking the positions where the sun and celestial bodies rose and set on the horizon.

Maria Reiche dedicated her almost her entire life to the understanding of the Nasca lines and her contributions are inmesurable.

Another theory suggests a religious significance, positing that the lines were crafted to honor the gods. Given the Nasca civilization’s strong religious practices, this dedication to the project aligns with their spiritual beliefs.

British explorer Tony Morrison uncovered small shrines seemingly linked by the Nazca lines. Some speculate that these lines could have functioned as ceremonial sites, aiding in rituals for the departed or religious ceremonies, potentially linked to the pursuit of immortality.

What are the myths about Nazca Lines?

The myths surrounding the Nazca lines encompass extraterrestrial connections and ancient astronaut theories.

These beliefs intertwine with stories of teachers arriving from the sky, depicted within the lines, resembling “flying gods” in Nasca legends from the 16th-century Spanish conquest of Peru.

According to some Nasca myths, these celestial beings possessed elongated skulls, contributing to the prevalent belief that these enigmatic lines were constructed by extraterrestrial visitors.

Swiss writer Erich von Daniken ardently supported the notion of ancient astronauts and extraterrestrial involvement. His 1968 publication, “Chariots of the Gods,” postulated that these mysterious shapes and lines were crafted by ancient beings as navigational aids and landing strips for their spacecraft.

Von Daniken’s assertions suggested that the Nazca lines substantiated the visits of extraterrestrial astronauts, shaping ancient civilizations.

He proposed that the Native Americans, viewing Nasca as a sacred site, continued to create additional figures and tracks, hoping to entice the gods’ return, although they never did.

How were the Nazca Lines formed?

The Nasca Lines, made between 500 BC and 500 AD, were crafted by gently removing dark rocks, revealing lighter ground underneath, forming these famous shapes in the desert soil.  

Ancient indigenous Nazca workers used ropes and stakes to make straight lines and marked edges for larger shapes like trapezoids.

They removed stones and arranged them along the borders, creating spirals by moving in circles, gradually widening the lines.

People used simple tools, not high-tech equipment, to form these stunning designs. It was a team effort that brought the community together and showcased their organized workmanship.

Are the Nazca Lines Important for Peru’s History?

Indeed, the Nazca lines hold immense significance in both Peruvian and global history. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, these intricate lines stand as an iconic symbol, deeply embedded within Peru’s rich historical and cultural narrative.

They represent a profound archaeological marvel, marking a pinnacle of the ancient Nazca civilization that thrived in the southern hemisphere between 500 BC and 500 AD.

These lines serve as a remarkable testament to the mind-blowing heritage of the pre-Hispanic Nazca people, offering invaluable insights into their millennia-old legacy.

Is it safe to visit the Nazca Lines?

Nazca and Ica, where the Nazca Lines are located, are super safe places, just like other spots in Peru. Remember, it’s always good to be a bit cautious when traveling, but visiting these lines is totally cool and safe! Visiting the Nazca lines is super safe!

Also, when it comes to flying over these mysteries lines, since 2010, only a few top-checked airplane companies operate tours in the area, making the chance of anything going wrong super, super low.

There are towers and ground trips to see the lines from below, if flying’s not your thing. It’s cool, but flying over them gives the best views! Just make sure to take this awesome chance to see these ancient drawings from way up high.

Where are the Nasca Lines Located?

The Nazca lines sit in Peru, about 450 kilometers away from Lima, close to the Pacific Ocean. They stretch across the Ingenio, Nasca, Palpa, and Socos plains. The land in these plains looks reddish during the day and turns violet at night, like a big stage surrounded by hills. The lines can be seen from above using high towers or flying over them.

What are the coordinates of the Nazca Lines?

The coordinates of the Nasca Lines are as follows:

Latitude: -14° 42′ 59.99″ S

Longitude: -75° 07′ 60.00″ W

What are the Tours for Nazca Lines?

When it comes the value of tours around Nazca; the cost of 30-minuted ride overflying the lines cost about $150 to $350, and the big ones cost   $150 to $250 per person while longer flights cost more depending of the starting point.

For those who don’t want to fly, then there are also towers where you can see the figures up close. The highest tower cost about $3-5 and lets you see some of the most impressive figures like a condor, monkey, and spider. One of the lower towers cost about $2-3 and gives you a chance to see the astronaut and lizard.

People can also visit museums to learn more about the lines. The site museum costs around $6-8 and features abundant information about Maria Reiche, the most famous Nazca researcher.

There’s a bike tour that costs around $50-100, If you like biking, or you can take a private car tour that starts at $150 and shows you the different spots related to the lines.

  What is the best season for visiting Nazca Lines?

The best season to visit the Nazca Lines is betwen December and March, Peru’s summer, offers the best weather with low moisture and warm temperatures along the Peruvian coast.

However, it’s the opposite of Machu Picchu’s weather that is mainly rainy and overcast. Nevertheless, this season makes it an ideal time to explore both places, combining your travel for a fulfilling experience in Peru.

What are the Hiking Routes for Nasca Lines?

There are three main hiking and walking routes around the Nazca Lines site, namely : the Nasca City Walk and Archaeological Sites (17.9 km round-trip route), The Cahuachi – Tambo de Perro – Nasca Dunes (37.0 km circular route), and The Panoramic Route: Nasca – María Reiche Tower (49.6 km round-trip route).

The first trail is an easy one, taking 4 hours to cover with a positive vertical drop of 249 m, allowing visitors to tour some archaeological sites near the city, like Cantayoc aqueducts, Los Paredones, as well as close to some of the Nazca lines, before ending at the airport where they can fly over Nazca Lines.

The second trail is considered challenging, taking 9 ½ hours with a 788m positive vertical drop, which starts in the town of Cahuachi and goes through windy terrain perfect for Buggy cars.

The third Trail takes 11 ½ hours covering 49 KM distance, offering 453m Positive Vertical Drop.

What are the Closest Destinations to Nasca Lines?

Paracas National Reserve is the nearest point of interest to the Nazca Lines. The Paracas National Reserve is a protected area located in the province of Pisco, in the department of Ica which was declared as such on September 25, 1975.

Paracas reserve was created to conserve a portion of the sea and the desert, protecting the diverse species of wild flora and fauna inhabiting Las Ballestas islands. Paracas reserve is located 215 kilometers from Nasca.

In April 1992, it was recognized as one of the sites of unique character for the Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (RAMSAR Convention), especially as a habitat for aquatic species such as the sea lion, Humboldt penguins (which are in danger of extinction), guano birds such as the booby, the guanay, the pelican and other vital species.

Huacachina Lagoon is a large oasis located five kilometers west of Ica and 146 kilometers from Nasca, in the middle of the coastal desert. Green waters, it arose due to the upwelling of subway currents.

Around it is abundant vegetation composed of palm trees, eucalyptus (introduced species), and the carob tree known as Huarango, which serves as a resting place for the flying birds that pass through this region.

All this contributes to making Huacachina one of the most beautiful places on the Peruvian coast. Pampa Galeras Barbara D’Achille National Reserve is located in the province of Lucanas, in the department of Ayacucho, 77 km from the city of Nasca. 

It covers an area of 6,500 hectares; however, its area of influence is estimated to be close to 60,000 hectares and includes several rural communities. Its main objective is to conserve the vicuña to allow its sustainable use with benefits reverted to the high Andean inhabitants.

Cerro Blanco is considered the highest dune in the world and a favorite for sandboarding and paragliding. The dune reaches 2,078 meters above sea level and 1,176 meters from the base to the summit. Cerro Blanco is located 14 kilometers from Nazca, east of the Nasca Valley.

Sacaco is located 100 km south of the city of Nasca, in the district of Bella Union, in Arequipa. Sacco is a rich deposit of fossil remains, especially whales and sharks of the tertiary era.

There is a small on-site museum, a branch of the Natural History Museum of the Universidad Mayor de San Marcos. 

How to Get from Cusco to Nasca Lines?

Traveling from Cusco to the Nazca Lines is mainly done by bus via Puquio or Arequipa.

Nazca sits halfway between Lima and Arequipa, making it accessible by road. While Nazca has an airport, it’s used mainly for tourist flights over the lines, so most travel happens by road from Lima or Arequipa.

There are bus services from nearby places like Ica or Paracas, providing convenient options.

Keep in mind, the overland journey might take time,If you’re coming from Cusco, as there are limited daily departures. Consider overnight buses or explore the scenic route through Arequipa for a different adventure.

What to know before going to the Nasca Lines?

Opt for morning flights between 7-10 am for clearer views and smoother rides, thanks to calmer winds. This time frame offers the most breathtaking experience.

Don’t forget to pack water, a hat, sunscreen, and sunglasses to beat the scorching sun.

While days are usually hot, nights get cooler, especially in July (the coldest) and February (the hottest).

For the perfect experience, choose a reputable tour company or plan your independent trip wisely.

Flight prices vary, but expect around 35 minutes at roughly USD 100, making those early morning flights an absolute treat

When are the Nasca Lines Open?

The Nasca Lines are accessible for flights starting at 6:00 am. For ground exploration, reach there by 8:00 am. The airfield shuts at 5:00 pm, but the lookout point stays open till 5:30 pm.

How is the Nasca Lines Itinerary?

There are three options for the best itineraries to explore Nazca.

First, consider a trip from Lima with Cruz del Sur Buses for those looking to explore the incredible Nasca Lines. The journey takes 7.5 and 8.5 hours along Peru’s Panamerican Highway South, which passes through historic Pisco and Paracas Reserve before arriving in Nasca. Private transfer is also available for time-conscious travelers willing to pay extra for speedier journeys.

Second, You can spend your night in the city of Nasca and get up early to experience a truly spectacular view. Take an aerial tour on one of many available airlines that offer flights over the ancient Nasca Lines, soaring through 30-40 minutes for sweeping views at lookouts over desert terrain with famous figures like the hummingbird, lizard spider, and monkey spread out before you. 

Third, Alternatively, take a bus north along Panamerican Highway South from town – it’s fast and cheap but won’t afford as fantastic sightseeing opportunities, so if possible, fly instead!

For the smoothest flight, take off in the a.m., when turbulence is at its lowest levels- but be sure to book with trusted airlines and budget for surcharges on top of your ticket price; look out for AeroNasca, AeroParacas, or Movil Air as great options!

What is the best vehicle for visiting Nasca Lines?

If you ask what is the best vehicle to visit the Nasca lines. Going by plane is the best way since it will allow you to contemplate the main figures in greater detail. 

You should be aware that the flight has several sharp turns that make some passengers nauseous. Try to eat only a little in the hours before take-off. Going early in the morning is recommended as there is better visibility and less wind.

Choosing a good company such as AeroNasca, AeroParacas or Móvil Air is recommended. 

Another alternative is to go by land and climb the observation tower. The tower is on the outskirts of Nasca. It is 13 meters high and offers a good view of two lines: the tree and the hands.

How many hours should a person spend visiting the Nasca Lines?

The trip by light aircraft to see the Nasca lines lasts approximately half an hour to forty minutes. 

Is it possible to stay at Nasca Lines?

Yes, you can stay nearby the Nasca lines in Nasca town. 

For those looking to explore the city of Nasca, travelers will find various accommodation options. The budget-friendly option is Nasca Travel One, offering private rooms with all creature comforts such as TV and Wi-Fi at an affordable price – plus continental breakfast is included. Meanwhile, for those wanting something more luxurious, Alegria Hotel offers spacious rooms surrounded by lush gardens and pool areas, giving guests their secret hideaway within the city – alongside other facilities like its restaurant. 

Travelers seeking a remote desert escape with all the comforts of home are found at Hotel Las Dunas in Ica. Enjoy an oasis just 45 minutes away from Paracas National Reserve and 135 km to discover ancient Nasca Lines. Lima is only 300km away – perfect for travelers wanting to explore Peru’s capital city but relax in a tranquil setting when finished. With 50 rooms, choose between standard, superior, or deluxe suites and one villa accommodation option.

What was the purpose of the Nasca Lines for the Nazca culture that created them?

The latest research and findings at Yamagata University suggest that the mysterious lines created by the Nazca people in Peru’s desert were far more than just patterns on the sand. These ancient markings served as epicenters of spiritual power, unifying multiple cultures between the coast and highlands near Iquique. It has also been theorized that they acted like signs directing travelers to Cahuachi – a socio-political hub for Nasca citizens back then. Thus, a new perspective reveals an extraordinary purpose behind these age-old figures crafted into sandy landscapes many millennia ago!

The Nasca culture was a remarkable civilization that left traces of its existence in Peru. Its center, Cahuachi on the Grande River, flourished between the first and seventh centuries before declining. One unique aspect of this ancient society is their giant geoglyphs in the Pampas de Jumana, considered astronomical depictions or even a calendar! The mysterious purpose behind these huge drawings remains unknown today, but no doubt speaks volumes about these impressive people’s knowledge and complexity.

What are some theories about the purpose of the Nazca lines?

Various theories are proposed by scientists and scholars regarding the purpose of the famous Nazca lines. Some hypotheses are widely accepted among the scientific community, while others present theoretical scenarios that are difficult to test. One prevailing viewpoint suggests that these lines were created by two distinct pre-Inca cultures during separate time periods. Specifically, it is believed that the Paracas culture (700 BC – 200 AD) and the Nazca culture (1 BC – 600 AD) were responsible for the design and construction of the lines. Consequently, the lines have become known by the name of their presumed last designers.

What is the size and appearance of the Humanoid geoglyph?

The Humanoid geoglyph, recently discovered and considered incredibly awe-inspiring, is characterized by its relatively small size compared to other figures found in the area. Measuring approximately 2 meters (6.6 feet) in width and 4 meters (13.1 feet) in height, this humanoid representation stands out due to its diminutive stature. The geoglyph portrays a little human figure adorned with a distinctive headdress featuring three points atop its rectangular head. The humanoid is depicted holding a scepter, adding to its intriguing appearance. Despite the challenges posed by the deteriorated state of the geoglyph, the combined efforts of the Artificial Intelligence system, along with the expertise of the archaeologists in charge, were successful in locating and highlighting this remarkable image.

Who discovered more than 140 new Nazca lines images in 2004?

In 2004, a team of researchers led by Professor Masato Sakai from Yamagata University collaborated with Peruvian archaeologist Jorge Olano. With advanced technologies, including IBM’s PAIRS geoscope, they successfully unearthed over 140 previously undiscovered images of the Nazca lines.

What are some other names for the Pelican geoglyph?

The Pelican geoglyph, also known as Alcatraz (an old Spanish name for Pelican), is one of the Nazca Lines Images that presents a challenge regarding its distinct identification. Apart from the name Pelican, this geoglyph is associated with several other names, such as Flamenco, Cormorant, and even Phoenix.

What is the representation of the Nazca dog geoglyph?

The Nazca dog geoglyph is a lesser-known figure among the Nazca Lines images. It portrays a dog in a state of surprise and alertness. This depiction showcases the dog standing upright, with its limbs and tail fully extended, its ears pointing upward, and its eyes and mouth open. However, this posture may simply be the dog stretching its body. The dimensions of the dog geoglyph do not exceed 170 feet in length. It is widely believed that this representation specifically references the Peruvian Inca Orchid, a native breed of dog found in Peru, known for its hairless appearance.

What is the significance of the whale geoglyph?

The whale geoglyph holds significant meaning within the context of the Nazca culture and the famous Nazca lines. Representing a fairly uncomplicated yet easily distinguishable design, the whale geoglyph was one of many indigenous animals depicted on the vast canvas of the Peruvian desert by the Nazca people. Specifically, the whale geoglyph is a remarkable example of the immense diversity celebrated through the Nazca lines. In addition to the whale geoglyph, there is another intricate depiction of an Orca or Killer Whale, further showcasing Nazca artwork’s complexity. This particular geoglyph, however, proves to be more challenging to differentiate. The presence of these whale geoglyphs highlights the Nazca culture’s deep appreciation for the rich variety of animal life that surrounded them. Their depiction serves as a testament to the knowledge, skill, and artistry of the Nazca people in capturing the essence of these majestic creatures on the desert landscape, ensuring their enduring legacy for generations to come.

What is the significance of the spider geoglyph?

The spider geoglyph holds significant importance due to its distinctive features and intricate portrayal. The varying width of the drawn lines, stretching up to 210 centimeters in the widest areas and reducing to approximately 40 centimeters in narrower sections, adds to its captivating allure. This precise craftsmanship highlights the creators’ meticulous attention to detail and skill. Its unique characteristics make the spider geoglyph stand out among other figures, making it a must-see attraction for visitors exploring the area.

What is the significance of the parrot geoglyph?

The parrot geoglyph is significant among the vast lines and figures in the Nazca desert. Although not immediately apparent due to the many other lines in the area, its distinct features are indeed discernible to those with keen observation. Its beak, head, and an evident large crest on one side contribute to the identification of this avian representation. The parrot geoglyph showcases a unique artistic style, predominantly characterized by circular forms. However, the image has suffered alterations over time due to natural erosion and human interference, particularly in the lower section, where the construction of paths and roads occurred. Despite these modifications, the outline of its wings is still discernible. Intriguingly, these wings are portrayed through parallel rectangular shapes, which deviate from a strictly natural representation, suggesting a deliberate artistic choice. The enigmatic nature of the parrot geoglyph has stirred the imagination of various theorists and academics. Its unconventional design has sparked countless theories and interpretations, contributing to the ongoing discussion surrounding the Nazca lines. This geoglyph’s presence has become a subject of intense curiosity, as it holds clues and symbolism that inspire scholarly exploration and provide insights into the ancient civilization that etched these remarkable formations onto the desert floor.

What is the significance of the hummingbird geoglyph?

The hummingbird geoglyph holds great significance due to its representation of a revered deity or flying god in the ancient Nazca culture of Peru. Peru is known for its diverse hummingbird species, with over 125 recorded species, and it is believed that the Nazca population held the hummingbird in high regard. According to Maria Rostorowski, a prominent Peruvian historian, offerings were made annually to appease the god Hummingbirds and prevent drought and lack of rain. This geoglyph not only attracts attention but also exhibits remarkable craftsmanship. Its design allows it to be easily identified during flights over the Nazca lines. The wingspan of the hummingbird geoglyph reaches an impressive 97 meters, while its pointed beak adds further detail to its portrayal. Stretching across a length of 320 feet and a width of 216 feet, this massive depiction emphasizes the contrast between the small size of the hummingbird and its larger-than-life representation in the geoglyph. Overall, the hummingbird geoglyph is a testament to the cultural significance placed on this bird by the Nazca people. Its creation and size highlight the devotion and respect given to the deity it represents. It also serves as a visual reminder of the connection between the gods and the natural world in the Nazca belief system.

What is the significance of the astronaut geoglyph?

The astronaut geoglyph found among the Nazca lines has intrigued researchers and experts for years, as its significance remains a mystery. The geoglyph, also called the giant or the owl-man, stands out amongst the faithful representations of key animals in Nazca culture. This particular geoglyph depicts what appears to be a figure of a human being with large eyes and boots on its feet. Some experts propose that it may belong to the Paracas culture, predating the Nazca culture. Others suggest that it could represent a fisherman, as a net is seen in the figure’s left hand, which is logical considering the area’s proximity to the sea. However, the true intention and purpose behind the astronaut geoglyph remain enigmatic. Academics and researchers continue to debate its meaning, leading to various outlandish theories. Some believe it to be a celestial being or a representation of an extraterrestrial visitor, while others assert that it symbolizes an important figure in Nazca religious or mythological beliefs. To truly appreciate and understand the astronaut geoglyph, one must observe it from above by flying over the Nazca lines. This perspective provides a comprehensive view of its intricate design and scale, providing further context for its possible significance. Despite extensive analysis and speculation, the true nature and purpose of the astronaut geoglyph still need to be discovered, leaving room for ongoing exploration and interpretation by future researchers. Its enigmatic presence continues to captivate and intrigue those interested in the ancient Nazca civilization.

What is the significance of the monkey geoglyph?

The monkey geoglyph in the Nazca lines holds significant meaning and offers insights into the ancient Nazca civilization. This large geoglyph, measuring approximately 330 feet long and 190 feet high, is among the most iconic and emblematic images among the diverse collection of Nazca lines. The monkey geoglyph is particularly intriguing because it represents Peruvian Amazon fauna, as monkeys are not typically found in the arid Nazca desert region. This suggests that the presence of the monkey geoglyph may indicate the existence of trade routes during the time when the Nazca culture flourished. The depiction of a monkey, a creature primarily associated with the Peruvian jungle located far away from the desert, showcases the Nazca civilization’s profound knowledge about the entire fauna of Peru. It is a testament to their understanding and appreciation of the diverse ecosystems within their country. Intricately portrayed with nine fingers and a distinctive spiral-shaped tail, the monkey geoglyph captures the vast catalog of Nazca lines imagery. Exploring these lines during a Nazca lines tour allows one to marvel at the tremendous undertaking of the ancient Nazca civilization, which undertook the creation of these massive and intricate geoglyphs. The significance of the monkey geoglyph lies not only in its representation of an unusual fauna for the Nazca desert region but also in its potential connection to trade routes and the complex knowledge possessed by the Nazca civilization concerning the fauna of Peru. It serves as a reminder of this ancient civilization’s ingenuity and cultural depth, leaving a lasting impression on those fortunate enough to witness it.

What is the significance of the condor geoglyph?

The condor geoglyph is significant among the Nazca lines as one of the most famous and instantly recognizable images. However, recent suggestions by expert groups propose that the figure more closely resembles that of a Chicago, a bird known for hovering near the lines. This theory gains credibility because Andean condors, although associated with Peru’s Andes, are typically observed over 100 miles away from the Nazca area. It is common to find depictions of animals from other regions in the geoglyphs, as seen in other figures. The condor geoglyph is truly remarkable in size, measuring an impressive 130 meters in length and 115 meters in width. Descriptions and photographs need to capture these ancient wonders’ true grandeur and magnificence. It is highly recommended that one witnesses the Nazca lines firsthand to truly appreciate their intricate craftsmanship and ponder the methods used to create them.

How is the Geography of Nasca Lines?

The geography of the province of Nasca is characterized by valleys and rivers (Ingenio – Changuillo, Aja, Socos, Tierras Blancas, Taruga, Trancas, and Poroma rivers), all tributaries of the Grande river basin. There are immense pampas and hills typical of the coastal desert, highlighting the pampas of Jumana where the famous geoglyphs or Nasca Lines are found. To the province’s east, you can appreciate gorges that give beginning to the first Andean foothills. Coastal features include the inlet of San Fernando and the bays of San Nicolas and San Juan in the southern end of the province.

Specifically, the place where the Nasca culture developed is a tablazo, i.e., a tectonic uplift, which in the case of the tablazo of Ica flows into the sea in the form of a low cliff. The climate is warm, rainfall is scarce, and the terrain is arid, with sandy pampas and quite porous, with numerous subway filtrations that change the course of the rivers, which on many occasions emerge several kilometers away, constituting oases. 

What is the Geological Profile of Nasca Lines?

An intricate tapestry has been painted onto a fan-shaped canvas in the Nasca desert for thousands of years. This immense work is comprised of alluvial deposits beginning as far back as the Pleistocene and spanning to modern times; some areas are covered with dunes or other evidence left by climactic fluctuations. The resulting geoglyphs stand today in testament to those who created them long ago.

The stunning Aeolian landscapes of the region are composed of faceted triangles and fans created by alluvial deposits, dissected further still by mighty Urupalla and Socos Gorges. Hills, mountains, and debris slopes – each featuring a unique combination of subvolcanic rocks, sediments, and continental/marine sedimentary rock – make up the impressive topography. These geological marvels provide captivating glimpses into an ancient world that few can ever witness in person.

Soils and sediments in the region can be divided into two primary categories. The first comprises mostly alluvial deposits, ranging from well-rounded gravels to subangular pebbles embedded in a sandy or silty matrix. In some areas, there are higher concentrations of finer particles, such as clays and silts, associated with water flows indicated by pampas features. The second sector consists mainly of weathering soils containing clay adjacent to existing intrusive rocks that may manifest hardened crusts over time due to their exposure to elements like wind and sand sun rays.

A unique soil formation was discovered in the pampas’ northern reaches. It had formed atop an ancient desert alluvium with limited rainfall and no signs of natural disturbance. On further inspection, it became evident that this sedimentation process was due to sustained wind patterns rather than transport from other landscapes – meaning its preservation is virtually intact! This area’s weather cycles vary significantly across seasons, making it interesting to explore their meteorological data in-depth. 

The Nasca pampas have been steadily affected over time by the El Niño events, which cause climatic anomalies in certain areas. These alterations are evident with streams like Urupalla and Socos where rain washes away finer particles from slopes as well as accumulation of coarse materials on them.

What are the findings in Nasca Lines?

There are three basic types of Nasca Lines: straight lines, geometric designs, and pictorial representations.

There are more than 800 straight lines on the coastal plain, some of which are 48 km long. 

In addition, there are more than 300 geometric designs, including basic shapes such as triangles, rectangles, and trapezoids, as well as spirals, arrows, zigzags, and wavy lines.

The Nasca Lines are best known for their depictions of 70 animals and plants, some of which are up to 370 meters long. Some examples are a spider, a hummingbird, a cactus, a monkey, a whale, a llama, a duck, a flower, a tree, a lizard, and a dog.

The Nasca also created other forms, such as a humanoid figure (nicknamed “The Astronaut”), hands, and some unidentifiable representations.

In 2011, a Japanese team discovered a new geoglyph that appears to depict a decapitation scene. At about 4.2 meters long and 3.1 meters wide, is much smaller than other Nasca figures and is not easily seen from aerial surveys. 

In 2016, the same team found another geoglyph, this time one depicting a 98-foot-long (30 meters) mythical creature with many legs and mottled markings sticking out its tongue.

In 2018, Peruvian archaeologists announced that they had discovered more than 50 new geoglyphs in the region, using drones to map the landmarks.

This year, the team of academics from Yamagata University, led by Japanese researcher Masato Sakai, found 168 new geoglyphs near the Nasca lines with the help of Peruvian archaeologists, drones, and aerial images.

Where was the recently discovered Cat geoglyph found, and what are its characteristics?

The recently discovered Cat geoglyph, which measures 31 meters or 121 feet in length, was found on a natural mound near the Nazca lines. Located at a natural viewpoint, this impressive figure had gone unnoticed by many tourists who passed by it every day. The Cat geoglyph stands out due to its unique characteristics. It depicts a cat with pointy ears, large round eyes, a long striped tail, and an open mouth. Its expression conveys a sense of wonder, setting it apart from the typical Nazca figures. Interestingly, the image of the cat was already present in ceramics and fabrics of the Nazca culture, indicating its significance and association with the ancient civilization. Through carbon 14 dating, it has been estimated that this magnificent geoglyph could have been created between 200 and 100 B.C., making it older than many of the other Nazca figures in the surrounding area. The discovery and preservation of this ancient artwork is truly remarkable.

What is the nearest city to Nasca Lines?

Nasca is a city just 21 kilometers from the fascinating Nasca Lines, located in Peru. Just 6 hours and 20 minutes by car will take you on a fantastic journey from Lima – the capital of Peru to these mysterious figures etched into the landscape.

What are the books about Nasca Lines?

You can consult the following books about the Nasca Lines: 

  • Contributions to geometry and astronomy in ancient Peru. REICHE, María. Editorial Epígrafe. 1993. 
  • Peru. The secret of the desert. REICHE, María. Ministry of Education of Peru. 2001.
  • Nasca Lines. Of the men who drew the desert. HERRAN, Eduardo. Editorial Faculty of Communication Sciences, Tourism and Psychology of the USMP. 2016.
  • The Mystery of the Nasca Lines. MORRISON, Tony. Publisher Woodbridge. 1987.
  • The Nasca. SILVERMAN, Helaine. PROULX, Donald. Blackwell Publishers. 2008

Who are the scientists who worked on Nasca Lines?

Among the most influential scientists, archaeologists, and researchers who have worked on the Nasca Lines are the former Peruvian archaeologist Toribio Mejia Xesspe, the American Paul Kosok, the German Maria Reiche, and the Japanese Masato Sakai.

Peruvian archaeologist Toribio Mejia Xesspe was the first researcher to study the lines in 1926 systematically. However, since they are practically impossible to identify from ground level, they only became known to the public with the arrival of commercial flights over Peru in the 1930s. 

American professor Paul Kosok investigated and found himself at the foot of a line on June 22, 1941, just one day after the winter solstice. At the end of a full day studying the lines, Kosok looked up from his work to see the sunset aligned directly with the line. Kosok called the 310-square-mile expanse of the high desert “the greatest astronomy book in the world.”

The German Maria Reiche, the Lady of Nasca, followed Kosok. Reiche studied the lines for 40 years and fought tirelessly to confirm her theories about the astronomical and calendrical purpose of the lines. 

The team of academics from Yamagata University, headed by Japanese researcher Masato Sakai, found 168 new geoglyphs near the Nazca lines with the help of Peruvian archaeologists, drones, and aerial images.

What do the straight lines of Nasca Mean?

The magnificent Nasca Lines – sprawling geoglyphs carved into Peru’s coastal plain – have been a source of wonder and mystery for over two millennia. From bird-like shapes to animals and plants, these enormous etchings can only be truly appreciated from above due to their immense size. As much as 80 years after first being studied by researchers, many of its secrets remain unsolved—a testament to humankind’s captivating ancient art forms that continue to move us today!

Which district is Nasca Lines in?

The Nasca Lines are located in the Department of Ica, precisely in the Province of Nasca. 

Is Nasca River close to the Nasca Lines?

Yes, the Nasca Lines are located near the Nasca River. This river basin and the Rio Grande basin where the Nasca River flows into affected and influenced the history of the lines and the civilization that developed them.

Are the Nazca Lines close to the Nazca desert?

Yes, the Nazca lines are indeed located within what is considered the Nazca desert. The Nazca Desert, also known as the Nazca Plains, is a desert located in the department of Ica in the southern area of Peru, along the south coast of the Pacific Ocean. It is famous for the Nazca Lines, a series of enormous geoglyphs etched into the desert floor. These geoglyphs were created by removing the reddish-brown iron oxide-coated pebbles covering the Nazca Desert’s surface, revealing the light-colored earth beneath. The Nazca Lines are best viewed from the air and depict various animals, plants, and geometric shapes.

Does the Nasca River affect the History of Nasca Lines?

The Nasca River has influenced and affected the history of the Nasca Culture and the Nasca Lines.

The Nasca Lines are located in the desert plains of the Rio Grande river basin, into which the Nasca River flows. This account is, in turn, an archaeological site covering more than 75,000 hectares and is one of the driest places on Earth.

It is an area where it practically does not rain but where there is water because these rivers, at least annually, provide a flow from the rains that occur in the Andes. In such a way that these rivers become oases, thanks to which it is possible to develop agricultural activities. 

Since the Nasca Lines are located in a place where less than one liter/m² of rain falls per year. The terrain is arid, and the composition of the soil, with a high gypsum content mixed with the morning mist and dew, keeps the Earth and stones “attached” to the ground, preventing them from being carried away by the movement of the air. This warm air acts as a cushion that prevents the lines from being erased because it forces the wind to change its direction.

The Nasca culture developed mainly in the valleys of the department of Ica, Peru. Its center was located in Cahuachi, on the left bank of the Rio Grande, in the current province of Nasca.

It is known that water supply played an essential role in their development. In several excavations, small cavities have been found in the geoglyphs in which offerings of agricultural products and marine animals have been found, which had a religious character. Some researchers consider that the drawings of the Nasca Lines were part of a ritual landscape whose purpose was the invocation of water.

The Nasca culture consolidated a remarkable hydraulic technology: building aqueducts, canals, and wells, allowing them to supply water to their cultivated lands permanently.

How did Nasca Lines live in the Past?

Some recent research indicates that the purpose of the Nasca Lines was related to water. A precious asset in the arid lands that form the Peruvian coast. According to these studies, the geoglyphs were not used as an irrigation system or a guide to finding water but as part of a ritual to the gods, an effort to attract much-needed rain.

On this basis, they point out that the representations of animals -some of which are symbols of rain, water, or fertility and have been found in other ancient Peruvian sites and in ceramics- are proof of this.

In 2015, at the 80th annual meeting of the American Society for Archaeology, it was presented that the purpose of the Nazca Lines changed over time. At first, pilgrims on their way to Peruvian temples used the geoglyphs as ritual processional routes. Later, as part of a religious rite, groups would break ceramic pots against the ground at the point where the lines intersected.

How was Agriculture in Nasca Lines?

The Nasca culture was a civilization whose subsistence economy was based on intensive agriculture.

The basis of the economy was agriculture, an activity that was a difficult challenge for the Nazca to overcome due to the geographic characteristics of the region where they developed: a relatively dry climate, little agricultural land, and little water for irrigation.

In this regard, the Italian scholar Antonio Raimondi observed that:

Located in the depths of Nazca, a subterranean waterway runs closer than four or five meters underground – unfortunately, too deep to irrigate its arid land. The river usually is dry throughout most months, yet thanks to remarkable works by the ancient civilization centuries ago; it has been able to sustain life in this otherwise desolate landscape for over ten months annually.

The way the Nasca solved this problem is one of the most admirable achievements of their culture. Applying remarkable hydraulic technology, they built aqueducts, canals, and wells that allowed them to permanently supply water to the cultivated lands, thus developing solid agriculture.

Their crops were: corn, beans, squash, pumpkin, cassava, peanuts, peppers, guava, lucuma, pacae, and cotton. With the latter, they developed their textiles and clothing.

How was Mining in Nasca Lines?

The Nasca culture used gold and silver to make masks, ear flares, nose rings, and other ritual objects decorated by embossing as sheets. These objects were for ceremonial and/or religious uses.

How was the economy of Nasca Lines?

The Nasca people, a Peruvian pre-Columbian civilization on the Pacific coast, developed an advanced economy based on intensive agriculture and fishing. Aqueducts provided irrigation for their cultivated land, while plentiful sea resources were taken advantage of through marine life, such as whales depicted in ceramic artworks. In addition to regional trade exchanging goods like textiles with neighboring societies of Andean culture, such as the Huarpas in the highlands, these ancient South Americans laid down solid foundations that contributed to cultural prosperity in this part of Peru long ago.

How was Daily Life in Nasca Lines?

At the top of the Nasca social pyramid were the principal authorities: lords and priests. These could organize community work and direct complex ceremonial activities. This elite lived in pyramidal buildings, in particular sectors whose rooms were made of adobe and walls covered with a layer of plaster or lime to cover cracks.

At the service of these authorities were many specialized artisans, such as potters and textile makers, astrologers, musicians, and soldiers, who lived in small towns and ceremonial centers, among which Cahuachi was the most important. The warriors in particular, formed a highly respected and feared social class because they were characterized by their strength and pride in both ceramics and textiles.

At the base of the society were the farmers and fishermen, who lived scattered in different parts of the territory. The farmers had almost all of the valleys in this way; they could develop agriculture with more space and fertile land.

The Nasca culture did not have a unified government or a capital but was a grouping of local lordships. These lordships occupied the valleys, at the ends of which were the settlements, since the rest of the territory along each river was dedicated exclusively to agriculture.

These lordships eventually made alliances, the only common bond being religion, in addition to culture. The struggles between them must have been ongoing.

The Nasca were very fond of war. They were always looking for trophy heads and painted their faces imitating the falcon’s spots, as seen in their artistic representations.

It is presumed that the expansion of this culture was military in nature, based on the following facts:

  • The sudden appearance of Nasca ceramics in some sites
  • The existence of fortified cities in the area of Nasca influence
  • The large number of weapons found in the tombs
  • The custom of head-trophies

Their expansion must have been due to the search for new arable land in the face of the desertification process that threatened their territory.

The practice of trophy heads originated in what is now known as Sitio Arqueologico Chavin de Huantar and Paracas cultures. However, it became widespread under the Nasc, so much so that it is even profusely represented in their early ceramics.

It was widely believed that they were war trophies: the victorious warrior had the right to cut off the head of the defeated enemy and turn it into a trophy that he always carried with him. However, the finding of children’s and women’s heads not associated with war contexts has led to the assumption that they could also be practices linked to the cult of fertility.

According to studies carried out in the tombs of Cahuachi and other Nazca sites, Helaine Silverman suggests that approximately 5% of the Nasca inhabitants ended up as trophy heads, which gives us an idea of the enormous diffusion of this practice.

What were the Religious Beliefs in Nasca Lines?

The Nasca civilization performed rituals to the divinities of the sea, the sky, the Earth, fire, water, wind, and the creator God. A significant part of their constructions and elaborations were made for the gods so there would be no droughts, and the canals would not dry up. Their religion was also related to the Nasca Lines, considered an agricultural circle and astronomical calendar by some researchers. Others point out that they were the site of numerous rituals dedicated to their gods. 

Typical Nasca burials were generally individual, inside a shallow pit. In the Middle and Late Nasca periods, burials appeared in deep burial chambers, with lined walls and more outstanding grave goods than in previous periods, suggesting the appearance of powerful elites and more significant social differentiation. At the site of La Muña, in the Palpa Valley, this type of burial chamber has been found associated with ceremonial architecture. Still, unfortunately, it has already been looted and stolen.

The position of the buried person could be flexed or lying down. The angled bodies (fetal position) were wrapped with several shrouds until they formed a bundle, similar to those of the Paracas Culture. Some bundles had a so-called “false head,” a slight bulge in the upper part that simulated a head. The burial was accompanied by various offerings, ma or vessels filled with food, weapons, and clothing accessories such as hats, plumes, and bouquets. 

The importance of the deceased can be determined by the complexity of the chamber’s roof and the number of objects it contains. The tombs of the men and women of the village lack luxury.

A typical Nasca cemetery is located in Chauchilla, 30 km from the city of the same name. It is composed of burial chambers and pits roofed with cane and mud. Unfortunately, it has been plundered intensely, losing much of the information that it kept. 

How is the Past of Nasca Lines presented to the visitors?

The best way the Nasca lines are presented to visitors is written by the BBC (British Broadcasting Corporation) on its web page;

| In the southern Peruvian desert, giant etchings of spiders, whales, people, and trapezoids stretching across 450sqkm have adorned the landscape for 2,000 years.

Preserved naturally by the hot sun and a dry climate, the Nasca Lines have been embedded with mystery ever since the Nazca culture collapsed around 600 AD. 

The ancient Nascas scratched their drawings into the sand by removing rocks from the desert soil.

The manmade wonder resulted from a collection of shapes and pictures only discernable from great heights—the question of why has lingered over these images for centuries.

As more and more is uncovered about the ancient civilization that once lived on this arid coastal plain, the Nasca Lines will continue to intrigue for academics and ordinary people. Travelers to Peru can only hope that preservation efforts can make this archaeological treasure last for generations to come.

Today, the Nasca Lines are a World Heritage Site attracting curious tourists and academics worldwide. But the etchings may be under threat. Nasca’s incredible lines and geoglyphs have been placed on the World Monument Fund’s 2012 Watch list.

As a result, the Ministry of Culture is working on a master plan to regulate tourism and industrial activity in the area. That plan will likely include tactics for responding to flooding caused by El Niño and La Niña climate patterns.

Several tour operators offer trips to Nasca, and a few bill themselves as eco-tourism businesses. Outfitters Eco Service Tours and Sacred Earth Travel offer three-day tours to view the geoglyphs from above and up close on the ground.

Preserving the Nasca Lines should be in the Peruvian government’s best interest. The alluring history of these cryptic lines could have the potential to rival Machu Picchu as a tourist destination.

How is the Preservation of Nasca Lines?

Given the desert’s scarcity of rain, wind, and erosion, the geoglyphs have been preserved well over the centuries.

Unlike other relics worldwide, the Nasca Lines were primarily saved from unintentional destruction, thanks to their location in the desert.

But they are not entirely risk-free.

In 2009, the Nasca Lines suffered the first recorded rain damage in their millennial history. The heavy downpours deposited sand and clay on three fingers of the hand-shaped geoglyph. This makes us consider climate change a risk to be considered for preserving this World Heritage Site.

Five years later, Greenpeace’s environmental group damaged an area near the hummingbird geoglyph. Activists disturbed the top layer of rocks next to the hummingbird figure when they trampled the forbidden area of the desert to put up a large sign promoting renewable energy.

In 2018, a truck driver who got lost on the Pan American highway was arrested after he drove over a portion of the Nasca Lines, etching deep scars in an area approximately 100 feet by 330 feet (about 50 meters by 100 meters). The damage caused by the truck driver renewed calls for increased security and site surveillance.

Is there a modern town of Nasca Lines?

Nasca is a Peruvian city, the capital of the district of the same name, located in the province of Nasca in the department of Ica. Geographically, it is situated on the right bank of the Aja River, a tributary of the Rio Grande, in a valley 520 meters above sea level 439 km south of Lima.

It is a very vibrant city thanks to the many visitors arriving daily to see the Nasca Lines and its surroundings’ mining, agricultural, and commercial development.

Its population is approximately 50,000 inhabitants.

Do Nasca Lines have a No-fly Zone?

In Peru, overflight is prohibited in restricted areas, such as the Government Palace, military zones, airports, archeological sites (including the Nasca lines), and protected natural areas, unless authorized by the corresponding entities.

What are the prominent historical landmarks in Nasca?

Among the main places of historical interest in Nasca, in addition to the lines themselves, we consider the following areas to visit:

  • Plaza de Armas is the central square of Nasca, where several hotels and restaurants are located. There is also a museum of the same name, which exhibits mostly ceramics of the ancient Nasca culture. 

Conveniently located a short distance from the small Maria Reiche Neuman airport, which usually handles tourist traffic, it is the liveliest place in town.

  • Cahuachi is a citadel and ceremonial center of the ancient Nasca culture. There, we can find two staggered adobe pyramids.
  • Chauchilla Cemetery: It is a pre-Inca necropolis. Some sources relate it to the ancient Huari Culture and others to the Nasca Culture. In the cemetery, you can see pottery fragments, textiles, and mummies.
  • The Nasca culture built the Aqueducts of Cantalloc, and they work until today. Demonstrating the technological advances in hydraulic engineering that the Nasca civilization had. More than 40 aqueducts were built, which were used throughout the year to develop efficient agriculture and meet the needs of its population.

Is Nasca Lines a UNESCO World Heritage Site?

Since 1994, the Nasca Lines have been considered a UNESCO World Heritage Site. 

What is the contribution of Nasca Lines to Tourism in Peru?

Every year, more than one hundred thousand people visit the Nasca Lines. The lines are important for the province of Nasca, as they generate employment and a great deal of fluidity in the local economy.

According to National Geographic, preserving the Nasca Lines should become a priority for the Peruvian government. This is because, according to an American scientific publication, this great work has all the potential to rival Machu Picchu as a tourist destination.

Are the Nazca Lines in danger?

The Nasca Lines are in danger of disappearing in our lifetimes. Despite having survived thousands of years, the Lines could easily be swept away by a major storm, a risk in the age of climate change.

However, humans are the greatest threat to the Nasca Lines: urbanization, road construction, and modernity are more severe threats than any other natural reason.

The best-known case of damage caused by human actions to the Nasca Lines occurred in 2014 when twelve Greenpeace activists illegally entered a 40m2 area where the Colibri geoglyph is located. In this space, 45 yellow canvases were placed with the message “Time for Change! The future is renewable, Greenpeace”. 

The events occurred during the UN Climate Conference held in Peru that year.

In 2015, the executive director of Greenpeace International, Kumi Naidoo, acknowledged that the activity was a mistake. “Greenpeace should never have done the activity in the Nazca lines,” he assured and affirmed that they would repair the damage.

Is Nasca Lines floated in the Past?

The Nasca lines did not float in the Past.

The Nasca Lines are located where less than one liter/m² of rain falls annually. As this is an arid terrain, the composition of the soil, with a high gypsum content mixed with the morning dew, keeps the dirt and stones “attached” to the ground, preventing them from being dragged by the movement of the air.

 This hot air is a cushion that prevents the lines from blurring because it forces the wind to change its direction.

How many Artifacts exist in Nasca Lines?

To date, more than 1,500 geoglyphs are known to have been crafted by the ancient Nazca culture.

 These geometric drawings and figures extend over 400 square kilometers in southern Peru. The figures are up to 1.9 kilometers long, and the lines are up to 10 kilometers.

Currently, in December 2022, new drawings and figures continue to appear. There are many theories about why the Nazca people could have been drawn these lines

Some Sample Artifacts from Nasca Lines?

Below is a list of the artifacts in the Nasca lines;

Hummingbird Figure – Nasca Lines

The figure of the Hands – Nasca Lines

The figure of the spider – Nasca Lines 

Monkey Figure – Nasca Lines

Nasca Culture Textiles  

Mug with pelican motifs – Nasca Culture.

What are the movies about Nasca Lines?

Several films, reports, and documentaries have been made about the Nasca Lines. Some have been productions made with all the seriousness and rigor in the information of National Geographic, as well as other works made solely for entertainment, as is the case of Indiana Jones and the Crystal Skull and the soon-to-be-released movie Transformers: The Awakening of the Beasts. 

1 – The documentary series ‘The Nazca Lines’, was produced by Edge West Production in association with National Geographic Television for National Geographic Channel. 

2- BBC News report – Skydivers’ 8,800ft jump over Peru’s Nazca lines

3 – Indiana Jones and the Crystal Skull (2008). Indiana Jones makes one of his last adventures in Peru. During his stay in the country of the Incas, he visits Cusco and the ancient Nasca lines.

4 – Transformers: Awakening of the Beasts. (2023). So far, the last great confrontation between Autobots and Decepticons takes place in Peru, in some of its most ancient peoples famous historical and millenary places.

Who are the famous people who visited Nasca Lines?

Among the essential explorers, scientists, archaeologists, and researchers who have worked in the Nasca Lines, we can consider the Spanish Pedro Cieza de León (in the XVI century), the Peruvian Toribio Mejía Xesspe, the North Americans Paul Kosok and John Reinhard (the latter is a recognized member of National Geographic), the German Maria Reiche and the Japanese Masato Sakai.

From the world of fiction, the movie hero Indiana Jones (represented by Harrison Ford) lived adventures in the Nasca Lines that we were lucky enough to see in the movie “Indiana Jones and the Crystal Skull”. The movie’s filming took place in the USA, but, as an anecdote and from fantasy, great Indiana once again saved the world, in this case, from Nasca.

Unlike Indiana Jones, who did visit the Nasca Lines, and filmed scenes of his new movie in Peru, were the Autobots. Their next confrontation against the evil Decepticons takes place in Peruvian territory: Nasca, Cusco, and the Amazon jungle. In 2023 we will see them in Transformers: Awakening of the Beasts.

What is the address and contact information for Evolution Treks Peru?

 Evolution Treks Peru is located in Calle Chile Q-17, Cusco Peru. 

What are some popular tours in Peru offered by Evolution Treks Peru?

Evolution Treks  Peru offers a variety of popular tours in Peru that cater to different preferences and budgets. Here are a few examples: 1. Classic Tour: Mysterious Nazca Lines and Machu PicchuDuration: 7 days / 6 nightsHighlights: Lima, Ica, Paracas, Nazca, Cusco, Sacred Valley, Machu PicchuThis tour takes you to explore the enigmatic Nazca Lines, witness the breathtaking beauty of Machu Picchu, and discover the rich cultural heritage of Cusco and the Sacred Valley. 2. Classic Tour: Peru Magic; Duration: 12 days / 11 nightsHighlights: Lima, Ica, Paracas, Nazca, Arequipa, Colca Canyon, Puno, Lake Titicaca, Cusco, Sacred Valley, Machu PicchuDiscover the true magic of Peru with this comprehensive tour. This tour promises an unforgettable journey from the mysterious Nazca Lines and the mesmerizing landscapes of Colca Canyon to the captivating beauty of Lake Titicaca and the iconic Machu Picchu. 3. Luxury Tour: Mysteries from the Air; Duration: 9 days / 8 nightsHighlights: Lima, Ica, Paracas, Nazca, Cusco, Sacred Valley, Machu Picchu. Embark on a luxury adventure that combines the charm of Peru’s ancient wonders with exclusive aerial experiences. This tour features visits to the Nazca Lines, Machu Picchu, and other sacred sites while offering unique opportunities to witness the mystique of Peru from the air. These are just a few examples of the popular tours offered by Evolution Treks Peru. Whether you’re seeking classic cultural exploration or a luxurious adventure, they have a diverse range of tours that cater to different interests and travel styles.

Nazca Lines Peru Guide: Tours, Hiking, Maps, Buildings, Facts, and History

Miguel is a professional tour guide from Cusco, Peru, with almost 20 years of experience leading tours and a deep knowledge of Peru’s cultural and ecological diversity. He is also an advocate of ecotourism and cultural sensitivity and has lectured on these topics in the US and Europe. He co-founded Evolution Treks Peru, a worker-owned travel company based in Cusco.

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Nazca spider

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Nazca Lines

Nazca & Around

Spread over 500 sq km (310 sq mi) of arid, rock-strewn plain in the Pampa Colorada (Red Plain), the Nazca Lines are one of the world's great archaeological mysteries. Comprising over 800 straight lines, 300 geometric figures (geoglyphs) and 70 animal and plant drawings (biomorphs), the lines are almost imperceptible on the ground. From above, they form a striking network of stylized figures and channels, many of which radiate from a central axis.

The figures are mostly etched out in single continuous lines, while the encompassing geoglyphs form perfect triangles, rectangles or straight lines running for several kilometers across the desert.

The lines were made by the simple process of removing the dark sun-baked stones from the surface of the desert and piling them up on either side of the lines, thus exposing the lighter, powdery gypsum-laden soil below. The most elaborate designs represent animals, including a 180m-long lizard, a monkey with an extravagantly curled tail, and a condor with a 130m (426ft) wingspan. There's also a hummingbird, a spider and an intriguing owl-headed person on a hillside, popularly referred to as an astronaut because of its goldfish-bowl shaped head, though some believe it's a priest with a mystical owl's head.

Endless questions remain. Who constructed the lines and why? And how did they know what they were doing when the lines can only be properly appreciated from the air? Maria Reiche (1903–98), a German mathematician and long-time researcher of the Lines, theorized that they were made by the Paracas and Nazca cultures between 900 BC and AD 600, with some additions by the Wari settlers from the highlands in the 7th century. She also claimed that the Lines were an astronomical calendar developed for agricultural purposes, and that they were mapped out through the use of sophisticated mathematics (and a long rope). However, the handful of alignments Reiche discovered between the sun, stars and lines were not enough to convince scholars.

Later, English documentary maker Tony Morrison hypothesized that the Lines were walkways linking huacas (sites of ceremonial significance). A slightly more surreal suggestion from explorer Jim Woodman was that the Nazca people knew how to construct hot-air balloons and that they did, in fact, observe the lines from the air. Or, if you believe author George Von Breunig, the Lines formed a giant running track.

A more down-to-earth theory, given the value of water in the sun-baked desert, was suggested by anthropologist Johann Reinhard, who believed that the Lines were involved in mountain worship and a fertility/water cult. Recent work by the Swiss-Liechtenstein Foundation (SLSA; www.slsa.ch) agrees that they were dedicated to the worship of water, and it is thus ironic that their theory about the demise of the Nazca culture suggests that it was due not to drought but to destructive rainfall caused by a phenomenon such as El Niño.

About the only thing that is certain is that when the Nazca set about turning their sprawling desert homeland into an elaborate art canvas, they also began a debate that will keep archaeologists busy for many decades, if not centuries to come.

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Lonely Planet's must-see attractions

Aqueductos de Cantalloc

Aqueductos de Cantalloc

About 4km southeast of town are the 30-plus underground Cantalloc Aqueducts, many of which are still in working order and are essential in irrigating the…

Chauchilla Cemetery

Chauchilla Cemetery

22.45 MILES

The most popular excursion from Nazca, this cemetery, 28km south of Nazca, will satisfy any urges you have to see ancient bones, skulls and mummies…

Palpa Lines

Palpa Lines

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On the east side of town, this excellent archaeological museum has an aqueduct running through the back garden, as well as interesting reproductions of…

Mirador

You’ll get only a sketchy idea of the Lines at this lookout on the Panamericana Sur 20km north of Nazca, which has an oblique view of three figures: the…

Museo Maria Reiche

Museo Maria Reiche

When Maria Reiche, the German mathematician and long-term researcher of the Nazca Lines, died in 1998, her house, which stands 5km north of the mirador …

Cahuachi

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Paredones Ruins

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Nearby Nazca & Around attractions

1 . Museo Maria Reiche

2 . Mirador

3 . Palpa Lines

4 . Cahuachi

5 . Nazca Planetarium

15.08 MILES

This small planetarium is in the DM Nazca Hotel and offers scripted evening lectures on the Lines with graphical displays on a domed projection screen…

6 . Museo Didáctico Antonini

7 . Paredones Ruins

8 . Aqueductos de Cantalloc

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Home » Discovering the Mysteries of Nazca Lines: A Complete Guide

Discovering the Mysteries of Nazca Lines: A Complete Guide

  • 10 May, 2023
  • by Oliver Eberlein
  • Reading time: 14 minutes

Discovering the Mysteries of Nazca Lines: A Complete Guide

Researchers, tourists, and conspiracy theorists have all been astonished and interested by the Nazca Lines for many years. More than 2,000 years ago, these large geoglyphs were carved into the ground of the Peruvian desert and show a wide range of shapes, including animals, plants, and geometric patterns. Even after much research, the meaning and purpose of these lines are still unknown.

In this guide, we’ll dive deep into the history and discovery of the Nazca lines, how you can get there, when is the best time to visit and much more. Let’s begin!

The Basics of Nazca Lines

What are the nazca lines and where are they located.

street with cars next to geoglyphs

The Nazca Lines are a group of prehistoric geoglyphs that may be found in southern Peru’s Nazca Desert. Between 500 BCE and 500 CE, the Nazca civilization produced these amazing artworks, which span an area of nearly 80 square kilometers.

The geoglyphs feature hundreds of diverse patterns, including geometric shapes, geometric creatures, and flora.

Since many of the patterns are so big, it is only possible to fully appreciate them from the air, which has generated a lot of discussion about their significance and intended use. One of the most stunning archaeological wonders in the world, the Nazca Lines are a UNESCO World Heritage Site .

There are many things to discover during your trip to Nazca , regardless of whether you’re interested in culture, history or the exciting sites.

What Are the Typical Tours That Include the Nazca Lines?

There are numerous tour choices that include a stop at the Nazca Lines. A day trip from Lima is a well-liked choice and typically takes 12 to 14 hours. It normally involves a flight above the geoglyphs and some free time to explore Nazca.

white small plane is flying over nazca lines

Another choice is to add the Nazca Lines within a longer Peru itinerary that also visits Ica and Arequipa. These trips extend several days and may include excursions to other nearby sights in addition to a fly over the geoglyphs.

Feel free to contact us if you are interested in adding this trip to your customized tour itinerary.

What Are the Different Types of Shapes That You Can See From Above?

The Nazca Lines are well-known for their complex and varied patterns, which comprise a vast variety of shapes that can only be completely understood from above. Animals like birds, monkeys, and fish as well as geometric patterns like spirals, triangles, and trapezoids are some of the most popular designs. Other patterns feature forests, flowers, and human beings.

different signs etched in the desert

The Nazca Spider, a gigantic spider with a length of almost 50 meters (164 ft), is one of the most well-known creations. Another well-liked motif is the hummingbird, which has elaborate wings and a large beak. The Nazca Condor is another remarkable design, with an astonishing wingspan of 130 meters (426 ft). That sounds incredible, doesn’t it?

The Nazca Lines also have countless straight lines and shapes that crisscross the desert landscape in addition to these more intricate patterns. The Nazca people are believed to have utilized these lines for ceremonial and astronomical purposes.

In turn, this leads to the next question…

How Were the Lines Created and How Have They Survived the Centuries?

Experts debate on the precise process that produced the Nazca Lines, but it is generally accepted that the lines were made by scraping out the dark-colored stones with iron oxide coatings that blanket the Nazca desert’s surface.

Due to the exposure of the lighter-colored sand beneath, the lines and shapes are formed by the contrast in color. Long ropes and sticks, as well as other basic materials, were probably utilized by the ancient Nazca people to create the artwork.

different elements in the desert

The Nazca desert’s dry, windless climate has allowed the Nazca Lines to endure for more than 2,000 years. This has helped in maintaining the lines and protecting them from erosion and other types of harm.

The Nazca people’s ability to live in harmony with nature and preserve the surrounding area is also thought to have contributed to the Nazca Lines’ long-term survival. To safeguard the geoglyphs from deterioration brought on by human activity, precautions are now taken, such as restricting access to the area and prohibiting flights over the lines.

Nowadays, the shapes are part of Peruvian culture and traditions and can be seen in different variations, such as artwork, marketing materials representing Peru and more.

Visiting the Nazca Lines

How you can see the nazca lines today.

Without a doubt, seeing the Nazca Lines is a unique and remarkable experience. The lines themselves are best seen from the air, but you can also explore the nearby desert and discover more about the Nazca people’s history and culture.

A picturesque flight from the close town of Nazca is the best way to see the lines. Several tour operators arrange 30-minute flights that provide you with a bird’s-eye view of the Nazca Lines.

monkey geoglyph etched in the earth

You can view the numerous geoglyphs, such as the well-known hummingbird, monkey, and spider, as well as the miles-long geometric patterns and lines. Did you know that a flight over the Nazca lines is one of the top things to do in Peru ?

There are also observation towers and viewing platforms that provide a closer perspective of some of the lines for travelers who would rather stay on the ground. You can also visit different museums nearby that offer details on the Nazca Lines and their cultural relevance.

While the Nazca Lines are a well-known tourist attraction, it’s essential to remember that they are fragile, so you should show respect and follow the guidelines from your tour guide. It is technically forbidden to walk or drive on the lines, therefore in order to preserve this historic marvel for future generations, you should stay on the trails and view places that have been set aside for them.

How to Get To Nazca

road next to nazca lines

Even though it’s not the easiest place to get to, it’s definitely worth the trip to see one of the most amazing archaeological wonders in the world. Here are the most common ways for travelers to get to Nazca.

The most popular and cheapest way to travel between Lima and Nazca is by bus. Daily services between the two cities are provided by a number of bus operators; the trip takes 6 to 8 hours.  The most well-known bus company is Cruz del Sur. To guarantee a seat on the bus, it is recommended to purchase tickets in advance, especially during busy travel times.

There are daily flights from Lima to Nazca for those who would choose a quicker and more convenient route. Numerous airlines, especially Sky Airline and LATAM, operate flights that last around an hour.

It’s not a recommended option as it is a 16-18 hour journey and you will feel very exhausted after it. Since there isn’t a direct bus route, you must first take a bus from Cusco to Arequipa before changing to a bus for the remaining leg to Nazca.

There is no direct flight from Cusco to Nazca and it typically involves a layover in Lima. The length of the layover and total flight time depends on the airline, but it typically takes between 2 – 3 hours.

From Arequipa

There are daily bus connections between the two cities offered by several bus companies; the trip takes 9 to 10 hours. The most popular bus companies are Civa, Oltursa and Cruz del Sur. To secure a seat on the bus, it is advisable to buy tickets in advance, especially during peak travel times.

Currently, there are no direct flights connecting Arequipa and Nazca. The majority of flights between Arequipa and Nazca stop in Lima, and the length of the layover and the particular airline can affect the overall trip time. Depending on the flight’s route and other considerations, the total travel time from Arequipa to Nazca might be anywhere from 4 and 8 hours or more.

Tips for Visiting Nazca

When is the best time to visit the nazca lines.

The dry season, which typically runs from May to November, is the ideal time to explore Nazca, which is one of the must-visit cities in Peru . The average high and low temperatures during this time are 27°C (81°F) and 15°C (59°F). It’s the ideal time of year to view the Nazca Lines from the air or from a viewing tower because the weather is sunny and dry.

different elements and signs etched in the earth

In contrast, Nazca has its wet season from December to April, when average high temperatures range from 25°C (77°F) to 14°C (57°F). It can be difficult to visit the area during this season because the desert terrain can get muddy and challenging to navigate.

Additionally, landslides and flooding from heavy rains can make the area dangerous to travel through.

What to Pack for Your Trip to Nazca

To ensure a safe and unforgettable experience, it’s important to pack the right things with you before visiting the Nazca Lines. Here are a few recommendations:

  • Sun protection : Due to the hot and unforgiving weather of the desert, it’s important to pack sunscreen, a hat, sunglasses and a bottle for water.
  • Solid footwear: You’ll be walking on uneven ground, so wear strong, supportive shoes.
  • Light and breathable clothes: The climate in Nazca is hot and dry..
  • Camera/cell phone: To capture your unique moments.
  • Medicine for motion sickness : If you are prone to motion sickness, make sure to take some medicine so that you can enjoy the flight.

Tours in Nazca

Nazca is very well-known for the mysterious Nazca Lines, which are geoglyphs that date back to between 500 BCE and 500 CE. While seeing the Nazca Lines is the primary attraction, you may also do other outdoor activities or discover more ruins closeby.

On our Peru destination page you can learn more about Nazca and all the things that you can do there. As mentioned at the beginning, a flight above the Nazca Lines is the highlight and offers an unmatched view of the geoglyphs from above. The flights leave from the Maria Reiche Neuman Airport.

desert dunes close to nazca

The Museo Antonini has a remarkable collection of artifacts and displays that highlight the history and customs of the Nazca people for those of you who are interested in the indigenous way of life. A dune buggy tour in the desert is another option for you, as it is a route to the highest sand dune in the world, Cerro Blanco , which lies closeby.

In general, Nazca provides you with a range of tours and activities to enjoy, from cultural encounters to outdoor adventures.

How Long Should You Stay In Nazca?

Despite being a small town, Nazca has enough attractions to keep you busy for a while. A trip to the Chauchilla Cemetery , a flight over the Nazca Lines and some time spent learning about the local way of life are typical stops on a normal itinerary. Most travelers stay in Nazca for one day (or one night), which is long enough to see all the major sights and still have time to unwind and take in the culture.

different skulls in the desert

The length of time you spend in Nazca ultimately depends on your specific interests and traveling preferences. In case you need more inspiration for your trip, feel free to take a look at our different Peru tours that will inspire you.

If you only have a day, you can visit the main sights from Lima or Arequipa. However, if you have some extra time, staying longer in Nazca will enable you to fully appreciate the town’s unique characteristics and charm.

Theories About the Purpose of the Nazca Lines

What are the most popular theories about why the nazca lines were created.

Numerous hypotheses have been put out on the function and significance of the Nazca Lines, which have long been the topic of fascination and speculative interest. Scientific theories say that the lines were drawn for astronomical and calendrical purposes because many of the patterns match the motions of the sun, moon, and stars.

The long straight lines, for instance, may have served as a marker for the solstices and equinoxes. According to other researchers, the Nazca people lacked the sophisticated astronomical understanding required to create such precise alignments.

elements etched in the desert and view on mountains

The lines may have been drawn for religious or ritualistic purposes, and the Nazca people may have used them to communicate with their gods or ancestors. This is according to one scientific theory and is supported by the patterns’ integration of animal and plant themes, which the Nazca people may have seen as having spiritual meaning.

More speculative theories believe that the Nazca Lines were created by aliens or are the ruins of former runways used by advanced airplanes. The majority of archaeologists do not agree with these claims because there is no hard evidence to back them up.

The Discovery and Preservation of the Nazca Lines

When a commercial aircraft started flying over the Nazca desert in the late 1920s, passengers reported seeing weird lines and formations on the ground below. This is when the Nazca Lines were first made known to the outside world.

Paul Kosok , an archaeologist, visited the region in 1939 and started examining the lines, thinking that they were connected to astronomy. The Nazca Lines, however, didn’t start to receive considerable notice and study until the 1940s and 1950s.

geoglyphs etched in the ground and surrounded by hills

As mentioned before, the Nazca Lines are now a UNESCO World Heritage property and are under Peruvian government protection. Restricting access to the lines themselves and encouraging responsible tourism practices are just two of the measures taken to protect the lines and stop damage from tourism and other human activity.

The fragile designs are in danger of being damaged or destroyed by erosion, climate change, and other things, thus maintaining the lines has proven to be a difficult issue.

Discover the Cultural Treasure of the Nazca Lines

In summary, the Nazca Lines are a mysterious and interesting cultural treasure that has captured the attention of people all over the world. The lines are composed of complex geometric patterns and animal motifs that are best seen from above.

Scientists and archaeologists have proposed astrological and religious hypotheses concerning their creation, but their purpose and meaning remain a matter of discussion and conjecture. A trip to the Nazca Lines is a once-in-a-lifetime event that provides insight into the ancient cultures and societies that created them, whether seen from a plane or an observation tower.

Overall, the Nazca Lines serve as a reminder of our continued curiosity with the past and the ongoing influence of earlier societies. For that reason, we recommend you include this site in your Peru itinerary.

If you need more help creating the Peru tour of your dreams feel free to send us a mail to [email protected] .

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Diane C29 10 July, 2023 at 7:15 am

The Nazca lines sound like an incredible adventure! Super interesting how they got built and thanks for sharing some helpful information on whats the best way to see them. I think we will add them to our itinerary for September.

Oliver from Exploor 10 July, 2023 at 10:15 am

Hey Diane, thanks for your comment. It really is a unique adventure and we definitely recommend it if you’re into this. Feel free to contact us at [email protected] and one of our travel experts will get back to you in case you have any questions.

All the best for you, Oliver

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Discovering the Mysteries of Nazca Lines: A Complete Guide

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The hummingbird, one of the many massive geoglyphs that make up the famous Nazca Lines.

The mysterious Nazca Lines and Paracas are must-see highlights in the southern desert region of Peru. Browse our complete Nazca destination guide for interesting historical insights, top attractions, and travel tips.

Homebase for Nazca Lines tours, the city of Nazca (also spelled Nasca or Naska) is usually a quick stopover on the overland route between Lima and the Andes of Peru. But for travelers seeking full immersion into the mysteries of South America’s most puzzling archaeological site, a longer stay is in order.

The main thing to do in Nazca is to embark on a flight tour. After that, enjoy a small collection of museums and archaeological sites that delve into Nazca culture. Visit the Maria Reiche Museum, the Cantalloc aqueducts, and book a spot for the evening show at the Nazca Planetarium.

Climate & Weather

High temperatures and extreme aridity characterize the desert region of Nazca. With annual precipitation around 4mm, rainfall is almost nonexistent throughout the year, making this area between the Pacific Ocean and the Peruvian Andes one of the driest deserts in South America.

Summer in the southern hemisphere extends from December to March. For the city of Nazca, this means a lot of sunshine and daytime highs of 90°F (32°C). Winter months from May to September experience slightly lower daytime highs of around 80°F (27°C) and cooler nighttime lows 55°F (13°C).

The Humboldt Current and the El Niño Oscillation System are key elements in the region’s geography and climate. Flowing up the Pacific coast from Antarctica, the cold water current cools air temperatures. This prevents the accumulation of moisture and results in minimal rainfall. These dry, windless conditions have also been key in the preservation of the Nazca Lines over thousands of years.

Best Time to Visit

The desert weather and nearly zero rainfall make Nazca a year-round destination for travelers intent on getting a glimpse of the Nazca Lines. The high season is from December to March when it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

Flights over the Nazca Lines take off as early as 7 am to continue throughout the day. Usually, wind conditions and visibility make mornings the best time to fly over.

Geography & Map

  • The city of Nazca in the Ica region of Peru is situated on a coastal plain about 280 miles (450 kilometers) south of Lima. The surrounding desert is fairly flat until it meets the western ridges of the Andes Mountains. East of Nazca city, Cerro Blanco reaches an elevation of 6,820 ft (2,078 m) and is one of the world’s tallest dunes.
  • Elevation 1,710 ft (520 m) Population: ~ 40,000

The pre-Inca Nazca culture flourished in Peru’s river valleys of the Rio Grande and Ica, and are most famous for the Nazca Lines, ancient geoglyphs etched into the hard desert floor between 200 BC and 500 AD. (The Nazca culture was directly descended from the Paracas culture.)

Scientific understanding of the lines of Nazca is still very limited. Since their discovery in 1927 by Peruvian archaeologist Toribio Mejia Xesspe, who believed the lines were sacred roads, researchers have sought answers to lingering queries: Why were they constructed? Were aliens involved?

peru tourism nazca lines

In 1939, US scholar Paul Kosok first observed the now-famous geoglyphs when he hired a plane to take him over the abounding desert terrain while investing irrigation systems nearby. Finding that some of the Nazca geoglyphs align with the winter solstice and constellations, Kosok called the lines “the world’s largest astronomical book.”

German mathematician Dr. Maria Reiche took over the study of the lines from her mentor Kosok. For the next five decades, she devoted her life to deciphering the enigma of the geoglyphs. She proposed that Nazca Lines were a very complex system of agrarian calendars and sites of astronomical observations that allowed the Nazca culture to thrive in an otherwise hostile environment. She wrote a seminal study of the Nazca Lines titled The Mystery of the Desert in 1949.

peru tourism nazca lines

Another more colorful contributing theory about the Nazca Lines was offered by science-fiction writer Erich von Daniken who suggested the lines were airstrips for alien spacecraft.

The perplexing riddle of the Nazca Lines caught the attention of UNESCO and in 1994 they were declared an Archaeological World Heritage Site. The debate regarding the significance of the lines rages on, generating more questions than answers. But one must also acknowledge that the lingering mystery is part of the appeal.

Nazca Lines

The Nazca Lines extend across a surface area of 175 square miles (450 square kilometers). There are two main groups of lines, the first and most famous near Nazca city, and the second further north near Palpa. The shapes create the outlines of seventy animal and plant shapes, plus a hodgepodge of geometric designs such as swirls, rectangles, straight lines, and trapezoids.

Among the most famous Lines are the Hummingbird, Monkey, and Spider found near the town of Nazca. The so-called Nazca Lines Astronaut has received a lot of attention because of its resemblance to an extraterrestrial. Maria Reiche suggested the symbol represents a shaman, a religious and spiritual leader. Their role was to mediate between the deities represented on the ground and the agrarian cycles Nazca people intended to decipher.

peru tourism nazca lines

The enormous scale of these ancient lines boggles the mind and suggests highly complex geometric calculations and an even more sophisticated system of cords to trace the lines and draw figures. The Monkey, for instance, measures 277 feet (84.5 meters) from outstretched arm to twirled tail – that’s approximately three-quarters the length of an official FIFA soccer field! Consequently, the best way to admire the Nazca Lines is from a low-flying aircraft.

Curiously, the Nazca Lines have resisted significant erosion over the years because they exist in one of the driest spots on earth with very limited rainfall that might wash away the remains. Today encroaching squatters in the region pose the largest threat to the preservation of the lesser-known Nazca Lines.

Things to Do

peru tourism nazca lines

This eatery serves a variety of foods in a rustic setting decorated with woven chairs and features a thatched roof. Come for dinner and enjoy live music played daily.

Bolognesi 290, Nazca | website

A reasonably-priced restaurant with a varied menu (set lunch specials), a great selection of wine, and a delicious Pisco Sour. Local art adorns the walls of this Nazca restaurant and English-speaking staff will make you feel welcome.

Calle Lima 160, Nazca | website

La Maison Blanche

Casual cafe serving breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Also enjoy fresh fruit juices, coffee, and wifi all day long.

Bolognesi 388, Nazca | website

Mamashana Cafe-Restaurant

Sample Peruvian classics such as lomo saltado and pasta dishes. A vegetarian menu is available. A great option in Nazca city just a few blocks from the Plaza de Armas.

Avenida Bolognesi 270, Nazca | website

Enjoy breakfast or lunch at this cozy cafe close to the roundabout where long-distance buses stop. The menu includes waffles, sandwiches, burgers, fruit juices, coffee, and desserts. Best of all, there’s wifi.

Calle Lima 168A, Nazca | website

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Travel Tips

How to get to nazca from lima.

The town of Nazca is connected to Lima by the Panamerican Highway. Taking the bus from Lima to Nazca is easy and takes between six and seven hours. There is no commercial airline service between Lima and Nazca. The small airport in Nazca, Aeropuerto Maria Reiche Neuman, is a few miles outside the city but it’s mostly used for flight tours.

Total distance from Lima (Miraflores district) to Nazca: ~300 mi (~480 km)

Nazca Flyover Tour Tip

Seasoned pilots fly at tilted angles and in tight circles to give passengers the best views of the Nazca Lines. This jerky movement, paired with some turbulence, can definitely make you feel queasy. It’s best to plan ahead and bring a motion sickness patch or remedy for your flyover tour. If you tend to get motion sick, consider skipping a flight and opt instead to learn about the giant glyphs on a tour to the Maria Reiche Museum and Observation Tower.

Nazca and the Ica region are fairly safe and travelers are advised to take precautionary measures in Nazca as well as other South American destinations. Only carry what you’ll need for your daily outing and leave extra cash, bank cards, and valuables in your hotel room lock box. At night, stick to well lit, populated streets.

The biggest “threats” are the touts in front of the bus station who are always looking to arrange hotels and tours at exorbitant prices. It’s best not to deal with them at all.

We don’t recommend hailing a taxi from the street. Instead, have your hotel receptionist arrange a safe taxi ride for you to get around quickly or call a ride on your phone using Uber, Beat, or Easy Taxi.

Featured Blog Articles

How to visit the nazca lines in peru.

Visit Peru’s geoglyphs – some as large as 900 feet – chiseled onto the dry, canvas-like desert of Nazca.

Read more »

A visit to Peru’s mysterious Nazca Lines

Peru is home to perhaps one of the world’s greatest mysteries, the Nazca Lines.

Where is Nazca? Where are the Nazca Lines?

The city of Nazca, Peru is located about a 280-mile (450-km) drive south of the country’s capital of Lima. The most famous group of Lines are near Nazca city, and the others are north near Palpa.

What are the Nazca Lines?

The lines of Nazca are ancient drawings that have been etched in the Nazca desert of Peru. Today, the Lines and Geoglyphs of Nazca are a UNESCO World Heritage Center and one of the country’s most popular archaeological sites. Using artificial technology, a team of scientists have found more than 140 new Nazca Lines , including glyphs of humans, animals, and abstract shapes etched in the Peruvian desert floor.

Why are the Nazca Lines a mystery?

A lot about the history of the Nazca Lines remains unknown and the question of why the ancient Nazca culture created figures that could only be fully appreciated from high above the land - in a time long before the first airplane - is a mystery that has fueled many theories. Even the most plausible hypotheses are inconclusive, and the more colorful alternative proposals are downright entertaining.

How many days do I need to visit the Nazca Lines?

You need one to two days to visit the Nazca Lines. There are two main ways to fit the Nazca Lines into your itinerary.

  • Day 1: Lima to Paracas by car/bus and then go to the Pisco airport for a Nazca Lines flight, overnight in Paracas
  • Day 2: Ballestas Islands tour, option for Paracas National Reserve tour, return to Lima
  • Option 2 is as part of a longer overland trip across southern Peru. There are multiple ways to split the trip. It is possible to arrive on an overnight bus (from Paracas or Lima), fly over the lines, and continue to your next destination in the evening. You can also stay one to two nights in Nazca city to explore archaeological sites and museums.

When is the best time for flights over the Nazca Lines?

Flights over the Nazca Lines operate from 7 am to around 4 pm daily. Usually, wind conditions and visibility are better in the morning.

Are Nazca flights safe?

Nazca is swarming with tour representatives eager to sell Nazca Lines fights for a good rate. Before booking a trip with just any local airline, be sure to double-check their safety regulations and reputation.

Safety is of utmost importance for our Nazca Lines flyover provider. Pilots are highly experienced and complete yearly simulator training. Each Cessna aircraft is modern, undergoes regular maintenance, and complies with safety regulations and policies issued by the Directorate General of Civil Aviation, or Dirección General de Aviación Civil (DGAC). A first-aid kit, oxygen system, and fire extinguishers are aboard each aircraft.

Do Nazca Lines flights depart from Lima?

No flyover tours of the Nazca Lines depart from Lima. Flights over the Nazca Lines only depart from small airports in Pisco, Ica, and Nazca.

Besides a flight over, what is there to do in Nazca?

There are a ton of things to do in Nazca to keep you busy for a few days. On a tour to Peru, few can resist the temptation to see one of Peru’s greatest pre-Columbian mysteries. Combine your Nazca Lines flight with a tour to Paracas and the Ballestas Islands, and get an in-depth view of the ancient cultures that preceded the Inca civilization by many centuries. If you’ve got some hours to spare before a bus ride to your next destination, visit the Antonini Museum in Nazca on Avenida La Cultura 600.

Who created the Nazca Lines?

The ancient Nazca civilization etched figures into the desert floor on a scale so large that they’re impossible to see from the ground.

How were the Nazca Lines made?

The size and intricate detail of the geoglyphs suggests highly complex geometric calculations and an even more complex system of cords to trace the lines and draw figures. Experts believe that the lines were made by the Nazca people by removing a top layer of dark red surface stones and revealing the lighter colored soil underneath.

What are geoglyphs?

Geoglyphs are large shapes that have been created by digging into the landscape or arranging natural objects, like stones. The Nazca Lines are ancient geoglyphs and a Peru famous landmark. Another geoglyph along the country’s desert coast in Paracas is called Candelabra.

Is it possible to see the Nazca Lines from space?

Yes, the Nazca Lines are visible from space. In fact, the giant spider and spiral are among the Nazca shapes the Ikonos satellite captured while flying over the Nazca desert.

What does Nazca mean?

The Nazca Lines bear the name of the ancient civilization responsible for creating them. Evidence shows that the Nazca culture flourished in the Ica region of present-day Peru as early as 100 BC. Examples of Nazca ceramics and textiles are on display in the Museo Arqueologico Antonini in Nazca, the Regional Museum in Ica, and the Anthropological and Archaeological Museum in Lima . Between 550 AD and 750 AD, the unity of the Nazca people started to wane as the Wari (or Huari) culture began its ascent, shifting pre-Columbian power from the coast to the Andes.

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The current social context in our country urges us keep offering updated information about the daily events ocurring in our country. We are pleased to inform you that as of today,

  • Visitors to Machu Picchu are entering the archaeological site normally.
  • The railway between Ollantaytambo and Machu Picchu is operating normally.
  • In Cusco, Alejandro Velasco Astete Airport is operating normally.
  • In Arequipa, Alfredo Rodriguez Ballon Airport is operating normally.
  • In Puno, Inca Manco Capac Airport resume operations.
  • The road from Lima to Ica, Paracas and Nazca is open to normal traffic.
  • Lima airport has been operating normally every day.
  • All tour circuits are operating with regularity, passengers have been able to travel without any inconvenience.

Thank you for your preference, Welcome to the magic of Peru.

Nazca Lines Peru

This is a tour full of mystery and excitement. First you will fly over the Nazca Lines, to try to decipher the origin of its creation. Then you will continue to Ballestas Islands, to sail to a refuge of playful sea lions. Finally the visit to Machu Picchu citadel where you will appreciate its beauty, stunning architecture and energy. More

The mysterious Nazca lines, over 2,000 years old, are probably one of the biggest enigmas in Peruvian history. These geoglyphs drawn over hundreds of miles in the desert in the southern area of Peru are riddle yet to be uncovered. A few facts are clear: they are much older than the Inca empire, they were made by the people of the Nazca culture, and they represent a wide range of figures; geometrical like parallel lines, animals like monkey, spiders or birds, flowers or anthropomorphic among others. But how they were carved with such precision over the sand being larger than two or three football fields if the people of the time could fly or have a way to look at them from up above? What do they mean? Some scholars say they are linked to some underwater canals, others think they were related to astronomical views, and some crazy theories even posture that they are related with aliens! A tour to the Nazca lines will challenge your imagination and channel your inner Indiana Jones for sure. We offer you the possibility to fly over them and try to decipher their true meaning. We offer you to depart points from this tour, taking the from Lima or from Paracas, 3 hours away from the capital city but nearer to the destination. Less

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Schedule by Day

  • Upon your arrival, reception at the airport and transfer to the hotel.
  • Overnight at selected hotel at Lima.
  • Our guided visit to Lima allows you to see the Historical Center: Main Square, the Government Palace, the Archbishop's Palace, the City Hall and old streets with colonial mansions and Moorish balconies. You will also visit the historic Santo Domingo Convent , an icon of colonial architecture. The tour goes all the way to modern district of San Isidro and Miraflores, where you’ll appreciate archaeological sites of sacred Inca structures and also, you will observe the Pacific Ocean coast from the vast seafront.
  • Included: Breakfast.
  • Transfer to Lima airport to take the flight to Cusco city.
  • Transfer to the hotel.
  • Visit the city declared a World Heritage Site by Unesco. The tour will start at the temple of Koricancha, an ancient Inca palace where the order of the Dominicans built an incredible church that can still be seen there. Then visit the Main Square, where the Cathedral and the beautiful Church of the Society of Jesus, among other colonial buildings, are located. Continue to the San Cristóbal colonial chruch to enjoy a spectacular view of the city. Afterwards you will go on to the fortress of Sacsayhuaman, an Inca building known for its massive walls of hewn stone, also Qenko and Puca Pucara archaeological complexes.
  • Overnight at selected hotel at Cusco.
  • Half day visit to Ollantaytambo, a military, religious and agricultural center of the Incan Empire. The fortress is located on top of a mountain to allow them to protect the whole valley from invaders. From the highest spot you will be able to appreciate the narrow roads along with the channels that remain unaltered since Incan times.
  • Overnight at selected hotel at Sacred Valley.
  • Breakfast and lunch.
  • Transfer from the hotel to the train station to take the train to Machu Picchu.
  • You will arrive to station in Machu Picchu town, and then you will be transported by bus to Machu Picchu citadel, one of the most renowned examples of the Inca’s architecture, surrounded by an amazing landscape of lush forest. Lost in history, Machu Picchu was not discovered until 1911 by the American explorer Hiram Bingham, but was built in the middle of XV century. At the appointed time, you will return to the station to take your train ride back to the Sacred Valley. From there transfer to Cusco city and to the selected hotel.
  • Transfer from the hotel to the airport to take the flight to Lima.
  • Arrival and transfer to the selected hotel.
  • Transfer to Lima airport.
  • International flight back home.

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  • All excursions with paid entrance fees and specialized guides.
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  • Reception at the airport and transfer to your hotel.
  • Transfer to the bus station.
  • Four hours bus ride to Paracas. Upon arrival transfer to the selected hotel.
  • At appropriate time transfer to the airfield to board a light aircraft and enjoy the flight over Pisco, Ocucaje, Palpa and the amazing Nazca Lines. There you can see a number of geoglyphs, representing stylized pictures of animals and plants, distributed among a huge maze of rects, trapeziums, triangles and spirals carved on the land and preserved for almost 2, 000 years.
  • Overnight at selected hotel at Paracas.
  • Transfer from the hotel to the pier.
  • Departing from Libertador Paracas Hotel's pier, this 2 hour boat ride will lead you to the Ballestas Islands located near Pisco city, in front of the Paracas National Reserve (largest coastal wildlife sanctuary of Peru). These beautiful islands are home of thousands of migratory birds, including: pelicans, tendrils, gulls among others, which share their habitat with huge groups of sea lions and fur seals. During the excursion you will also see the mysterious designing over the hill, called “El Candelabro” (The Chandelier).
  • Transfer to the bus station to take the ride back to Lima.
  • Transfer from the bus station to your hotel.
  • Transfer to the airport.
  • Flight to Cusco.
  • Free afternoon to rest and acclimatize
  • You will start your excursion visiting Maras, located in the province of Urubamba, 46 kilometers West of the city of Cusco. Salt deposits are located Northwest this town. There, you will find the most important salt mines of the region, operated from the Incan times and the viceregal period.
  • Then, you will visit the circular andenes in Moray, created by the Andean man with the looks of an amphitheater.
  • Finally,you will go to Ollantaytambo, military, religious and agricultural center of the Incan Empire. The fortress is located on top of the mountain and allowed them to protect the whole valley from invaders. From the highest spot we will be able to appreciate the narrow roads along with the channels that remain unaltered since Incan times. Lunch will be provided at local restaurant.
  • Transfer to Ollantaytambo train station to take the ride to Machu Picchu town.
  • Overnight at selected hotel at Machu Picchu.
  • Today you will start your Machu Picchu excursion with a private guide. This incredible place is a renowned example of the advanced Inca’s architecture, surrounded by an amazing landscape of lush forest. Lost in history, Machu Picchu was not discovered until 1911 by the American explorer Hiram Bingham, but was built in the middle of XV century. The name of the citadel comes from the Quechua language that means “Old Mountain” and apparently was the principal Inca’s Sanctuary. Enjoy a buffet lunch at Sanctuary lodge.
  • At the appointed time, you will return to the station to take your train ride back to Cusco.
  • Transfer from the train station to the hotel in Cusco.
  • Included: Breakfast, lunch.
  • Get to know the city of Cusco, an UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site and possessor of a style on its own. The tour begins at the Koricancha Temple, an old Incan palace and main center for the worship of the sun god, Inti. Once the Spanish conquered Peru, the Dominican order built a lovely church over top this temple’s foundations: the church of Santo Domingo that is still there today. Your next destination is the Main Square, and then the adventure continues at the Sacsayhuaman Fortress built of enormous stone blocks expertly shaped by the Incas. It is strategically located at the top of a hill overlooking Cusco. What a view of the city! The tour continues with visits to three archeological sites: “Qenko, Puca-Pucara, and Tambomachay”, important religious and administrative centers for the Incas. Finally you will visit an art workshop named “Inkas Expression” that presents artists working on silver pieces and painting in wood. This is an ideal place for the ones who like andean art.
  • Transfer to the airport to take the flight back to Lima
  • Transfer to the airport for your international flight back home.

Accomodation

  • 4 nights of accommodation in Lima at selected hotel.
  • 1 night of accommodation in Paracas at selected hotel.
  • 1 night of accommodation in Sacred Valley at selected hotel.
  • 1 night of accommodation in Machu Picchu at selected hotel.
  • 2 nights of accommodation in Cusco at selected hotel.

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Nazca lines: more to explore.

To complement the Nazca lines tour we suggest you a visit the adjacent aqueducts know as “puquios” called Cantalloc, built about 1500 years ago by the Nazca people to bring water from springs located very far in the mountains into the desert, mainly to help them turn the arid sands of the Nazca desert into green lands to cultivate their most important products such as beans and potatoes, and to provide water for the people of the area. Since they carry water from far away, its builders put wooden roofs over them to keep it clean. So take a tour of the Nazca lines and experience the mysterious history of Peru.

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peru tourism nazca lines

peru tourism nazca lines

Nazca Lines Flights

Take to the skies and discover the incredible Nazca Lines for yourself! Only truly visible from the skies, there’s no better way to take it all in than a flight over the fascinating geoglyphs carved into the surface.

Second slide

Nazca Lines Viewing Tower

If flights aren’t quite your thing, don’t worry! For a small fee you can climb the famous Nazca observation tower. This is a great way to see the lines for yourself on a budget, and is included with some bus companies, like Peru Hop!

Third slide

Chauchilla Cemetery Tours

There is more to Nazca than just the incredible geoglyphs! The unique environment in the Nazca desert makes it perfect for preservation, and the Chauchilla Cemetery is home to a host of mummies, dating back to the time of the Nazca people.

What was the origins of these mysterious carvings? Check out these possible theories as to why they exist!

Check out some of the craziest theories on the mysterious geoglyphs in the heart of the Nazca desert.

Could these massive carvings have been used as some sort of calendar for the Nazca people? Check out the latest theories!

Where to Stay in Nazca

Hostels / b&bs.

Discover the best value for money accommodation in Nazca, don’t miss out!

All the best hostels & B&Bs in so you can make the most of your time the famous city.

peru tourism nazca lines

Lima to Nazca

Want to escape the hustle and bustle of Lima City? Get from the capital to the Nazca Lines, quick!

peru tourism nazca lines

Arequipa to Nazca

Bored of the peaceful Arequipa? Take to the skies for an adrenaline-filled adventure! The fastest way to reach the famous desert city from Arequipa.

peru tourism nazca lines

Cusco to Nazca

Are the Nazca Lines next on your bucket list? Get from Cusco and the famous Machu Picchu to the mysterious desert lines in no time!

See What Other Happy Travelers Had to Say!

York, england.

peru tourism nazca lines

The pictures just don’t do it justice! I hadn’t planned on visiting Nazca and flying over the geoglyphs but was convinced otherwise by a friend I made in a hostel in Lima. I was so glad I made the journey south to Nazca, I couldn’t believe my eyes. Some of the carvings are just surreal.

Ben Thompson

Sydney, australia.

peru tourism nazca lines

Definitely worth a visit if you’re in Peru. I went on a day tour to the Nazca Lines from Lima and I had an incredible time! The history behind the magical carvings on the desert floor is amazing, hard to believe they were carved such a long time ago.

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Nazca Lines

By: History.com Editors

Updated: August 21, 2018 | Original: December 4, 2017

Aerial view of the Spider (46 meters long) at Nazca Lines, some 435 km south of Lima, Peru on December 11, 2014. Geoglyphs can be seen only from atop the surrounding foothills or from aircrafts. The purpose of the Nazca lines remains unclear, according some scientists the Nazca people created them to be seen by their gods in the sky.

The Nazca Lines are a collection of giant geoglyphs—designs or motifs etched into the ground—located in the Peruvian coastal plain about 250 miles (400 kilometers) south of Lima, Peru. Created by the ancient Nazca culture in South America, and depicting various plants, animals, and shapes, the 2,000-year-old Nazca Lines can only be fully appreciated when viewed from the air given their massive size. Despite being studied for over 80 years, the geoglyphs—which were designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1994—are still a mystery to researchers.

What Are the Nazca Lines?

There are three basic types of Nazca Lines: straight lines, geometric designs and pictorial representations.

There are more than 800 straight lines on the coastal plain, some of which are 30 miles (48 km) long. Additionally, there are over 300 geometric designs, which include basic shapes such as triangles, rectangles, and trapezoids, as well as spirals, arrows, zig-zags and wavy lines.

The Nazca Lines are perhaps best known for the representations of about 70 animals and plants, some of which measure up to 1,200 feet (370 meters) long. Examples include a spider, hummingbird, cactus plant, monkey, whale, llama, duck, flower, tree, lizard and dog.

The Nazca people also created other forms, such as a humanoid figure (nicknamed “The Astronaut”), hands and some unidentifiable depictions.

In 2011, a Japanese team discovered a new geoglyph that appears to represent a scene of decapitation, which, at about 4.2 meters long and 3.1 meters wide, is far smaller than other Nazca figures and not easily seen from aerial surveys. The Nazca people were known to collect “trophy heads,” and research in 2009 revealed that the majority of trophy skulls came from the same populations as the people they were buried with (rather than outside cultures).

In 2016, the same team found another geoglyph, this time one that depicts a 98-foot-long (30-meter-long) mythical creature that has many legs and spotted markings, and is sticking out its tongue.

And in 2018, Peruvian archaeologists announced they had discovered more than 50 new geoglyphs in the region, using drone technology to map the landmarks in unprecedented detail.

How the Nazca Lines Were Created

Anthropologists believe the Nazca culture, which began around 100 B.C. and flourished from A.D. 1 to 700, created the majority of the Nazca Lines. The Chavin and Paracas cultures, which predate the Nazca, may have also created some of the geoglyphs.

The Nazca Lines are located in the desert plains of the Rio Grande de Nasca river basin, an archaeological site that spans more than 75,000 hectares and is one of the driest places on Earth.

The desert floor is covered in a layer of iron oxide-coated pebbles of a deep rust color. The ancient peoples created their designs by removing the top 12 to 15 inches of rock, revealing the lighter-colored sand below. They likely began with small-scale models and carefully increased the models’ proportions to create the large designs.

Most of the known geoglyphs were formed by removing rocks from only the border of the figures (creating a kind of outline), while others were formed by removing rocks from the interior.

Given the low amount of rain, wind and erosion in the desert, the geoglyphs have remained largely unscathed throughout the centuries.

Nazca Lines and Aliens?

Toribio Mejia Xesspe, a Peruvian archaeologist, began a systematic study of the lines in 1926, but the geoglyphs only gained widespread attention when pilots flew over them in the 1930s. Experts have debated the purpose of the Nazca Lines since then.

In the late 1930s and early 1940s, American historian Paul Kosok studied the geoglyphs from the ground and air. Based on the relative position of one of the lines he studied to the sun around the winter solstice, he concluded that the geoglyphs had an astronomy-related purpose.

Soon after, María Reiche, a German archaeologist and translator, also concluded that the designs had an astronomical and calendrical purpose. She further believed that some of the animal geoglyphs were representative of groups of stars in the sky.

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, however, other researchers, including American astronomer Gerald Hawkins, examined the Nazca Lines and disagreed with the astronomical explanation for the geoglyphs. They also poked holes in other far-out explanations, such as those relating to aliens or ancient astronauts.

Purpose of the Nazca Lines

More recent research suggested that the Nazca Lines’ purpose was related to water, a valuable commodity in the arid lands of the Peruvian coastal plain. The geoglyphs weren’t used as an irrigation system or a guide to find water, but rather as part of a ritual to the gods—an effort to bring much-needed rain.

Some scholars point to the animal depictions—some of which are symbols for rain, water or fertility and have been found at other ancient Peruvian sites and on pottery—as evidence of this theory.

In 2015, researchers presenting at the 80th annual meeting of the Society for American Archeology argued that the purpose of the Nazca Lines changed over time. Initially, pilgrims heading to Peruvian temple complexes used the geoglyphs as ritual processional routes. Later groups, as part of a religious rite, smashed ceramic pots on the ground at the point of intersection between lines.

Conservation Issues

Unlike other relics throughout the world, the Nazca Lines are largely spared from unintentional destruction, thanks to their location. But the geoglyphs aren’t completely safe.

In 2009, the Nazca Lines suffered the first recorded instance of rain damage. Heavy downpours flowing off the Pan-American Highway—a network of roads that connects nearly all countries in the Americas with a Pacific coast—deposited sand and clay onto three fingers of the hand-shaped geoglyph.

Five years later, environmental group Greenpeace damaged an area near the hummingbird geoglyph during a media stunt. The activists disturbed the upper layer of rocks by the hummingbird when they trampled through the forbidden area of the desert to lay down a large sign that promotes renewable energy.

And in 2018, a commercial truck driver was arrested after he drove onto a portion of the Nazca Lines, etching deep scars into an area roughly 100 feet by 330 feet (about 50 meters by 100 meters). The damage caused by the truck driver renewed calls for greater security and surveillance at the sites.

Nasca Lines. National Geographic . Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa. UNESCO . Knudson et al. (2009). “The geographic origins of Nasca trophy heads using strontium, oxygen, and carbon isotope data.” Journal of Anthropological Archaeology . Mysterious Nazca Line Geoglyphs Formed Ancient Pilgrimage Route. LiveScience . 100-Foot Image of Mythical Creature Discovered in Peru. LiveScience . Team finds more Peru geoglyphs. Japan Times . The origins of Peru’s mysterious Nasca Lines. BBC . Rains damage Peru’s Nazca lines. The Telegraph . Peru Is Indignant After Greenpeace Makes Its Mark on Ancient Site. New York Times . Truck driver plows into Peru’s 2,000-year-old archeological enigma. CNN . Exclusive: Massive Ancient Drawings Found in Peruvian Desert. National Geographic .

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  • Choquequirao 4-day trek in Lodge

Lares Treks

  • Lares Trek Full-Day
  • Lares Trek – 2 Days
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  • Lares Trek to Machu Picchu 4 Days
  • Lares Trek + Short Inca Trail 4 Days

Ancascocha Treks

  • Ancascocha Trek – 3 Days
  • Ancascocha Trek – 4 Days
  • Ancascocha Trek – 5 Days
  • Ancascocha Trek + Short Inca Trail 5 Days
  • Moonstone Trek to Machu Picchu 5 Days
  • Inca Quarry Trek to Machu Picchu 4 Days

Huchuy Qosqo Trek

  • Huchuy Qosqo Trek Full Day + Via Lamay
  • Huchuy Qosqo Full Day
  • Huchuy Qosqo Trek – 2 Days
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Ausangate Treks

  • 7 Lagoons Ausangate Trek Full-Day
  • Ausangate Trek 5 Days
  • Ausangate Trek 6 Days

Spiritual Sessions

  • Andean Wedding Ceremony (Kasaracuy)
  • 1 Day Private Ayahuasca Retreats Cusco
  • Wachuma Ceremony Cusco 1 Day
  • Pilgrimages to Awakening Ways of Consciousness 13 Day
  • 2 Day Ayahuasca Retreat
  • 3 Day Ayahuasca Retreat
  • 4 Day Ayahuasca Retreat
  • 5 Day Ayahuasca Retreat

Spiritual Experiences in Cusco Tours

If you are interested in learning more about Andean cosmology and traditions or looking for a spiritual experience, then a spiritual tour in Cusco is a great option. Many different experiences are available, so you can find one that fits your interests and needs.

During these spiritual sessions, individuals may engage in various activities and ceremonies to establish a connection with the spiritual realm and foster personal growth and healing. These practices often draw inspiration from the natural elements, mountains, lakes, and other sacred sites that hold significance in the Andean culture.

Amazon Rainforest

  • Puerto Maldonado Amazon Tour 4-Day
  • Puerto Maldonado 3 Day Tour
  • Puerto Maldonado 2 Day Tour
  • Amazon Rainforest Peru 8-Day
  • Amazon Rainforest Peru 14 Days
  • Macaw Clay Lick Tambopata 3-Day

The Amazon of Peru is a unique and mysterious place. The diversity and fantastic flora of the Amazon rainforest have long drawn us in, and our photographer’s hearts have yearned to capture stunning images of the abundant wildlife there. Visiting the Amazon Rainforest in Peru is one of the best travel experiences, “it has something to offer everyone,” whether you’re exploring it from a lodge or on a boat.

Enjoy the diversity of nature while exploring trails, looking for caiman and river otters, and standing on platforms in the thick canopy of the Amazon rainforest.

After spending the day exploring the most biodiverse region on earth, our Amazon vacation packages include transfers, knowledgeable local guides, and a cozy jungle lodge to unwind in.

Peru and Machu Picchu Packages

  • Package Amazon Rainforest Peru 8-Day
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  • Christmas in Machu Picchu 2023
  • New Year’s in Machupicchu 2024
  • Archaeological & Ancient Civilizations
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  • Family Trip to Machu Picchu
  • Helicopter Charters – Inca land flights
  • Travel Programs for Students in Peru
  • Accessible Machupicchu Tour (Wheelchair)

Arequipa and Colca Canyon Tours

  • Colca Canyon Tour in Arequipa Full Day
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  • Colca Canyon 3 Day Trek
  • Colca Canyon 2 Day Trek

Ica and Nazca Lines Tours

  • Nazca Lines Flight from Pisco

Nazca Lines from Lima

  • Nazca Lines Flight from Ica
  • Nazca Lines Tour 2 Days
  • Nazca Lines Tour from Cusco
  • Nazca Lines Flight
  • Flight Over Palpa Lines
  • Ballestas Islands Tour
  • Paracas National Reserve
  • Huacachina Sand Buggy

Titicaca and Puno Tours

  • Cusco to Puno by Car
  • Aramu Muru Portal “Gate of the Gods”
  • Taquile Island Lake Titicaca One Day
  • Lake Titicaca Uros Floating Islands
  • Amantani Island Tour, Two Days
  • Lake Titicaca Extension 4 Days
  • Tour Temple of Fertility Peru
  • Cutimbo Inca Ruins Tour
  • Sillustani Tour
  • Tiwanaku Tour Bolivia From Puno
  • Belmond Andean Explorer Lake Titicaca

Kondor Path Tours

Nazca Lines Flight from Lima Overview Take a day trip from Lima to explore the mysterious Nazca Lines, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. These ancient geoglyphs, etched into the desert floor, depict various animals and geometric shapes and have puzzled archaeologists for decades. Your tour includes a flight over the lines for a bird’s-eye view […]

Unique Nazca Lines Tour from Lima: 1-Day

Nazca Lines from Lima 1-Day:  Enjoy the full-day tour to the fullest! Land trip in the first instance along the Peruvian coast from Lima to the Pisco airport for approximately 3 hours and a half. Take off on the plane at the Pisco airport to fly over the Nazca lines, exploring the incredible figures built in the Peruvian desert near Nazca. Take amazing aerial photos on your excursion.

Via Palpa: The air expedition takes around 90 minutes of travel in total. After the Nazca Lines flight experience, you will have a short time to enjoy the panoramic views of the Paracas boardwalk before returning to Lima; if there is enough time, we will stop at the vineyards of Ica.

Nazca Line’s ancient geoglyphs, etched into the desert floor, have puzzled and fascinated people for centuries. Learn about the history and significance of these mysterious lines as you explore them up close. Get ready and plan your next vacation with Kondor Path Tours.

Nazca Lines from Lima

If you’re looking for a unique and unforgettable experience in Peru, consider taking a Nazca Lines Tour from Lima .

Nazca Lines Flight from Lima Overview

Take a day trip from Lima to explore the mysterious Nazca Lines, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. These ancient geoglyphs, etched into the desert floor, depict various animals and geometric shapes and have puzzled archaeologists for decades. Your tour includes a flight over the lines for a bird’s-eye view of these incredible works of art.

  • Day 1: Lima; Overflight of Nazca from Pisco; Return to Lima

Nazca Lines Tours from Lima Highlights

Why You’ll Love the Nazca Lines Tour from Lima

  • Extraordinary adventure around the Nazca Lines Tour from Lima and witness the awe-inspiring ancient drawings from above. Don’t miss out on this unique experience!
  • Step-by-step, a day trip from Lima to see the Nazca Lines, one of the world’s most intriguing archaeological mysteries. Our expert guides will show you the best views and share their knowledge.
  • Out-of-this-world explores the Nazca Lines from Lima. Our tour takes you on a thrilling flight over the desert to see the incredible ancient drawings up close. Don’t miss this unforgettable experience.

Nazca Lines from Lima Itinerary

PRESENTATION OF NAZCA LINES TOURS FROM LIMA: Explore the awe-inspiring and mysterious Nazca Lines via Lima with our guided tour. See the ancient geoglyphs from above and learn about their history and significance.

Lima - Overflight of Nazca from Pisco - Return to Lima

Lima - Overflight of Nazca from Pisco - Return to Lima

At 6 in the morning, our tour guide and the vehicle driver go to the clients’ hotel to pick them up and start the 3-hour trip to the Pisco Aerodrome, located south of Lima. Note: The tour guide assists during the round-trip overland!

Have an incredible overflight over the valleys of Ocucaje, Santa Cruz, Palpa, Viscas, and Ingenio until you fly over the Nazca lines, observing several geoglyphs. The Nazca Lines flight from Pisco lasts approximately 1 hour and 35 minutes. At the end of the overflight, we will return to Lima with our private transportation.

Physical Level

Walking distance.

A light walk

Hiking Time

5 to 10 minutes

Starting Altitude

Lima: 79m (259 ft)

Minimun Altitude

Pisco: 7m (22,9 ft)

Highest Altitude

1-day nazca lines from lima inclusions.

  • Personalized trips and tours
  • Active itinerary with unique cultural experiences
  • English-speaking tour guide (by land)
  • Private transportation with fuel and driver
  • All taxes (Peru)
  • Local airport tax: S/. 30.00 per person, approx. $12.
  • Tourist ticket for the air flight: S/.47.00 per person, approx. $16.
  • Participants weighing more than 300 pounds (136 kg) must reserve an additional seat to accommodate weight restrictions.
  • Travel Insurance
  • Spending money: allow approximately US$40–90 per day to cover meals, snacks, drinks, limited souvenirs, laundry, tips, personal expenses, and extras.
  • Tipping is a personal gesture: “guide (S) and driver.”

Nazca Lines Flight from Lima Bring:

  • You must bring your original passport for the overflight of Nazca from Pisco.
  • Automatic digital camera to take aerial photos or the best camera to capture the best moments of the flyover.
  • Medicine for dizziness: “take it before starting the overflight.” It is advisable not to eat anything before the overflight of Nazca because the aircraft makes 22 inclinations to observe the lines of Peru.

Notes on the Nazca Lines Day Trip from Lima:

* Kondor Path Tours: A Travel Tour Operator 100% for the Flights from Lima to Nazca, Peru

Travel Guide

What are the nazca lines.

The Nazca Lines are a series of ancient geoglyphs in southern Peru in the Nazca Desert. These massive line drawings depict various animals, plants, and geometric shapes, and the Nazca culture created them between 500 BCE and 500 CE.

What is a flight over the Nazca Lines?

A flight over the Nazca Lines is a unique experience that allows you to view the geoglyphs from above. You board a small aircraft and soar over the desert, providing a bird’s-eye view of the intricate and mysterious designs etched into the landscape.

How long is the flight over the Nazca Lines?

The duration of the flight can vary depending on the tour package and operator. On average, the flight over the Nazca Lines lasts approximately 30 to 45 minutes, during which you can see multiple geoglyphs.

Can anyone take a flight over the Nazca Lines?

Generally, anyone in good health and without any medical conditions that could be exacerbated by flying can take a flight over the Nazca Lines. However, it’s always recommended to consult with your doctor if you have any concerns. There may be age restrictions for safety reasons, so checking with the tour operator regarding any specific age requirements is advisable.

Is the flight over the Nazca Lines safe?

Flights over the Nazca Lines are considered safe. The tour operators use certified aircraft and experienced pilots familiar with the area. They follow strict safety guidelines and regulations to ensure passengers have a secure and enjoyable experience.

What type of aircraft is used for the flight?

The aircraft used for the flight over the Nazca Lines are typically small planes or helicopters with large windows, providing unobstructed views of the geoglyphs. These aircraft are specifically designed for sightseeing and equipped with safety features.

How close do the planes fly to the Nazca Lines?

The planes fly at relatively low altitudes, allowing passengers to see the Nazca Lines. The exact distance may vary, but it’s usually around 500 to 1,500 feet (150 to 450 meters) above the ground.

Can I take photographs during the flight?

Yes, photography is usually allowed during the flight. The planes have large windows that offer excellent visibility, allowing you to capture photos and videos of the Nazca Lines. Make sure to bring a camera or smartphone with you to document this extraordinary experience.

Are there audio guides or commentary during the flight?

Most tour operators provide audio guides or commentary in multiple languages during the flight. These guides provide information about the Nazca Lines, their history, and the geoglyphs you will see, enhancing your understanding and appreciation of the site.

Can I visit the Nazca Lines without taking a flight?

The Nazca Lines are best viewed from the air, as their large-scale designs can only be fully appreciated from above. However, there are viewpoints along the Pan-American Highway where you can see a few of the simpler geoglyphs from the ground.

Is transportation to the Nazca airport included in the tour?

Most tour packages include transportation to the Nazca airport from designated meeting points or hotels. The tour operator will arrange transportation to ensure you reach the airport on time for your scheduled flight.

Are there any restrictions or guidelines for visitors during the flight?

Visitors are typically required to follow specific guidelines during the flight, such as fastening seat belts, refraining from standing or moving around the aircraft, and not leaning against the windows.

Pricing Breakdown

1-day nazca lines from lima price information.

PRICES PER PERSON [U.S Dollar] 2024

Soon, we will update the prices! 🙁

If you require a quote urgently, write to [email protected]

  • Solo Travel USD$000.
  • 02 participants USD$000. “Prices reduce if more people are in your group.”
  • 03 participants USD$000.
  • 04 participants USD$000.
  • 05 participants USD$000.
  • 06 participants USD$000.
  • 07 participants USD$000.
  • 08 participants + USD$000.

CLIENTS PURCHASE OVERFLIGHT FOR NAZCA FROM LIMA

  • Customers are responsible for purchasing shared service flyover tickets or renting a chartered aircraft.
  • Overflight to Nazca from Lima via Pisco, available from the Pisco Airport. Price: approximately USD 280 per person (shared). The client chooses the flight company of their choice on the day of the flight!
  • Flight schedules from 9:00 a.m. to 3:30 p.m.
  • There are some delays! The exact flight departure depends on weather conditions and air traffic; the Peruvian Air Force issues daily flight authorizations. Sometimes, the flight can take between 30 minutes and 5 hours due to fog, etc.
  • Flight time : 1 hour and 35 minutes of a panoramic flight over the Nazca from Lima via Pisco.

NOTE: Reasons why we do not organize the overflight to Nazca from Lima via Pisco! When booking in advance, sometimes the overflight companies do not arrange the flight or mention that they cannot fly over due to bad weather, and when they do not organize the flight, they do not return the money; they are left with 90% and a series of problems, etc.

We have found it convenient for clients to pay directly at the airline.

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INQUIRE ABOUT THE NAZCA LINES FROM LIMA

Nazca Lines Tours from Lima: Experience the mystery and wonder of the Nazca Lines on an excursion from Lima. See the ancient geoglyphs from above and learn about their history and significance.

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Nazca Lines Flight

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Nazca Lines Tour: 2024 Updated information about the Nazca Lines Flights from how to get there, itineraries, prices, and FAQs!

Nazca Lines Flight Brief Summary:

  • Nazca Lines Flights are a once-in-a-lifetime experience and usually last 30 minutes.
  • The lines, some over 2,000 years old, are spread over almost 80km of desert and a Nazca Lines flight over the Nazca Lines is the only way to do justice to these incredible landmarks.
  • There is no way to fly directly to Nazca. Peru Hop is the #1 recommended bus company on Tripadvisor.
  • Click HERE to book a Nazca Lines Flight for prices cheaper than directly with the airlines!.

A Nazca Lines flight is a great experience for travelers who want to see the history of the lines. You can take a flight over the lines starting from Paracas, but most commonly they are taken from the town of Nazca. Check with our Peru Hop experts for more information, and help booking your Nazca Lines flight!

Below we have created our extensive guide to the Nazca Lines Flight based on our expert local knowledge having helped to transport over 250,000 travelers here since our formation in 2013.

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Nazca Lines Flight Guide Contents:

  • How to get to Nazca – Compare transportation options.
  • Nazca Lines Flight Tour Information – Check time, prices, and more.
  • Did you know? – Nazca Lines fun facts.
  • What to bring to the Nazca Flights – Be prepared for your tour.
  • Nazca Lines FAQs – We answer your frequently asked questions.
  • Photo Gallery – A few of the best photos of the Nazca Lines.

peru tourism nazca lines

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How To Get To Nazca

If you are looking for information on the best buses to take to Nazca, visit our passes page. Select your departure city, the countries you want to visit, and amount of time you have to travel. Then browse our passes to see which include your desired stop in Nazca.

Nazca Lines Tour Information

Peru Hop does not operate any Nazca Lines Flights. To see Peru Hop’s recommended operators for this tour read below.

Nazca Lines Flight 

Price: $79 USD (plus 30 soles airport tax and 47 soles for the Nazca Lines Tourist Ticket, both paid in cash upon arrival)

Times: The time of the flight can be arranged when you book the tour. Flight conditions are best during the morning when winds are favorable.

Duration: 30 minutes flight time.

Special deal for Peru Hop Passengers: Tours booked via FindLocalTrips.com include extended flight time to get an aerial viewing of the Cantalloc Acueduct Systems (only available for the 11:00am and 11:30am flight) and they allow date changes up until the evening before your tour begins at no extra cost.

Note: Passengers who exceeds the weight limit of 95 kg, will have to pay for an additional seat.

BOOK A NAZCA LINES FLIGHT NOW

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If you are looking for information about Nazca Lines’ Flight, visit FindLocalTrips.com where you can compare itineraries, operators and prices.

Did You Know?

  • Varying from simple lines and geometric forms to diverse and complex forms, the Nazca Lines are mysterious earth drawings that are over 1500 years old.
  • The site of the Nazca Lines is a UNESCO world heritage site since 1994.
  • The lines can only be truly appreciated from above, yet they date back from a time when there was no means of aerial flight.
  • The most iconic figures include many animals such as the humming bird, monkey and spider which are often replicated in modern jewellery and ceramics today.
  • Historians’ theories investigating the creation of the lines range from the mapping of an astrological calendar, to marking the path of underground desert aqueducts, all the way to some kind of alien creations! There is still no consensus on how or why the lines were made.
  • Like the Nazca Lines, historians still debate about when the aqueducts were built.

What To Bring On A Nazca Lines Flight

  • Original passport – Important!

Nazca Lines FAQS

Do we recommend the Nazca Lines Flight?

Yes. The flight is the ONLY way to see the classic pictures on postcards with views of the lines from above. There are hundreds of figures scattered across the desert, which you will only be able to see by taking the flight! The astronaut, the monkey, the hummingbird and the spider can only be truly appreciated from the air.

Can Peru Hop help me reserve the flight?

We recommend to book your Nazca Lines Flight a couple of days in advance using the booking link on this page. The flight price is $80 and there is an additional 30 soles airport tax. Pre-booking ensures that you have your flight slot booked for when you arrive. In addition, AeroNasca will pick you up from the bus terminal to take you to the airport and drop you off after the flight back in the town centre.

SPECIAL DEAL FOR PERU HOP PASSENGERS – Tours booked with this selected operator AeroNasca via FindLocalTrips.com allow date changes right up until the day before your tour begins at no extra cost.

I have read that there are a lot of accidents. Is the flight safe?

Yes, years ago there were occasional accidents as there was not so much control on flight safety. Now flights are only authorized to leave during appropriate weather conditions and all the flight companies must adhere to strict safety guidelines. If the weather conditions change then no flight company is allowed to depart from the airport. Weather conditions are best early in the morning, so we always recommend getting down to Nazca as early as possible for the flight to avoid disappointment. There have been no accidents for many years and we only work with the safest company, AeroNasca.

I suffer from motion sickness. Would you still recommend the flight?

The flight is not recommended for those susceptible to flight sickness. The planes are typically small 8/10 seat passenger planes and although the flight duration is around 30 minutes, it allows passengers on both sides of the plane see all the Lines. Consequently, the plane must encircle each line first from one side and then from the other.

What else is there to see in Nazca?

The main thing to do in Nazca is the Nazca Lines Flight. Other than that there are a couple of museums that are worth a look and also the Chauchilla cemetery with excellently preserved ancient mummies. We advise against spending more than the day trip here.

I am traveling from Lima to Cusco and want to do the Nazca Lines Flight but do not want to have to spend a night in Nazca itself. Is this possible?

For an easy transfer, private shuttles ($16 USD / one-way / 2.5 hrs) make direct trips from Huacachina to Nazca every day. The service includes pick-up directly from Huacachina (Wild Rover Hostel) and drop off at the airport in Nazca for the flight.

I want to see the Nazca Lines but do not want to pay for the flight…

Travelling with Peru Hop will also give you the opportunity to see the Nazca Lines for free. A visit to the Nazca Lines Viewing Tower is included in your pass from where you can see three of the Lines. The onboard guide will give you information on the intriguing history behind the ancient Nazca culture and ongoing theories behind these mysterious Lines.

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Top Things to See and Do in Nazca, Peru

The Nazca Lines are an archaeological marvel, stretching for miles and depicting huge birds, animals, and trees; come to Peru to marvel at the cultures that formed South America and stick around for museums, cocktails, and sandboarding

Most tourists head to Nazca in Peru with the sole intention of visiting the enigmatic Nazca Lines, a series of mysterious etchings that have puzzled archaeologists for eons. While these world-famous geoglyphs are certainly the city’s biggest attraction, there are plenty of other fascinating things to see nearby, including sand dunes, burial sites, and museums. Here are the best things to see and do during your trip to Paddington Bear’s homeland.

1. fly over the nazca lines.

Historical Landmark

Among the most mysterious ancient wonders of the world are the Nazca Lines – and the best way to see them is from the air. More than 70 drawings in the sand depict animals including fish and llamas, and they stretch for hundreds of meters, eliciting wonder and awe. This is an intriguing archaeological site that many have studied, and yet the mystery remains as to how they were constructed and what their purpose was: appeasement of the gods, irrigation, or a prayer for rain? Catch a ride aboard a six-seater plane and if you’re not too nauseous, see if you can make out the shapes and draw your own conclusion.

2. See the Cantalloc Aqueducts

Architectural Landmark

Peru, Nazca, Cantalloc Aqueduct

A mere 2mi (3.5km) from Nazca, you’ll find the Acueductos de Cantalloc: a sophisticated irrigation system built by the locals between 200CE and 700CE. A series of underground aqueducts, trenches, and spirals built cleverly in stone, these subterranean canals permitted a limitless supply of water for crops and drinking water in the arid desert round about. Many visitors come here to see the spiral-shaped craters that served as wells and ancient pumps – and little wonder, as it’s a remarkable sight.

3. Meet the Mummies of Chauchilla Cemetery

Mummy at Chauchilla Cemetery (Cementerio de Chauchilla), discovered in the 1920s.

If you’re a fan of the macabre, you’ll want to make a date at Chauchilla Cemetery, about half an hour by car from Nazca. Here you’ll find burial grounds and several well-preserved mummies, many with their long hair and nails still intact. The Nazca people preserved their relatives this well in the 9th century, observing ancient burial practices. The Peruvian government has stepped in recently to restore the site to its original condition, and good job too, as its inhabitants have waited a long time for a refurb.

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5. Browse the Museo Antonini

Artifact on display at Museo Didactico Antonini in Nazca town.

Get a glimpse of the daily life and rituals of the ancient Nazca people of Peru here at the Museo Antonini: a special archaeological museum in the city that’s home to several galleries displaying the art, ceramics, tools, musical instruments, and traditional clothing of the local cultures. This is also a great place to learn more about the Nazca Lines, with models and replicas of these extraordinary shapes (perfect if you’re afraid of flying or felt too airsick to make the most of the plane ride).

6. The Museo Maria Reiche

Maria Reiche (1903-1998) was a German mathematician best known for her research on the Nazca Lines, and this house-museum displays the tools she used for her studies. More unusual is her collection of relics, including human remains and skulls. There’s also a tattooed mummy, believed to be part of a human sacrifice ritual. Getting here can be tricky because of its remote location, so we recommend taking a colectivo (shared taxi).

7. Climb Cerro Blanco Sand Dune

Natural Feature

Cerro Blanco sand dune, the highest dunes on the world located near Nasca or Nazca town in Peru

If you fancy a break from archaeological ruins – and a little outdoor adventure – take a look around the Cerro Blanco sand dunes. If you’re feeling courageous, you might like to try your hand at sandboarding down one of the highest dunes in the world (top tip: don’t use too much wax on your board or you’re going to fly down). Hike to the peak for amazing views of the valley, or various tour groups offer dune buggies, paragliding, mountain biking, and camping under the stars. Ask around locally for the best set-ups.

8. Learn About Local Ceramics at Cerámicas Emilia

Shop, Museum

Visit the family-owned Cerámicas Emilia, a traditional pottery shop and museum employing methods that have been passed down for generations. If you want something truly unique and different from your typical souvenirs, a stop here is a must. The pottery style here is inspired by the designs found on ceramics unearthed in this region, and the family is enthusiastic and more than happy to tell you about their craftsmanship, and the history of pottery-making.

9. Admire the Paredones

Historical Landmark, Ruins

Los Paredones - historic ruins of incan castle in Nazca or Nazca town, Peru

Among the lesser-visited tourist attractions in Nazca, the Paredones definitely merit a visit. Off the beaten path, these Incan ruins are believed to have held a vital function in Nazcan society as a civic center. About a mile from the main plaza, these adobe ruins are made up of a series of rooms and patios. As a bonus, if you buy the boleto turistico (tourist ticket) this site is included in the price.

10. Climb the Nazca Lines Observation Tower

If you fancy discovering the Nazca Lines from another perspective (one that avoids flying) the Nazca Lines Observation Tower is for you. It’s also a great option if you’re on a budget, as it’s a fraction of the cost of a plane ticket. Standing 42ft (13m) tall, it gives you awesome views of some of the 19sqmi (50sqkm) of etchings. You’ll need to climb four stairwells to get to the top (so unfortunately it’s not an option for those with access needs), but from the platform you can get a decent view of the two nearest geoglyphs: the tree and hands.

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The other nazca lines: drones uncover more geoglyphs in peru.

peru tourism nazca lines

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How to visit the nazca lines in peru.

peru tourism nazca lines

The Mystery Behind Peru’s Incredible Nazca Lines

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Nazca Lines Peru Tours

450 km south of Lima on the high, arid desert plateau between the towns of Palpa and Nazca known as the Pampa Colorada (Colored Plain), lies the mystifying UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Nazca Lines . Constructed more than 2,000 years ago by the ancient Nazca culture and covering an earthen canvas of nearly 500 square km (190 square miles), over 800 straight lines, 300 giant geometric shapes and 70 bewildering biomorphic drawings are etched into the Nazca desert. Their construction and significance has been shrouded in mystery since their discovery in the 1920s, with various interpretations being offered, from an astronomical calendar and celestial celebration to procession routes for water-related religious worship. The region is also famous for its Chauchilla Cemetery, an ancient necropolis of prehispanic mummified human remains, that was featured in Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull.

Virtually indecipherable from ground level given their size, the lines are best appreciated from above on a Nazca flight tour. We recommend taking flights over the Nazca Lines from Pisco Airport aboard a larger, more modern, and more stable 12-seater Cessna Grand Caravan, rather than the smaller 3 to 6-seater Cessnas that fly from Nazca’s Maria Reiche Airport. This option also provides the added benefits of being able to stay in a more luxurious hotel in Paracas (within easy reach of the adventure activities of the nearby desert dunes) versus those in Nazca, and also saves around 7 hours of travel time. Round-flight times from Pisco are 90 minutes and take in 12 of the major lines; Heron, Condor, Monkey, Dog, Hands, Hummingbird, Spider, Tree, Whale, ‘The Astronaut’, Parrot and Trapezoids. Flights are subject to weather conditions.

Nazca Lines Hummingbird

Nazca Lines & Machu Picchu

peru tourism nazca lines

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Machu Picchu & Nazca Lines Tours

Home » Machu Picchu & Nazca Lines Tours

Our Machu Picchu and Nazca Lines Tours give you the chance to combine two of Peru’s signature wonders in a single itinerary. Departing from Lima , Peru’s foodie-friendly capital, you’ll travel down the desert coast to Pisco for a private flight that takes you over the monkeys, hummingbirds, and spiders that make up the mysterious Nazca Lines . From there, it’s north to Paracas, where you’ll take a high-speed launch to see the wildlife-filled Ballestas Islands , and then back to Lima, for a short morning flight to Cusco . There, after visiting the Inca Temple of the Sun and an indigenous market in the Sacred Valley , you’ll ascend to the citadel of Machu Picchu , as sublime today as when Hiram Bingham rediscovered it in 1911. These trips can be combined with visits to Easter Island , the Galapagos , and Peru’s own Inca Trail and Lake Titicaca to take in even more of South America’s wonders.

Nazca Lines, Peru

Classic Machu Picchu and Nazca Lines

10 days/9 nights from $2,269.

Experience the Inca and Nazca cultures in this amazing tour of Peru. Beginning in Lima, you will travel to the Ica Region for an overflight…

Islas Ballestas, Peru

Classic Machu Picchu, Nazca Lines, and Lake Titicaca

13 days/12 nights from $2,969.

Discover the Nazca, Inca, and Aymara cultures of Peru. Beginning in Lima, you will travel to the Ica Region for an overflight of the Nazca…

Nazca Lines Spider, Peru

Classic Machu Picchu, Nazca Lines, and the Inca Trail

13 days/12 nights from $3,199.

Enjoy the Ica and Cusco Regions in this exhilarating tour of Peru. Fly over the mysterious Nazca Lines to discover what is known about their…

Condor, Nazca Lines, Peru

Machu Picchu, Nazca Lines, and Easter Island

15 days/14 nights from $3,779.

This tour provides an opportunity to explore three of the most interesting archaeological sites in South America. The citadel of Machu Picchu served as a…

Nazca Lines, Peru

Galapagos, Machu Picchu, and Nazca Lines

15 days/14 nights from $5,089.

Combining the Galapagos with Machu Picchu and the Nazca Lines is an excellent way to experience the best of Ecuador and Peru. You will begin…

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HITC

Photos of 'alien landing strip' seen from outer space make UFO theories more convincing

Thanks to the “non-human” remains shown to Congress at the recent UFO hearing in Mexico, UFO enthusiasts are trying to unravel the mystery binding the Nazca Lines in Peru, which was once believed to be an “alien landing strip.”

The “ alien corpses” were allegedly recovered from Cusco in Peru and if the claims are true, they are over 1000 years old. The UFO Hearing in Mexico City held on September 12 followed the one in the United States , and both events witnessed some common attendees.

Nazca Lines in Peru have been subject to ‘alien’ rumors

The Nazca Lines in Peru are a group of geoglyphs created by people of the ancient Nazac culture more than 2,000 years ago. Owing to its massive size, the view is best appreciated when seen from outer space or the foothills.

They were discovered by Peruvian archaeologist Toribio Mejía Xesspe in the 1920s, but the site has been explored by very few archeologists due to its size, which limits its complete visibility at ground level.

Apart from the drawing of animal shapes and geometric figures, the Nazca Lines were also associated with extraterrestrial lives, reports NBC.

・ READ MORE: Questionable arrow-shaped ‘UFO’ seen in Argentina is mind-boggling

Among several rumors surrounding it, one suggests the humongous site could have been “an alien landing strip.” However, there’s no evidence to prove it was the point of arrival for spacecraft or any unidentified flying objects.

‘Alien’ mummies found in Nazca

There is no proof that the so-called aliens visited Nazca Lines, but Russian researchers claimed a few years ago that they recovered “alien mummies” from the town of Nazca.

The discovery of the mummified “non-human” remains by researchers from St. Petersburg in 2017 supported the possible existence of three-fingered creatures with a “different anatomical structure to humans.”

The Evening Standard reports that Professor Konstantin Korotkov from the Russian National Research University told Sputnik news agency: “The tissue has biological nature and their chemical composition indicated that they are humans. Their DNA features 23 pairs of chromosomes, just like we have.”

However, the claims were brushed off as “fraud” by the World Congress of Mummy Studies, and the same was debunked by Metabunk with a detailed analysis of the said evidence.

What happened at the Mexican UFO Hearing?

The briefing on UFO/UAPs was headed by the Mexican journalist and ufologist Jaime Maussan. The UFO investigators and fellow journalists presented before Congress the alleged “alien corpses” recovered in Cusco in Peru.

In addition to the results of the analysis conducted on the specimens, the briefing also displayed the X-rays of the “non-human” creatures and claimed that one of them had “eggs and ovaries.”

The UAP Hearing was conducted in the presence of the members of the government, Congress, former American pilot Ryan Graves, and other witnesses.

The event intended to shed more light on the undisclosed information about extraterrestrials while urging the government to look into the alleged evidence. However, neither the Mexican government nor Congress have confirmed the findings to be true .

The post Photos of 'alien landing strip' seen from outer space make UFO theories more convincing appeared first on HITC .

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IMAGES

  1. File:Líneas de Nazca, Nazca, Perú, 2015-07-29, DD 49.JPG

    peru tourism nazca lines

  2. Nazca Lines in Peru: How to visit these mysterious geoglyphs in the

    peru tourism nazca lines

  3. File:Líneas de Nazca, Nazca, Perú, 2015-07-29, DD 55.JPG

    peru tourism nazca lines

  4. ¿Qué significan las Líneas de Nazca en Perú?

    peru tourism nazca lines

  5. Nazca Lines

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  6. Descubren nuevas Líneas de Nazca, en el desierto de Nazca, Perú

    peru tourism nazca lines

VIDEO

  1. Historical Facts

  2. The Fascinating Culture Behind the Nazca Lines #shorts

  3. MYSTERIOUS NAZCA LINES OF PERU || #shorts #trending #viral

  4. The Mysterious Nazca Lines of Peru

  5. The Forever Mystery of Nazca Lines in Peru

  6. Nazca Lines, Peru and Easter Is

COMMENTS

  1. Nazca Lines: Complete Visitor's Guide

    One of Peru's most sought-after travel destinations is located in the southern coastal valleys of Peru about six hours from Lima.The small colonial-style town of Nazca is home to one of the world's greatest mysteries: The Nazca Lines.The lines are a series of enormous and peculiar ancient designs that were etched in the ground more than 2,000 years ago.

  2. How to visit the Nazca Lines in Peru

    The best way to see the Nazca Lines is from the air. There are multiple daily flights, lasting about 75 minutes each, that depart from Pisco Airport. If you've ever gotten frustrated by a long ...

  3. Nazca Lines 2024: Everything You Need to Know

    Everything you need to know to visit the mysterious Nazca Lines in 2024, from how to get there, the best tours and more! Found in the heart of the Ica desert of southern Peru, the Nazca lines are a collection of enormous geoglyphs carved into the desert's surface. Although the incredible carvings have yet to be dated exactly, it is estimated ...

  4. Nazca Lines Travel Guide: Everything You Need to Know

    Nazca people created the lines by scraping off the top layer by removing the oxidized dark layer to reveal a yellow and lighter subsoil underneath. This colored pampa floor lies only 10 - 15 centimeters below the top layer, but it is enough, and the lines are very clearly visible from above.

  5. Nazca Lines Peru Guide: Tours, Hiking, Maps, Buildings, Facts, and

    The Nazca Lines are a group of geoglyphs made in the Nasca desert in southern Peru. They were created between 500 BC and 500 AD by members of the Nasca civilization. There are two main phases of the Nazca lines: the Paracas phase, from 400 to 200 BC, and the Nasca phase, from 200 BC to 500 AD. As of this year, 2022 even 168 new figures have ...

  6. Nazca Lines

    Nazca & Around. Spread over 500 sq km (310 sq mi) of arid, rock-strewn plain in the Pampa Colorada (Red Plain), the Nazca Lines are one of the world's great archaeological mysteries. Comprising over 800 straight lines, 300 geometric figures (geoglyphs) and 70 animal and plant drawings (biomorphs), the lines are almost imperceptible on the ground.

  7. Discovering the Mysteries of Nazca Lines: A Complete Guide

    The average high and low temperatures during this time are 27°C (81°F) and 15°C (59°F). It's the ideal time of year to view the Nazca Lines from the air or from a viewing tower because the weather is sunny and dry. In contrast, Nazca has its wet season from December to April, when average high temperatures range from 25°C (77°F) to 14 ...

  8. Nazca: Complete Travel Guide

    Homebase for Nazca Lines tours, the city of Nazca (also spelled Nasca or Naska) is usually a quick stopover on the overland route between Lima and the Andes of Peru. But for travelers seeking full immersion into the mysteries of South America's most puzzling archaeological site, a longer stay is in order. Tour Highlights: Nazca.

  9. Nazca Lines

    The Nazca Lines (/ ˈ n ɑː z k ə /, /-k ɑː /) are a group of geoglyphs made in the soil of the Nazca Desert in southern Peru. They were created between 500 BC and 500 AD by people making depressions or shallow incisions in the desert floor, removing pebbles and leaving different-colored dirt exposed. There are two major phases of the Nazca lines, Paracas phase, from 400 to 200 BC, and ...

  10. Nazca Peru: 2024 Updated Information Guide

    What to do: Nazca Flight over the Lines. You can visit Nazca on a Day Trip from Lima with Peru Hop or stop off on your way from Lima to Cusco or Cusco to Lima. Official Information Website: www.nazcalinestour.com. Did you know: Peru Hop was setup by 2 Irish guys in 2013 and has been voted #1 Travel Company in Peru for 2024 - Click here for ...

  11. Nazca Lines Peru

    Nazca Lines: More to Explore! To complement the Nazca lines tour we suggest you a visit the adjacent aqueducts know as "puquios" called Cantalloc, built about 1500 years ago by the Nazca people to bring water from springs located very far in the mountains into the desert, mainly to help them turn the arid sands of the Nazca desert into green lands to cultivate their most important products ...

  12. Nazca Lines

    Nazca Lines, groups of geoglyphs, large line drawings that appear, from a distance, to be etched into Earth's surface on the arid Pampa Colorada ("Coloured Plain" or "Red Plain"), northwest of the city of Nazca in southern Peru. They extend over an area of nearly 190 square miles (500 square km). Nazca Lines. Aerial view of Nazca ...

  13. Nazca Lines, Lima

    As you soar above these intriguing works of art, also known as 'geoglyphs,' capture photos from your window seat, and listen as your guide explains the puzzling questions about their creation. Your Nazca Lines adventure also includes round-trip transportation from your hotel in Lima. 11 hours. from. $499.00.

  14. Nazca Lines: The Official Nazca Lines Tour Website!

    Nazca Lines Viewing Tower. If flights aren't quite your thing, don't worry! For a small fee you can climb the famous Nazca observation tower. This is a great way to see the lines for yourself on a budget, and is included with some bus companies, like Peru Hop!

  15. Nazca Lines

    The Nazca Lines are a collection of giant geoglyphs—designs or motifs etched into the ground—located in the Peruvian coastal plain about 250 miles (400 kilometers) south of Lima, Peru. Created ...

  16. 1-Day Nazca Lines from Lima: A Fascinating Adventure in Peru

    Nazca Lines from Lima 1-Day: Enjoy the full-day tour to the fullest! Land trip in the first instance along the Peruvian coast from Lima to the Pisco airport for approximately 3 hours and a half. Take off on the plane at the Pisco airport to fly over the Nazca lines, exploring the incredible figures built in the Peruvian desert near Nazca.

  17. Fly High and Uncover the Mystery: Exploring the Nazca Lines through

    Original Video For Tour Leaders Peru The Nazca Lines Images. The fascinating Nazca lines images consist of over 300 enormous and enigmatic geoglyphs of plants, animals, and humanoids. These intricate designs were created by the pre-Inca Nazca culture between 1 and 600 AD in the vast desert of southern Peru, near the capital city of Lima.

  18. Nazca Lines Tour: 2024 Updated Information and Prices

    Peru Hop does not operate any Nazca Lines Flights. To see Peru Hop's recommended operators for this tour read below. Nazca Lines Flight Price: $79 USD (plus 30 soles airport tax and 47 soles for the Nazca Lines Tourist Ticket, both paid in cash upon arrival) Times: The time of the flight can be arranged when you book the tour. Flight conditions are best during the morning when winds are ...

  19. Machu Picchu, Nazca Lines, & Lake Titicaca Tour

    Additional Details. Group Private: All transfers (except on the Nazca Lines excursion) are private, and the city tours of Lima and Cusco, Sacred Valley of the Incas excursion, and Machu Picchu guided tour are group tours for single passengers and 3 Star accommodations, and private for 4 Star, 5 Star, and Deluxe accommodations. The Nazca Lines overflight and Ballestas Islands boat tour are ...

  20. Top Things to See and Do in Nazca, Peru

    Most tourists head to Nazca in Peru with the sole intention of visiting the enigmatic Nazca Lines, a series of mysterious etchings that have puzzled archaeologists for eons. While these world-famous geoglyphs are certainly the city's biggest attraction, there are plenty of other fascinating things to see nearby, including sand dunes, burial sites, and museums.

  21. Nazca Lines Peru Tours

    450 km south of Lima on the high, arid desert plateau between the towns of Palpa and Nazca known as the Pampa Colorada (Colored Plain), lies the mystifying UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Nazca Lines.Constructed more than 2,000 years ago by the ancient Nazca culture and covering an earthen canvas of nearly 500 square km (190 square miles), over 800 straight lines, 300 giant geometric shapes ...

  22. Machu Picchu & Nazca Lines Tours

    Machu Picchu & Nazca Lines Tours. Our Machu Picchu and Nazca Lines Tours give you the chance to combine two of Peru's signature wonders in a single itinerary. Departing from Lima, Peru's foodie-friendly capital, you'll travel down the desert coast to Pisco for a private flight that takes you over the monkeys, hummingbirds, and spiders ...

  23. Peru Escape with Nazca Lines

    Escape to Peru with a 9-day adventure from its valleys to mountaintops. Discover Peru's Nazca Lines giving a whole new meaning to drawing a line in the sand. Flightseeing is the best way to see these massive geoglyphs etched into the desert— where the ancient Nazca people likely performed spiritual ceremonies.

  24. Photos of 'alien landing strip' seen from outer space make UFO ...

    The Nazca Lines in Peru are a group of geoglyphs created by people of the ancient Nazac culture more than 2,000 years ago. Owing to its massive size, the view is best appreciated when seen from ...