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Guide To Air Canada Hubs

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Air Canada Hub System

Air Canada, the flag carrier airline of Canada, operates with a hub system that allows for efficient connectivity and seamless travel experience for its passengers. The airline has designated several base(s) of operations and hub airports to facilitate its extensive network of domestic and international flights.

One of the primary base(s) of operations for Air Canada is located at Toronto Pearson International Airport (YYZ) in Toronto, Ontario. This hub airport serves as the main connecting point for both domestic and international flights, allowing passengers to transfer between various destinations smoothly.

In addition to Toronto Pearson International Airport, Air Canada also operates hubs at other major Canadian airports, including Montréal–Pierre Elliott Trudeau International Airport (YUL) in Montreal, Quebec, and Vancouver International Airport (YVR) in Vancouver, British Columbia. These hub airports play a crucial role in connecting passengers to their desired destinations efficiently.

The history of Air Canada's hub system dates back to the early years of the airline. As the national carrier, Air Canada recognized the need for a centralized network that would enhance connectivity and streamline operations. The establishment of hub airports allowed the airline to consolidate its flight operations, optimize aircraft utilization, and provide passengers with a wide range of destination options.

By operating with a hub system, Air Canada can efficiently manage its flight schedules, offer convenient connections, and provide a high level of service to its customers. The hub airports serve as strategic locations that enable the airline to maximize its route network and effectively serve both domestic and international markets.

For additional information such as flight schedules, destinations, and aircraft details, visit the Air Canada Guide .

You can also keep track of your Air Canada flight status here .

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Air Canada Expands Travel Ready Hub

September 9, 2021

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Air Canada has unveiled its expanded Travel Ready hub, an interactive online tool to help customers plan and prepare for upcoming trips. Customers can use it to easily and conveniently obtain such information as necessary travel documentation, COVID-19 test requirements and country travel restrictions for any global destination.

Lucie Guillemette, executive vice president and chief commercial officer at Air Canada, said: “We continue to develop practical solutions to help our customers be travel-ready, wherever they want to go. This includes assisting them in navigating the changing entry requirements set by countries in our global network by making all relevant information available in one convenient place.”

Guillemette continued: “But beyond making essential travel information readily accessible, our easy-to-use Travel Ready hub is designed to make it simple for customers to choose where to go next by showing the countries that are open to visitors through an interactive map.”

A search widget allows users can access information specific to their situation and itinerary.

Among other things, the hub allows customers to:

  • Review entry requirements for every country on their itinerary, including if they are connecting via another country or traveling with an Air Canada airline partner
  • If their travels require a COVID-19 test, ensure they have the right test (molecular or antigen) taken within the valid time window
  • Provide travel advice, particularly related to airport arrival times, given additional checks in-place. All of these features are designed with the goal of delivering a smoother and quicker airport experience for customers.

Air Canada will continue implementing initiatives to streamline the travel process, increase customer convenience via digital tools, and remain a leader in adopting science-based measures to further enhance safety.

To date, the airline has put in place the following measures for customers to travel easily, confidently and safely:

  • Ongoing restoration and strategic rebuilding of its international, transborder and domestic network to conveniently reunite people with friends and family, together with flexible and expanded change and cancellation options for bookings.
  • A new digital solution via the Air Canada App and website, enabling customers flying between Canada and select countries to conveniently and securely scan and upload COVID-19 test results to validate compliance with government travel requirements prior to arriving at the airport.
  • Numerous streamlined processes, from several check-in options via web, mobile or airport self-serve kiosk, Touch-Free Bag Check and Bag Drop services, digital presentation of all reading materials via PressReader on personal devices. In the lounge, meals can be ordered and delivered straight to the table through the new Maple Leaf Lounge @ la table service, with additional opportunities to further modernize processes underway.
  • The award-winning Air Canada CleanCare+ program, featuring enhanced biosafety measures throughout every stage of air travel from check-in to lounges to boarding to on-board, which includes highly efficient HEPA air filters on aircraft.
  • As of Oct. 31, 2021, Air Canada is requiring all its employees to be fully vaccinated against COVID-19, further ensuring the safety and well-being of customers and employees.

Air Canada’s Travel Ready hub is available at  www.aircanada.com/travelready  and on the mobile version of the Air Canada website.

For more, go to www.aircanada.com .

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Air Canada unveils new Travel Ready Hub for customers

Post date: Sep 7 2021

Date: Sep 7 2021

By: Travelweek Group

MONTREAL — Air Canada has launched a brand new online tool that helps streamline all necessary travel documentation, COVID-19 testing requirements and country travel restrictions for customers.

Called ‘Travel Ready Hub,’ the interactive tool features a search widget so that users can access information specific to their situation and itinerary. Its many capabilities include the following:

  • Review entry requirements for every country on a customer’s itinerary, including if they are connecting via another country or travelling with an Air Canada airline partner
  • If a customer’s travels require a COVID-19 test, the tool will ensure they have the right test (molecular or antigen) taken within the valid time window
  • Provide travel advice, particularly related to airport arrival times, given additional checks in place

ac travel hub

Travel Ready Hub is now available at aircanada.com/travelready  and on the mobile version of the Air Canada website.

“We continue to develop practical solutions to help our customers be travel-ready, wherever they want to go,” said Lucie Guillemette, Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer at Air Canada. “This includes assisting them in navigating the changing entry requirements set by countries in our global network by making all relevant information available in one convenient place.

“But beyond making essential travel information readily accessible, our easy-to-use Travel Ready Hub is designed to make is simple for customers to choose where to go next by showing the countries that are open to visitors through an interactive map.”

Air Canada’s Travel Ready Hub is the latest initiative the airline has implemented to streamline the travel process and enhance customer convenience via digital tools. To date, it has put in place the following measures:

  • Ongoing restoration and strategic rebuilding of its international, transborder and domestic network to conveniently reunite people with friends and family, together with flexible and expanded change and cancellation options for bookings;
  • A new digital solution via the Air Canada App and website, enabling customers flying between Canada and select countries to conveniently and securely scan and upload COVID-19 test results to validate compliance with government travel requirements prior to arriving at the airport;
  • Numerous streamlined processes, from several check-in options via web, mobile or airport self-serve kiosk, Touch-Free Bag Check and Bag Drop services, digital presentation of all reading materials via PressReader on personal devices. In the lounge, meals can be ordered and delivered straight to the table through the new Maple Leaf Lounge @ la table service, with additional opportunities to further modernize processes underway;
  • The award-winning Air Canada CleanCare+ program, featuring enhanced biosafety measures throughout every stage of air travel from check-in to lounges to boarding to on-board, which includes highly efficient HEPA air filters on aircraft;
  • As of Oct. 31, 2021, Air Canada is requiring all its employees to be fully vaccinated against COVID-19, further ensuring the safety and well-being of customers and employees.

Travel Week Logo

Tags: Air Canada, Lead Story, Travel Ready Hub

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Use the Microsoft or Surface USB-C Travel Hub

Expand the capabilities of your PC with the Microsoft or Surface USB-C Travel Hub. It’s designed for professionals who travel, so this adapter can give you the extra ports and connections you need when you work on-the-go. It works with PCs and Surface devices that have a USB-C port.

What you'll need

The Microsoft or Surface USB-C Travel Hub.

A USB-C port on your computer or other device. The USB-C port must support USB-C Alt Mode.

A computer or other device running one of the following operating systems:

Microsoft Windows 11,10, or 8.1

Mac OS 10.14 or 10.15

Android 9.0 or 8.1

Find your way around

Microsoft or Surface USB-C Travel Hub with callouts

Set up your Microsoft or Surface USB-C Travel Hub

After you unpack your travel hub, put it where you want on your desk and leave out any necessary cords or cables to get to them easily. Now you're ready to set it up.

Set up your workspace and plug in

Plug the USB-C connector into the USB-C port on your PC.

If you want to use a wired network connection, connect an Ethernet cable to the Ethernet port.

To connect an external display, do one of the following, depending on which kind of video connection your external display supports:

HDMI connection . Take an HDMI cable and plug one end into the HDMI port on your external display and plug the other end into the HDMI port on your hub. If your video cable doesn't have an HDMI connector, you'll need to buy another cable or an adapter. For more info on adapters, go to Connect Surface to a TV, monitor, or projector .

VGA connection . Take a VGA cable and plug one end into the VGA port on your display. Plug the other end into the VGA port on your hub.

Plug your USB computer peripherals into the USB or USB-C port on your hub—depending on which kind of USB connection your peripheral uses.

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Airline Hub Guide: Which U.S. Cities Are Major Hubs and Why it Matters

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See recent posts by Ricky Radka

The favored model of the American airline industry since its deregulation in 1978, airport hubs have formed the backbone of the country’s present-day aviation network and marketplace. Nowadays these hub-and-spoke systems have become ubiquitous in the U.S. travel sphere, replacing most previous point-to-point models offered by airlines.

By providing greater efficiency and profitability, the hub system seems here to stay, so lets took a look at how this transportation model can benefit both the airline and the passengers they carry.

Why Hubs Matter for Passengers

In a perfect world, every flight would be nonstop, and you'd be jetting off to your destination without any extended connection times or roundabout routings. But in that perfect world, your airfare would likely cost triple.

So why do hubs matter for passengers? The almighty dollar. If airlines can reduce costs by running an efficient hub-and-spoke system, they can, in theory , pass along the savings to the customer. While airport connections aren’t always ideal, hubs allow for carriers to provide more extensive route networks, streamlined operations, and lower fares.

And those low fares come in several forms.

Some of the best-unadvertised savings in the entire aviation marketplace come in the form of hub attacks by competing airlines. These fare wars often instigated by rival carriers trying to undercut prices on select routes from a competitor hub airport, sometimes to the tune of hundreds of dollars.

As an example, Delta might try to drum up sales in a market such as Houston (IAH) that are traditionally dominated by United Airlines by listing fares to destinations in say, Europe or Hawaii, for half the going price. By instigating a fare war, Delta can cut into United’s hub profits and sway customers who are generally handcuffed to United’s monopolized airfares to try their product instead.

These so-called fare wars often escalate quickly with multiple airlines getting in on the action targeting rivals’ hometown hubs across the country. By knowing which hub is nearest to you and which airlines tend to undercut prices when a fare war kicks up might be key in grabbing a rock-bottom fare during one of these short-lived unadvertised sales and save big.

Why Hubs Matter for Airlines

Consolidated route networks play a big part in how airlines can shed overhead on their overall operational costs. Hubs allow airlines to funnel feeder flights with lower passenger volumes through strategically placed airports without having to allot larger aircraft on less popular city-to-city pairings. Thus, adjusting for the total number of travelers on routes and reducing empty seats – the bane of every carrier’s bottom line.

For example, instead of offering a nonstop point-to-point option between two smaller cities like Des Moines (DSM) and Dayton (DAY) that would more than likely fly half empty, these two markets connect through a midway hub like Detroit (DTW) or Chicago (ORD) . This allows the airline to better utilize its aircraft and corral passengers between the two points at a profitable schedule while reducing its risk of low passenger loads.

Hubs also provide airlines with a centralized work base for employees, allow for more timely mechanical fixes, and provide additional options for aircraft swaps or adjustments, all of which significantly reduce operating costs compared to a point-to-point system.

Related: The Best and Worst Airlines for 2021

A List of Airport Hubs Across America

The following is a list of major U.S.-based carriers and the location of their airport hubs cities.

(Red dots indicate hubs – Yellow for focus cities)

Alaska airlines.

Focused on West Coast markets, Alaska Airlines operates five hubs with its primary hub and headquarters located at Seattle–Tacoma International Airport (SEA). Focus cities of San Diego (SAN) and San Jose (SJC) round out the carrier’s prodigious Pacific Coast presence.

Map showing hubs and focus cities for Alaska Airlines

  • Seattle/Tacoma (SEA) – Primary Hub
  • Anchorage (ANC)
  • Los Angeles (LAX)
  • Portland (PDX)
  • San Francisco (SFO)

Focus Cities

  • San Diego (SAN)
  • San Jose (SJC)

American Airlines

As the world's largest airline, American routes its nearly 200,000,000+ annual passengers through its ten major U.S. hubs. Following its merger with US Airways in 2013, American added Phoenix (PHX), Philadelphia (PHL), Washington DC (DCA), and Charlotte (CLT) to its roster of hub airports. While unofficial, Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) is considered the airline’s primary hub and home to the company’s global headquarters.

  • Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW) – Primary Hub
  • Charlotte (CLT)
  • Chicago–O’Hare (ORD)
  • Miami (MIA)
  • New York–Kennedy (JFK)
  • New York–LaGuardia (LGA)
  • Philadelphia (PHL)
  • Phoenix (PHX)
  • Washington DC–National (DCA)

Related: American Airlines 777-300ER Business Class Review

Delta Air Lines

Considered to be the first mega-hub in America, Atlanta’s Hartsfield–Jackson International Airport (ATL) is also the world’s busiest and the primary hub for hometown Delta Air Lines. After finalizing its merger with Northwest Airlines in 2010, Delta inherited hubs at Minneapolis (MSP) and Detroit (DTW) and upgraded its presence in Boston (SEA) in 2019 bringing its total hub count to nine.

Map showing the hubs and focus cities for Delta Airlines

  • Atlanta (ATL) - Primary Hub
  • Boston (BOS)
  • Detroit (DTW)
  • Minneapolis/Saint Paul (MSP)
  • Salt Lake City (SLC)
  • Seattle/Tacoma (SEA)
  • Raleigh/Durham (RDU)

United Airlines

Chicago-based United Airlines operates a total of seven hubs in the States, including its prime base at hometown O'Hare (ORD) airport. Its merger with Continental Airlines in 2010 has resulted in the addition of Newark (EWR) and Houston-Intercontinental (IAH) to its roster of hub airports. Cleveland Hopkins International (CLE) a former Continental hub has been disbanded by United in favor of increased service at other regional airports.

  • Chicago–O’Hare (ORD) - Primary Hub
  • Denver (DEN)
  • Houston–Intercontinental (IAH)
  • Newark (EWR)
  • Washington DC–Dulles (IAD)

Related: The 15 Most Exciting New Airline Routes for 2022

Hawaiian Airlines

Honolulu-based Hawaiian Airlines operates two hubs in the 50 th state – its headquarters at Daniel K. Inouye/Honolulu International Airport (HNL) and its secondary outpost on the island of Maui at Kahului Airport (OGG). Kona International Airport (KOA) and Lihue Airport (LIH) serve as focus cities for the airline.

Map showing hubs and focus cities for Hawaiian Airlines

  • Honolulu–Oahu (HNL) - Primary Hub
  • Kahului–Maui (OGG)
  • Kona–Big Island (KOA)
  • Lihue–Kauai (LIH)

Frontier Airlines forgoes maintaining multiple hubs across its network and relies on a patchwork of focus cities to connect its low-cost customers to their destinations. The budget carrier supports a solitary hub at Denver International Airport (DEN) of which most of its West Coast connections route through. On East Coast operations, Frontier tends to lean toward a point-to-point model but often routes passengers through one of its nine focus airports.

Map showing the hubs and focus cities for Frontier Airlines

  • Denver (DEN) – Operating Base
  • Atlanta (ATL)
  • Cleveland (CLE)
  • Las Vegas (LAS)
  • Orlando (MCO)
  • Tampa (TPA)
  • Trenton (TTN)

Related: Is Frontier’s New High Cost Airport Fee a Scam?

Sun Country Airlines

Ultra low-cost carrier Sun Country’s route network is primarily connected through its sole hub at Minneapolis-Saint Paul International Airport (MSP). Over the last several years the airline has rapidly expanded its route network outside the confines of its Minnesota hub by adding focus airports at Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW) and Las Vegas (LAS).

Map showing hubs and focus cities for Sun Country Airlines

  • Minneapolis/Saint Paul (MSP) – Primary Hub
  • Dallas/Fort Worth (DFW)

Related: How to Find the Cheapest Flight for Your Next Trip

Airlines With Operating Bases and Focus Cities Instead of Hubs

Not all airlines rely on the hub-and-spoke system; many provide point-to-point networks to route passengers on strategically chosen flight paths to compete with legacy carriers.

New York-based JetBlue prefers to maintain a single operating base at New York's John F. Kennedy Airport (JFK) instead of proclaiming a primary hub. The airline's low-cost model is heavily reliant on nonstop point-to-point offerings rather than funneling its passenger through the more common hub system. With focus airports in five other cities like Boston (BOS), Orlando (MCO), Ft. Lauderdale (FLL), Long Beach (LGB), and San Juan (SJU), JetBlue’s network leans heavy on East Coast air traffic.

  • New York-Kennedy (JFK) – Operating Base
  • Fort Lauderdale (FLL)
  • Long Beach (LGB)
  • San Juan (SJU)

Southwest Airlines

The anti-establishment answer to the hub-and-spoke system, Southwest has made its mark as the top airline to favor a point-to-point delivery for its passengers. As the largest domestic carrier in the United States, Southwest prefers to assign its important airports as operating bases. The airline currently lists 11 airports as operating bases. Southwest's recent expansion to Hawaii has given the carrier a strong presence at Honolulu International Airport (HNL), but the airline has yet to designate it a focus city or operating base.

(Only airports designated as operating bases shown)

  • Baltimore (BWI)
  • Chicago–Midway (MDW)
  • Dallas–Love Field (DAL)
  • Houston–Hobby (HOU)
  • Los Angles (LAX)
  • Oakland (OAK)

Related: What You Should Know Before Flying Spirit Airlines

Spirit Airlines

Ultra-low-cost carrier Spirit Airlines skips doling out the term hub to its busiest airports in favor of labeling them operating bases. The no-frills airline connects some itineraries through one of its seven nationwide stations but for the most part, relies on single leg city-to-city service to deliver passengers to their destinations.

  • Atlantic City (ACY)

Featured image by Nazarkru / shutterstock.com

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Best USB Hubs: Powered, Portable and Type-C

Add more USB ports to your laptop or desktop.

Best USB Hubs

Every PC owner needs at least one USB hub to add ports, put connections within easy reach or supply more power for charging/operation than your computer delivers on its own. One glance at the USB hub listings on Amazon will tell you that the market is full of choices, from tiny portable hubs that you can stash in your bag to large, powered hubs you'll want to keep on your desk. 

Though there are plenty of choices, not all of them are among the best USB hubs, and not all will meet your needs. To help you choose, we've tested more than a dozen models with different capabilities and listed the very best USB hubs on this page. We've also got some tips for picking the right type of USB hub.

What to Look For in a USB Hub

Why you can trust Tom's Hardware Our expert reviewers spend hours testing and comparing products and services so you can choose the best for you. Find out more about how we test .

To find the best USB hub for your needs, consider the following:

  • Upstream connection (Type-A or Type-C?): USB hubs have multiple downstream ports to connect to your devices but only one upstream connector, which could be a port but is often a built-in wire that connects to your computer. Many laptops, including a lot of the best Ultrabooks , only have USB-C ports, so your hub's upstream connector would have to be Type-C.
  • Output ports: Make sure you get enough ports to attach the number of devices you’re likely to need. Most USB hubs have at least 3, more often 4, output ports, but at your desk, you may need a lot more than that. Also, consider whether you are attaching any USB-C devices (most output ports on hubs are Type-A).
  • Speed: Most USB hubs operate at standard USB 3.0 (aka USB 3.2 Gen 1) speeds of 5 Gbps. However, a few can deliver 10 Gbps. There are also some cheapies that are limited to USB 2; avoid those at all costs.
  • Powered or not? Some USB hubs come with their own AC adapters so that they can provide more power than your computer delivers from one of its ports. Bus power from your computer can be pretty low, not enough to juice several power-hungry peripherals at once or to charge devices at a reasonable rate. By definition, a USB hub that needs its own plug isn’t very portable.
  • Any extra connectivity? Some USB-C hubs will come with HDMI out, allowing you to connect to a monitor, provided that your PC can output video from its Type-C port. Other hubs have microSD or SD card readers built-in.

Best USB Hubs

1. sabrent hb-b7c3, 10-port usb 3.0 hub.

Our expert review:

Specifications

Reasons to buy, reasons to avoid.

Getting a desktop USB hub like the Sabrent HB-B7C3 will change your tech life, both because of the amount of ports it has and because you can turn each one on and off. Sabrent's powered hub has a whopping ten USB Type-A ports, seven of which can do data transfer with the remaining three serving as changing ports only, capable of delivering more wattage to juice your phone, headset or tablet. 

Each USB port has its own dedicated power button and, unlike with some competitors we tested, Sabrent's port buttons depress quickly, and have solid mechanical switches that make a pleasant clicky noise and stay in the up or down position. There's also a cool-looking blue status light to let you know whether a port is on or off.

I have been using the Sabrent HB-BUP7, the nearly-identical 7-port sibling to the HB-B7C3, as my daily driver for more than a year, and having these buttons is a real game changer. Changing default audio devices in Windows is a royal pain, requiring one to go into the control panel to, for example, make sound come out of your headset instead of your speakers. But with the power switches, I just turn off my USB speaker and turn on the wireless headphone dongle, or vice versa. 

Anyone who works with microcontrollers such as the Raspberry Pi Pico or any Arduino board knows that most of these devices don't have on / off switches or even reset buttons. So, if you change code and need to restart them or you just want to power them off, you often need to yank the plug in and out, a huge hassle that could damage your gear. But with the Sabrent HB-B7C3, you can just toggle power on whatever port your microcontroller is plugged into.

The build quality on Sabrent's 10-port USB hub is the best we've seen on any hub we've tested. The clean lines, compact shape and tasteful lights and buttons make this look like a truly premium product. Having seven different data ports means that you can have all of your peripherals plugged in – your mouse, keyboard, webcam, microphone, 2FA key, speakers and headphones – and still have a port or two to spare.

The hub is powered by a massive 60-watt power adapter that looks like a laptop brick (we wish it were smaller). Sabrent boasts that the 3 charging ports deliver 2.4 amps of power while the data ports max out at 0.9 amps. As we found out when we we plugged our power load tester into the ports, both the charging and data ports are capable of delivering as much as 3.8 or 4.9 amps but only if you drop the voltage down to 4.05 volts (on all USB chargers, the volts go down if you request too many amps). 

At 4.8 volts, which is around the minimum voltage most USB devices will tolerate, we got 1.25 and 1.32 amps from the charging and data ports, respectively. When I plugged my Android phone in to charge, a real-world situation because a device will negotiate the best combination of volts and amps, the charging ports sent 4.78 volts at 1.35 amps while the data ports gave the same amount of volts, but just 0.35 amps. To make a long story short, you'll get 6.4 watts from the charging ports, which is decent but not the 15-watts that fast phone chargers provide. All three charging ports should be able to deliver this at once.

All of the HB-B7C3's data ports operate at 5 Gbps and, in our tests, there was no drop off in speed from transferring data from our external SSD through the hub (versus directly connected to the PC). The 2-foot detachable upstream cable is helpful but we need an extension cable to reach all the way to the back of our desktop PC. 

At $44 at press time, the Sabrent HB-B7C3 doesn't come cheap, but it's definitely worth the price. If you don't need the charging ports, you can save a little cash and desk space with the 7-port, Sabrent HB-BUP7 ($38 at press time), which also has a smaller power adapter. You can also splurge for the Sabrent HB-BU10 ($60 at press time), which has 10 data ports and no charging ports. 

2. Anker PowerExpand 4-in-1 USB-C Hub (with built-in SSD)

All MacBooks and many of the best Ultrabooks come with only USB-C ports, and just a couple of them. That’s why there are so many portable USB hubs that connect to a computer via a built-in USB-C cable and then provide a few Type-A ports, along with some extra goodies such as an HDMI out or a card reader. Anker’s PowerExpand 4-in-1 USB-C hub has one whiz-bang feature we haven’t seen anywhere else, and that’s a built-in 256GB SSD. 

The built-in SSD makes this hub double as a backup drive, which could be really handy if you need to copy files on the go or if your laptop doesn’t have a ton of internal storage. On our tests, the SSD was really quick, copying a 25GB file at 357.4 MBps read and 261.4 MBps write speeds. Those numbers were nearly identical to the 357 / 277.2 MBps we got from our external SSD (when run through this hub).

In addition to the SSD, the Anker PowerExpand has an HDMI out port and two USB 3.x Type-A ports that operate at 5 Gbps. There’s a USB-C power pass-through you can plug your laptop’s power adapter – up to a 100-watt unit – so that you can charge your computer while using this hub (the USB-C port does not work for data transfer; we tried). 

The Anker’s rounded, gray plastic design looks premium enough and its built-in, upstream USB-C cable tucks into its side for added portability. However, at just 6 inches, this is a very short cord. If you need a longer cord, you require more ports, or you don’t want to pay a high price (currently $99) for your USB hub, look elsewhere. But if you can afford it, the PowerExpand’s built-in SSD is quite a perk.

3. Anker 541 USB-C Hub for iPads

If you have a recent-gen iPad with a USB-C connector, you may find yourself wishing you could connect a USB Type-A device, headphones or even an external display. Anker’s 541 USB-C Hub for iPads has you covered with a unique design that’s meant to snap right into the side of your tablet or even a USB-C laptop. There’s no wire as the USB-C plug and a slight, protruding chin hold the entire metal hub in place.

The Anker 541 has a lot of outputs, but only one of them is a USB 3.x Type-A port that operates at 5 Gbps. So, if you were planning to plug in multiple USB devices, you’re out of luck. However, the hub has HDMI out, a micro SD / SD card reader, a 3.5mm audio jack and a USB-C power passthrough for charging your device. That’s a lot of functionality in a compact package.

While the USB-C port on iPads only operates at USB 2.0 speeds (480 Mbps), the Anker 541 can do the full 5 Gbps of USB 3, which makes it a solid choice for MacBooks and lightweight PC laptops that have USB-C. In our tests connecting an external SSD, the USB Type-A port on the hub operated at the same speed as a Type-A port on our test PC.

4. Anker 4-Port Ultra Slim USB 3.0 Hub

Sometimes you just need a few extra USB Type-A ports on your laptop or desktop and you don’t want something that takes up a lot of space in your bag or on your table. At just 0.39 inches thick and 3.68 inches long, Anker’s 4-port Ultra Slim is very discrete. The hub has a built-in, 2-foot cable that’s long enough for any portable use, though you may want to use the attached hook and loop cable tie to keep it from getting tangled.

The Anker 4-Port Ultra Slim, as its name suggests, has four USB 3.x Type-A outputs and a single built-in Type-A upstream cable. As with every other hub on this list, we tested the Ultra Slim and found that it did not have any effect on transfer rates, providing our external SSD the same read and write speeds it got when connected directly to our laptop.

Though it has a very reasonable price ($12.99 at press time), Anker’s hub seems to have very solid build quality compared to some competitors, with a hard matte black plastic shell that shows no obvious seams and an attractive blue power light, though the casing got a little scratched as we carried it around. The Anker hub’s premium design stands in stark contrast to another cheap hub we tested, the Atolla USB 3.0 Hub Splitter, which has a glossy plastic shell with a line down the middle where two pieces of plastic were clearly glued or snapped together (and I fear could come apart some day).

5. Sabrent HB-U3CR

Sabrent's HB-U3CR looks like it was built for MacBooks, thanks to a gunmetal gray aluminum chassis and a stylish, slanted design that will prop it up at an insertion-friendly angle on any table. However, it's an equally strong choice for use with a PC laptop that has USB-C ports and needs a few USB Type-A connections. 

The HB-U3CR's small size and built-in cable make it easy to throw into your laptop bag, but a magnetic sticker that comes with it allows you to set up a permanent spot on your desk where you can attach and detach it, without fear of it falling over when you tug on the wire. It has three USB Type-A 3.x (5 Gbps) ports and a card reader that supports both microSD and SD cards, a boon for folks who are either using a digital camera or working with Raspberry Pis (which use microSD cards as their boot drives). 

On our tests, the Sabrent HUB-U3 did not introduce any lag into file transfers, which means it won't hurt your performance. However, like most USB hubs on the market, it is limited to 5 Gbps, so that’s the top speed even if you connect it to a thunderbolt port and 10 Gbps USB peripheral. The 2-foot, built-in USB cord is about standard for a portable hub, but could be too short if you plan to use it with a desktop PC that you keep on the floor or far from your peripherals.

6. Inatek HB2025AL10 Gbps Hub

If you're using an external storage device – perhaps an NVMe drive you've put in one of the best SSD enclosures – you’d benefit a great deal from using a hub that supports 10 Gbps connections – alternatively known as USB 3.1 Gen 2 or USB 3.2 Gen 2. Unfortunately, very few USB hubs actually support these higher speeds and even fewer still support the 10 Gbps speed when it comes from a Type-A, rather than a Type-C, port. 

The Inatek HB2025AL gives you four USB Type-A 10 Gbps output ports and one upstream Type-A 10 Gbps connector that's on a built-in cable. Considering that few laptops have USB Type-A ports that support 10 Gbps and few desktops have 10 Gbps Type-A ports on the front panel, you're probably going to be plugging this into the back of your motherboard. The model we tested was actually the HB2025A, which has a 1.6-foot cable, but we're recommending you spend an extra dollar or two to get the HB2025AL which has a 3.3-foot cable instead. Even 3.3 feet could be short if you're working with a desktop that’s on the floor.

You can also get other versions of Inatek's USB hub, the HB2025 for example, that connect to your computer via USB-C, which is a more common interface for 10 Gbps connections, particularly on laptops. We really wish one of these hubs had a mix of USB-C and USB Type-A downstream ports, but they are all Type-A downstream. 

No matter what version of Inatek's hub you choose, the 10 Gbps connection is very welcome if you're working with external drives. Our test laptop did not have a USB Type-A 10 Gbps port so we connected the hub to a port on the back of our desktop and got read-and-write transfer rates of 684.7 and 492 MBps on our DiskBench 25GB test. By way of comparison, we got rates of 358.1 and 274.8 MBps when connected to a standard 5 Gbps port on our laptop, so the 10 Gbps speed makes quite a bit of difference.

7. JoyReken 4-Port Mini USB 3.0 Hub

Several portable USB hubs could fit in your pants pocket or your bag, but here’s one that’s so small that it can fit in the your shirt pocket or the front pocket on your Members Only jacket and nobody would even notice it. JoyReken’s 4-Port Mini USB 3.0 hub is a hub-on-a-stick that plugs directly into a Type-A port and provides you with four USB 3.0 Type-A connections, along with a cute RGB light show that cycles through a series of colors (you can’t control the patterns or turn them off).

We can’t decide whether the idea of turning a USB hub into a stick which has a male connector instead of a cable is a great idea in the long term. In the short term, it’s very convenient to have something this small that turns one USB 3.0 port into four, and performance was solid – identical to connecting directly to the laptop’s USB Type-A port in our tests. However we worry about what happens when you accidentally exert too much force when plugging a device into the JoyReken hub when it’s dangling off of the edge of your laptop; could it snap? We didn’t press hard enough on our review unit to find out.

8. Atolla 7-Port USB Data Hub Splitter

This is a budget-friendly alternative to Sabrent’s HB series of USB hubs as it has 7 USB 3.0  data ports you can turn on and off, along with one dedicated charging port, and costs a lot less ($21 at press time). However, Atolla definitely cut some corners to get it to this price.

The chassis looks kind of ugly with a cheap-looking shiny plastic that’s a fingerprint magnet. The power toggle buttons for each port are soft and require you to hold them down for a second or two to change their state, which is a step down from the clicky buttons on Sabrent’s hubs. Also, the USB cable is built-in, so you can’t replace it with a longer one.

Similar to the Sabrent HB-U3CR, the Atolla delivered 1.2 amps at 4.8 volts on our power test and it charged our phone at 4.78 volts and 1.35 watts. The Atolla hub also offered similar performance to other hubs; we detected no slowdowns when copying files with our test SSD.

How We Test USB Hubs

When it comes to USB hubs, most of the time, the specs don’t lie. If you see a hub that has USB 3.x (USB 3.0 or USB 3.2 Gen 1) ports, those ports should operate at the same exact speed as connecting a device directly to a USB 3 port on your computer. To find out if any of  the hubs we tested created a data bottleneck, we hooked up an external SSD – a PCIe 3.0 M.2 drive in a 10 Gbps enclosure – to the hub, which we connected to a laptop. We then used DiskBench to copy a 25GB folder both to and from the disk and compared the numbers to those we got when connecting the disk directly to the laptop. 

In all cases but one, there was no change in performance from using a hub. Using the 5 Gbps interface on most USB hubs and on our laptop, we got read transfer rates of 355 to 360 MBps and write transfer rates of 273 to 285 MBps. The exact numbers could vary from one run to the next so there is no point in listing the results from each hub — they are all within the margin of error of each other. Only one hub, the Sabrent HB-UMP3, showed a slowdown in its write speed, dropping down to 179.5 MBps, about a 35 percent reduction in speed.

We also did power testing on every powered USB hub. To see just how much electricity the ports could deliver, we connected a MakerHawk Electronic Load Tester to the hub and tried to dial up as many amps as we could. As we dial up amps on any device, the voltage drops, so a 5 volt USB port could drop down to 4 volts or less as we increase the load, but USB devices need close to 5 volts – 4.7 or 4.8 volts is usually enough – so we tested how many amps we could get at 4.8 volts and at the, likely unacceptable, rate of 4.05 volts. 

We also connected an Android phone to the ports and recorded how many volts and amps it received. The phone charging test was probably the most realistic as it showed what kind of volts and amps a real device would negotiate with the hub.

Other USB Hubs We Tested

Not every USB Hub is one of the best USB hubs you can buy. We tested a number of other models that are worth considering, but not necessarily at the head of the class. 

  • Sabrent HB-BUP7 (7 ports, powered) We love this hub and it’s my personal daily driver. This is the 7-port version of the 10-port Sabrent HB-U3CR we recommend and, for some folks, a better choice because it’s more compact. However, at press time, it was only $6 cheaper than the 10-port model with charging ports, so the HB-U3CR gets the nod for giving you three charging ports for only a little more cash.
  • Sabrent HB-U3CR This is the 4-port version of Sabrent’s awesome line of power-switch enabled, powered USB hubs. It’s dirt cheap at just $16, but it’s the only USB hub we tested that actually bottlenecked performance, cutting about 35 percent off the write speed of our external SSD. We also don’t like the layout of the ports on this as well as on its larger siblings. However, if you’re not overly concerned with performance, this is a good buy.
  • JoyReken FlyingVHUB This is a standard, bus-powered 4-port USB Type-A 3.0 hub with a built-in USB Type-A upstream cable. The main twist here is that the hub is pyramid shaped and has a little RGB light in the shape of a V in the middle. You can change the color pattern a little by hitting a button, and there's a USB-C port on the back that appears to do nothing (it gave power to a device, but didn't send data).
  • Ugreen USB-C 4-port Hub At $14.99 (and on sale at press time), this a solid choice for MacBook owners or anyone who needs a cheap, portable hub that has a USB-C upstream connector and four down-stream Type-A ports. It even has a USB-C power pass-through you can use for charging your laptop.
  • Atolla USB 3.0 Hub Splitter Available for less than $10 at press time, this portable USB hub is a good value with an interesting twist. The Atolla has a single, built-in Type-A cable to connect to your laptop, along with four Type-A USB 3.x ports for output. Each of its four downstream ports has an on / off switch, which is something we love on powered, desktop hubs but is less necessary on a portable hub where you're not leaving things plugged in for long periods. The 6-inch, built-in upstream cable is too short for a lot of people.

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  • calvynlee I am looking for a hub with 1 VGA + 1 HDMI output, and several questions in my mind. 1. Is it possible to connect to both VGA + HDMI monitors using the Hub & both active at the same time? The display set to extend mode (not duplicate mode)? 2. Since now-a-days a lot of hubs is USB type C as input, and usually our desktop doesn't have type-C port. Can I use converter such as type C to type A USB and connect to my desktop? Any one experience before above scenario? Reply
  • gobuddy What is the importance of having individual power switches. Does it stop the electricity leaking out? It's very unusual to want to switch devices on and off. Reply
gobuddy said: What is the importance of having individual power switches. Does it stop the electricity leaking out? It's very unusual to want to switch devices on and off.
  • Magma Man Did I miss how USB speed tests were performed? I would like to replicate the results. I was hoping to see the data that was used to compare the different hubs. Where I am seeing severe degradation in transfer speeds using USB 3 hubs is from SSD to SSD connected to the same hub. Was any testing performed using this scenario? Seems the more connections used the lower the speeds, how much will peripheral to peripheral transfers slow down peripheral to computer transfers. Example, using a sabrnet USB 3 hub to transfer a 9Gb file SSD to SSD (hub port yo hub port) takes over 9 minutes, while it only takes 15 seconds to transfer to or from the computer. Reasons or hypothesis on why the huge difference? I would like to find a product that would not be so slow port to port, as I consider Can you please explain the best testing environment setup? How to establish a solid baseline? Software used. What to use for data transfer. I would like to use a tool that looks more like an "analyzer" that would display real time data rate transfers. Thank you. Reply
Admin said: Whether it's a tiny portable hub or a desktop unit with extra power, you need a USB hub to make the most of your computer. We've tested over a dozen models to find the best. Best USB Hubs: Powered, Portable and Type-C : Read more
  • jfii Shouldn't there be a cause for concern when connecting multiple USB devices through an unpowered USB hub? This practice could potentially strain the power supply of your computer, leading to issues such as diminished voltage regulation, overheating, and / or a shortened service life. Reply
  • View All 6 Comments

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International Conference TRANSBALTICA: Transportation Science and Technology

TRANSBALTICA 2022: TRANSBALTICA XIII: Transportation Science and Technology pp 645–654 Cite as

Analysis of International Air Hubs: A Competitiveness Review

  • Aya Medany   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4082-2706 7 ,
  • Ilmars Blumbergs   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-0975-6771 7 &
  • Khaled Elsakty   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0003-2430-9152 8  
  • Conference paper
  • First Online: 22 February 2023

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Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Intelligent Transportation and Infrastructure ((LNITI))

The air transport industry is characterized by the consequences of the speedy and momentous impacts of surrounding actions and economic and social changes. An airport hub serves as a center point that connects everyone and everything. Because they protect the financial interests of airlines and satisfy the connectivity requirements of both passengers and cargo, hubs continue to play a significant role in aviation. An efficient hub airport with enough extra space will increase passenger options and encourage airline competition by allowing additional competitors, routes, and frequencies. The airport networks need to apply the developed management and use its features to try to arrive at the optimum results and used its facilities such as: (geographical, capital, the ability for multi-model transports, ready to apply with the future technology, ready to welcome the companies such as FedEx and DHL, applying e-airport with e-airline with e- freight with e-AWB). This helps to achieve maximum growth and to be able to face rapid growth. Future airport networks need to reach all sites, so they should employ several different transmission technologies. Accordingly, this paper aims to compare the competitiveness of the busiest hub in each continent or region in 2019 for cargo and passengers which will be Hong Kong airport (HKIA) for Asia, Frankfurt hub (Fraport) for Europe, in Africa Addis Ababa air hub (ADD) and Cairo international airport hub (CAI), while for middle east will be Dubai airport (DXB).

  • Addis Ababa airport
  • Air Transport Logistics
  • Cairo Airport
  • Frankfurt airport
  • Hong Kong airport
  • Hub competition and competitive factors

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Al-Mehairi, J.M.: Dubai’s geographic location and its advantages for the air transportation industry. Arab World Geogr. 19 (3–4), 352–367 (2016)

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Medany, A., Blumbergs, I., Elsakty, K. (2023). Analysis of International Air Hubs: A Competitiveness Review. In: Prentkovskis, O., Yatskiv (Jackiva), I., Skačkauskas, P., Maruschak, P., Karpenko, M. (eds) TRANSBALTICA XIII: Transportation Science and Technology. TRANSBALTICA 2022. Lecture Notes in Intelligent Transportation and Infrastructure. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-25863-3_62

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Largest Airline Hubs in USA that Cater to the Growing Passenger Volumes

Largest Airline Hubs in USA

As one of the global aviation leaders, the United States is home to some of the largest airlines in the world. And major airports in the US with state-of-the-art infrastructure serve as the largest airline hubs . 

Cirium recently released data that offers a fascinating glimpse on the airline hubs across the US. From American Airline hub to JetBlue airline hub, learn about the top ones here. So, the next time you are traveling from USA to India or anywhere else, you know which airport serves your favorite carrier. 

Dallas Fort Worth International Airport: American Airlines Hub

In the realm of major airline hubs, American Airlines holds a prominent position with its strategic base nestled in the heart of Texas at Dallas Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) . Recent data reveals that in the 12-month period ending in April 2023, this renowned oneworld carrier scheduled an impressive 37.3 million seats departing from DFW, reflecting a notable 3% increase compared to the previous year.

What sets American Airlines apart from Delta’s Atlanta hub is its remarkable growth trajectory, surpassing the figures recorded in the pre-pandemic year of 2019/20 by a significant margin of 8%. An interesting fact worth mentioning is that American Airlines’ headquarters are conveniently located in close proximity to the Dallas/Fort Worth Airport, further solidifying its strong presence in the region.

Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International: Delta Air Lines Hub

In the realm of airline hubs within the United States, Delta Air Lines proudly takes the top spot for the total number of scheduled departing seats in the 12-month period concluding in April 2023. Operating from its primary base at Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International (ATL), this colossal carrier scheduled an astounding 42.84 million seats during this year-long timeframe.

Although this figure signifies a commendable 3% increase when compared to the 12-month period ending in April 2022, it remains 8% lower than the figures observed in the year concluding in April 2020. Nonetheless, Delta maintains a significant lead over its competitors, solidifying its position as the largest airline hub in the US.

Denver International Airport: United Airlines Hub

Joining the ranks of prominent US airlines, United Airlines emerges as a key player and a valued member of the esteemed Star Alliance. Anchored at Denver International Airport (DEN) in Colorado, United’s significant hub contributes to the airport’s standing as the fourth-ranked facility overall. 

Remarkably, United scheduled a notable 19.2 million seats from this hub during the 12-month period concluding in April 2023, showcasing a commendable 11% increase compared to both the years 2019/20 and 2021/22. This growth reaffirms United Airlines’ commitment to providing exceptional air travel experiences.

Seattle-Tacoma Airport: Alaska Airlines Hub

Alaska Airlines, a prominent figure in the US aviation industry, has strategically positioned its central hub outside the state from which it derives its name. Located at Seattle-Tacoma Airport (SEA) in Washington, this hub serves as a vital nexus for the airline’s operations.

Seattle-Tacoma Airport, ranked ninth overall, saw an impressive 15.02 million seats offered on scheduled Alaska Airlines departures during the 12-month period concluding in April 2023. Notably, this figure marks a remarkable 5% increase when compared to both the years 2019/20 and 2021/22. The continuous growth underscores Alaska Airlines’ commitment to providing enhanced travel experiences and expanding its presence in the industry.

John F. Kennedy International Airport: JetBlue Airline Hub

JetBlue, a dynamic hybrid carrier renowned for its expansion efforts and the introduction of transatlantic flights, has experienced remarkable growth in recent years. The airline’s primary hub, situated at the iconic John F. Kennedy International Airport (JFK) in New York, holds the 21st position among US airports in terms of scheduled departing seats on JetBlue flights. 

In the period of 2022/2023, this bustling hub accommodated an impressive 10.33 million seats, showcasing a substantial 20% increase compared to the preceding year of 2021/2022, and an astonishing surge of 26% when compared to the pre-pandemic era of 2019/2020. JetBlue’s continuous ascent in the aviation industry is a testament to its commitment to innovation and customer satisfaction, solidifying its status as a key player in the market.

Denver International Airport: Southwest Airlines Hub

Denver International Airport serves as a hub of a popular budget airline in the US, Southwest Airlines. This vibrant hub occupies the respectable 10th spot on the national scale, as the distinctive blue-clad carrier scheduled a remarkable 13.84 million seats departing from Denver’s airport during the period of 2022/23. 

This figure not only highlights a noteworthy 9% increase from the previous year but also represents an impressive surge of 25% compared to the year 2019/20. Southwest Airlines continues to soar, providing affordable travel options and steadily expanding its reach in the industry.

These figures highlight the dynamic landscape of airline hubs in the United States. From Delta’s dominance in Atlanta to American Airlines’ stronghold in Dallas, each carrier strategically positions itself for maximum efficiency and connectivity.

As air travel gradually rebounds from the challenges of the pandemic, these hubs serve as critical junctions, facilitating seamless journeys for millions of passengers. They represent the lifelines of the airlines, enabling them to efficiently operate their extensive domestic and international networks.

With ongoing advancements and expansions in the airline industry, the largest airline hubs in the USA will continue to evolve and adapt to meet the changing needs of travelers. As passengers seek convenience and connectivity, the major airlines will invest in their hub airports to enhance the overall travel experience.

Whether it’s Delta’s bustling hub in Atlanta, American Airlines’ Texan stronghold, United Airlines’ hub in the Rockies, or Alaska Airlines’ gateway in Seattle, each of these largest airline hubs plays a vital role in shaping the future of air travel in the United States.

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The Ultimate Guide to Airline Hubs Globally [115+ Airlines]

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The Ultimate Guide to Airline Hubs Globally [115+ Airlines]

What is an Airline Hub?

What is a focus city, why should i care about airline hubs, aegean airlines hubs, aer lingus hubs, aeroflot hubs, aerolíneas argentinas hubs, aeromexico hubs, airasia hubs, air astana hubs, air canada hubs, air china hubs, air dolomiti hubs, air europa hubs, air france hubs, air india hubs, air macau hubs, air malta hubs, air mauritius hubs, air new zealand hubs, air serbia hubs, air tahiti nui hubs, air transat hubs, aircalin hubs, alaska airlines hubs, allegiant airlines hubs, american airlines hubs, all nippon airways (ana) hubs, asiana airlines hubs, austrian airlines hubs, avianca hubs, azores airlines hubs, azul brazilian airlines hubs, bamboo airways hubs, bangkok airways hubs, british airways hubs, brussels airlines hubs, cathay pacific hubs, china airlines hubs, china eastern hubs, china southern hubs, condor hubs, copa airlines hubs, croatia airlines hubs, czech airlines hubs, delta air lines hubs, edelweiss air hubs, egyptair hubs, emirates hubs, ethiopian airlines hubs, etihad airways hubs, eurowings hubs, eva air hubs, fiji airways hubs, finnair hubs, french bee hubs, frontier airlines hubs, garuda indonesia hubs, gulf air hubs, hainan airlines hubs, hawaiian airlines hubs, hk express hubs, hong kong airlines hubs, iberia hubs, icelandair hubs, interjet hubs, japan airlines (jal) hubs, jetblue hubs, jetstar hubs, kenya airways hubs, korean air hubs, la compagnie hubs, lot polish airlines hubs, lufthansa hubs, luxair hubs, malaysia airlines hubs, middle east airlines hubs, norwegian air international hubs, oman air hubs, pakistan international airlines hubs, philippine airlines hubs, qantas hubs, qatar airways hubs, royal air maroc hubs, royal brunei airlines hubs, royal jordanian hubs, rwandair hubs, s7 airlines hubs, scandinavian airlines (sas) hubs, saudia hubs, shanghai airlines hubs, singapore airlines hubs, south african airways hubs, southwest airlines hubs, spirit airlines hubs, srilankan airlines hubs, sun country airlines hubs, swiss international air lines hubs, taag angola airlines hubs, tap air portugal hubs, thai airways hubs, transavia airlines hubs, turkish airlines hubs, ukraine international hubs, united airlines hubs, uzbekistan airways hubs, vietnam airlines hubs, virgin atlantic hubs, virgin australia hubs, vistara hubs, volaris hubs, vueling airlines hubs, westjet hubs, xiamenair hubs, final thoughts.

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Commercial aviation is one of the world’s most fascinating sectors. As a subset of leisure, tourism, and logistics industries, airlines have never been more crucial than today. The great COVID-19 outbreak of 2019-2022 has more or less brought the world to its knees in dramatic fashion.

A global pandemic has translated into economic seizures, especially due to the massive reduction in travel and therefore aviation. Despite aviation being a low-margin business due to the volatility of oil, high CapEx, and several different factors, it is still one of the most important businesses in the world.

When an airline is formed, they’ll usually designate a specific city from which its operational tendrils form a web. Hubs have become pervasive throughout aviation. Simply put, it’s much easier to strive for operational optimization if you only have to worry about 1 core city through which you operate flights.

In this guide, we’ll investigate what an airline hub is, why it’s important, and then break all of the major airlines down into their hub cities. Let’s get started.

Emirates hub and spoke route network

According to strategic aviation consultant Stephen Holloway , “An airline hub may be defined as an airport that receives many passengers or as an airport that serves as an operating base of an airline, whether or not the airline allows for connecting traffic.”

The easiest way to describe a hub for a given airline is to attribute the amount of traffic as a percentage of its total traffic. Alternatively, you can also calculate the percentage of flights operated by a particular airline in a specific airport.

There are 2 main operating strategies for airlines:

  • Airlines like Qantas, Emirates, Etihad, Qatar Airways, Singapore Airlines, and EL AL are some of the best examples of hub and spoke airlines.
  • Airlines like Southwest, Hainan Airlines, Ryanair, and easyJet are some of the best examples of point-to-point airlines

Hub and Spoke versus Point to Point

Generally, smaller planes are used on point-to-point routes due to the lower demand relative to massive hub-and-spoke routes. For example, a point-to-point Hainan Airlines flight from New York City (JFK) to Chengdu (CTU) is operated using a 787-9, and Air China operates a hub-and-spoke route from New York City (JFK) to Beijing (PEK) using a 747-8, which can hold more passengers.

To visualize, check out Etihad’s route network:

Etihad Route Network

Most of Etihad’s flights go through Abu Dhabi. This is consistent with the hub-and-spoke philosophy, which is capable of funneling travelers across the world via its hub in Abu Dhabi.

On the flip-side, let’s look at Hainan Airlines’ international route network below:

Hainan Airlines route map

As you can tell, Hainan Airlines operates several different flights and covers a lot of area with its point-to-point network. That means customers can fly on lesser-known routes like from New York City (JFK) to Chongqing (CKG) without having to inconveniently stop in Beijing (PEK) or Shanghai (PVG).

Bottom Line: An airline hub is advantageous because air transportation can be consolidated into 1 destination, which allows for a greater scale. If an airline can fill larger aircraft easily, it will realize significant cost savings. However, with technological advances from fuel-efficient aircraft and a greater appetite for convenient nonstop flights in the point-to-point model, the hub-and-spoke model is quickly losing favor. 

We discussed what hub airports are in the above section, so let’s briefly touch on focus cities. According to the Encyclopedia of Transportation: Social Science and Policy , focus cities are defined as a “ destination from which an airline operates limited point-to-point routes .”

By extension, a focus city appeals to the “local” instead of connecting markets much more than a hub city.

Airline hubs are crucial for numerous things. Since Upgraded Points has always been focused on points and premium cabin travel, we’ll be talking about airline hubs as they relate to these topics.

Knowing which hubs exist for a particular airline will be extremely important in crafting an award itinerary. After all, how can you plan a Cathay Pacific first class award flight without first knowing that Cathay Pacific’s hub is Hong Kong (HKG)?

The other, less obvious reasons why you should care about airline hubs may be as follows:

  • Hub-and-spoke routes can sometimes have the most award availability. Sometimes, it’s the other way around, where the airline’s ultra-premium routes have sufficient revenue demand, thereby drying up award availability.
  • Figuring out where airline hubs are can help you plan a journey with as little time wasted possible actually going through airports and in the air.
  • Airline hubs offer the most operational flexibility. Because most of their flights go through hubs, you can then plan a connecting flight with a convenient schedule.
  • One of the best examples of this would be comparing an itinerary on Delta nonstop from Los Angeles (LAX) to Paris (CDG). Award availability will be rare/expensive, but if you choose to go from Los Angeles (LAX) to Salt Lake City (SLC) and then to Paris (CDG), you’ll find huge award availability.
  • One other example would be comparing an itinerary on American Airlines nonstop from Los Angeles (LAX) to Hong Kong (HKG). Award availability will be nearly impossible to find, but if you start your search in Phoenix (PHX) or San Diego (SAN) and go through Los Angeles (LAX) and then finally to Hong Kong (HKG), you’ll see a ton of award availability that isn’t bookable with the nonstop option. This is known as married segment availability .

The Airline Hubs for the Top 115+ Major Airlines

Now that we’ve demonstrated why you should care about figuring out key airline hubs globally as well as their associated airlines, let’s get into our list of the top airlines in the world and discuss where they hold hub operations.

All of these images and maps were provided via searches on Great Circle Mapper , so keep that in mind. Additionally, all airline hubs are shown as red dots, while all airline focus cities are shown as blue dots .

The organization of these airlines hereafter is in alphabetical order.

Aegean Airlines hubs and focus cities

Aegean Airlines is the flag carrier of Greece. This Star Alliance airline maintains an operational strategy and focus of mostly regional flights. Unfortunately, Aegean Airlines doesn’t operate any flights to/from the U.S. This isn’t terribly surprising, as the country as a whole is still recovering from a historic sovereign debt crisis.

Aegean Airlines maintains airport hubs in:

  • Athens (ATH)*
  • Larnaca (LCA)
  • Macedonia (SKP)

Aegean Airlines maintains focus cities in:

  • Chania (CHQ)
  • Heraklion (HER)
  • Kalamata (KLX)
  • Rhodes (RHO)

* Airline headquarters

Aer Lingus hubs and focus cities

Aer Lingus is the flag carrier of Ireland. One interesting fact about Aer Lingus is that it’s not the largest airline in Ireland. That honor goes to the famous ultra-low-cost carrier Ryanair. Aer Lingus was a state-owned airline, and through several corporate actions, it is now owned by IAG, which is the parent company that owns British Airways.

Aer Lingus has a strong long-haul presence, using A330, A350, or even A321XLR aircraft for its flights. Aer Lingus has many nonstop flights from the U.S. , but its airport hub is:

  • Dublin (DUB)*

Additionally, Aer Lingus has 2 focus cities:

  • Shannon (SNN)

Aeroflot hubs and focus cities

Aeroflot is the state-owned flag carrier of Russia. If you’re thinking of flying to Russia, you’re probably going to end up flying on Aeroflot, one of the world’s oldest airlines. This SkyTeam partner maintains 1 sole hub:

  • Moscow-Sheremetyevo (SVO)*

Aerolineas Argentinas hubs and focus cities

Aerolíneas Argentinas is the flag carrier of Argentina. It’s also the largest airline in Argentina. This SkyTeam partner has 2 hub airports, both in the capital city:

  • Buenos Aires-Aeroparque (AEP)*
  • Buenos Aires-Ministro (EZE)

Additionally, Aerolíneas Argentinas has focus cities in:

  • Córdoba (COR)
  • Santa Fe (ROS)

Aeromexico hubs and focus cities

Aeromexico is the flag carrier of Mexico. This SkyTeam partner has wide-ranging airline operations. Its flight range from simple, domestic short-haul flights to ultra-long-haul flights to Asia.

Currently, Aeromexico has 1 hub airport:

  • Mexico City (MEX)*

Additionally, Aeromexico maintains 2 focus cities:

  • Guadalajara (GDL)
  • Monterrey (MTY)

AirAsia hubs and focus cities

AirAsia is a low-cost carrier with operations all around Asia. Their focus is on Southeast Asia operations. As such, its hub airport is:

  • Kuala Lumpur (KUL)*

AirAsia also has several focus cities:

  • Kota Kinabalu (KBI)
  • Kuching (KCH)
  • Penang (PEN)
  • Senai (JHB)

Air Astana hubs and focus cities

Air Astana is the flag carrier of Kazakhstan. It also happens to be a state-owned enterprise, which is majority-owned by the Kazakh Sovereign Wealth Fund. Air Astana doesn’t belong to an airline alliance, but it maintains numerous code-shares with Asian and European airlines such as Lufthansa and Asiana Airlines, respectively.

Air Astana has 2 hub airports:

  • Almaty (ALA)*
  • Nur-Sultan (TSE)

Air Canada hubs and focus cities

Air Canada is one of the largest airlines in the world. With a respectable fleet size of 189, excluding subsidiaries, and 222 destinations globally, Air Canada can leverage its vast reach across many countries.

Chiefly, Air Canada maintains hubs in familiar airports:

  • Calgary (YYC)
  • Montréal (YUL)*
  • Toronto (YYZ)
  • Vancouver (YVR)

Furthermore, Air Canada has these focus cities operating some point-to-point routes:

  • Halifax (YHZ)
  • Québec City/Ottawa (YOW)
  • St. John’s, Newfoundland (YYT)

Air China hubs and focus cities

Air China is the flag carrier of China and is also one of many state-owned airlines in China. Most known for being a Star Alliance airline and one of the largest airlines in the world, Air China’s route network is deep.

When you consider the large area of China, you’ll see why there are numerous hubs and focus cities. Air China has these hub airports:

  • Beijing (PEK)*
  • Beijing-Daxing (PKX)
  • Chengdu (CTU)
  • Shanghai (PVG)

Air China has these focus cities:

  • Chongqing (CKG)
  • Hangzhou (HGH)
  • Hohhot (HET)
  • Shenzhen (SZX)
  • Tianjin (TSN)
  • Wuhan (WUH)

Air Dolomiti hubs and focus cities

Air Dolomiti is a unique airline. This airline has its headquarters in Verona, Italy. However, the airline operates out of Munich (MUC) as its sole operating base and hub.

Air Europa hubs and focus cities

Air Europa is the third-largest Spanish airline after Iberia and Vueling. This SkyTeam airline uniquely operates a few U.S. flights using long-haul aircraft.

Air Europa maintains its hub airport at:

  • Madrid (MAD)

It also maintains 2 focus cities:

  • Palma de Mallorca (PMI)*
  • Tenerife (TFS)

Air France hubs and focus cities

Air France is one of the largest airlines in the world, and certainly one of the largest SkyTeam airlines out there. With its crucial role connecting France to the rest of the world, Air France understandably has lots of focus cities.

Air France has 2 hub airports, both in Paris:

  • Paris-Charles de Gaulle (CDG)*
  • Paris-Orly (ORY)

Air France has 5 focus cities:

  • Bordeaux (BOD)
  • Marseille (MRS)
  • Toulouse (TLS)

Air India hubs and focus cities

Air India is the financially distressed flag carrier and state-owned enterprise airline of India. This Star Alliance carrier maintains hub airports at:

  • Mumbai (BOM)
  • New Delhi (DEL)*

Also, Air India maintains focus cities around the country:

  • Ahmedabad (AMD)
  • Bangalore (BLR)
  • Chennai (MAA)
  • Cochin (COK)
  • Kolkata (CCU)
  • Trivandrum (TRV)

Air Macau hubs and focus cities

Air Macau is one of the major airlines connecting the Special Administrative Region (SAR) of Macau to the rest of the world. This market is fulfilled primarily by Chinese tourism, though Air Macau operates flights to many destinations.

Owned by Air China, Air Macau operates flights solely from its hub airport in Macau:

  • Macau (MFM)*

Air Malta hubs

Air Malta connects the rest of the world to Malta, a small island republic located south of Italy in the Mediterranean Sea. Air Malta has its sole airline hub at:

  • Malta (MLA)*

Air Mauritius hubs and focus cities

Known for perfect beaches, picturesque Mauritius is connected by its flag carrier, Air Mauritius. Located off the coast of East Africa, further out than Madagascar, Mauritius maintains 1 airline hub:

  • Mauritius (MRU)*

Air New Zealand hubs and focus cities

Air New Zealand is the most important Star Alliance partner in Oceania. This airline is the flag carrier of New Zealand and operates flights from its hub airports:

  • Auckland (AKL)*
  • Christchurch (CHC)
  • Wellington (WLG)

Additionally, Air New Zealand as 2 focus cities outside of New Zealand:

  • Los Angeles (LAX)
  • Sydney (SYD)

Air Serbia hubs and focus cities

Air Serbia is the flag carrier of the eastern European country Serbia. This airline isn’t in a specific alliance, though it uses Etihad’s frequent flyer program, Etihad Guest.

Believe it or not, Air Serbia  does operate flights from the U.S. to Serbia, and these flights are through New York City (JFK). Nevertheless, Air Serbia’s hub is located in:

  • Belgrade (BEG)*

Additionally, Air Serbia has a focus city in:

Air Tahiti Nui hubs and focus cities

Air Tahiti Nui is one of the most famous airlines in the points community. You may be shocked to find that Air Tahiti Nui operates a whopping fleet size of 4 aircraft.

Air Tahiti Nui recently operated the longest ever domestic flight from Tahiti to Paris, which was done due to COVID-19.

These are all Boeing 787-9 aircraft, and they all fly from Air Tahiti Nui’s hub airport:

  • Pape’ete (PPT)*

Air Transat hubs and focus cities

Air Transat is a Canadian airline, and it’s currently in the process of being bought out by Air Canada. Being the third-largest airline in Canada, Air Transat maintains a single hub:

Air Transat maintains 3 distinct focus cities:

  • Québec City (YQB)

Aircalin hubs and focus cities

Aircalin is the flag carrier of New Caledonia, a popular tourist destination famous for its amazing beaches. New Caledonia is a special French territory off the northeast coast of Australia. It is divided into 3 provinces, but its total land area of 7,000+ square miles is impressive for a small territory.

Aircalin operates flights out of its hub:

  • Noumea (NOU)*

Also, Aircalin operates flights out of its focus city:

  • Hihifo (WLS)

Alaska Airlines hubs and focus cities

Alaska Airlines , originally known as a low-cost carrier, has solidified itself as one of the biggest airlines in the U.S. Focusing primarily on West Coast commercial aviation, Alaska Airlines maintains several hubs:

  • Anchorage (ANC)
  • Portland (PDX)
  • San Francisco (SFO)
  • Seattle (SEA)*

Also, Alaska Airlines has its focus cities as follows:

  • San Diego (SAN)
  • San Jose (SJC)

Allegiant hubs and focus cities

Allegiant Air is one of the most successful low-cost carrier airlines with point-to-point operations. As you can see, Allegiant Air focuses on flights to/from Florida, as well as in the Midwest, Nevada, and Arizona.

It’s the ninth-largest commercial airline in the U.S., and its top hub airport bases include:

  • Fort Myers (RSW)
  • Las Vegas (LAS)*
  • Orlando-Sanford (SFB)
  • Phoenix-Mesa (AZA)
  • St. Petersburg-Clearwater (PIE)

Allegiant Air’s major focus cities are:

  • Bellingham (BLI)
  • Cincinnati (CVG)
  • Fort Lauderdale (FLL)
  • Grand Rapids (GRR)
  • Indianapolis (IND)

American Airlines hubs and focus cities

American Airlines is the largest airline in the world by numerous measures. Even though American Airlines has tons of point-to-point routes, its international departures are concentrated through its hub airports and focus cities.

This Oneworld partner airline doesn’t obviously delineate which major bases are hub airports or focus cities. However, our best stab at American Airlines’ hub airports are:

  • Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW)*
  • Miami (MIA)
  • New York City (JFK)
  • Phoenix (PHX)

We believe American Airlines’ focus cities (which are self-proclaimed hubs by American Airlines) are:

  • Charlotte (CTA)
  • Chicago (ORD)
  • New York-LaGuardia (LGA)
  • Reagan-National (DCA)

All Nippon Airways hubs and focus cities

All Nippon Airways is the largest airline in Japan. This Star Alliance partner maintains hub airports in:

  • Osaka-Itami (ITM)
  • Osaka-Kansai (KIX)
  • Tokyo-Haneda (HND)
  • Tokyo-Narita (NRT)

Also, ANA has focus cities in:

  • Fukuoka (FUK)
  • Nagoya (NGO)
  • Okinawa (OKA)
  • Sapporo (CTS)

Airline headquarters are located in Shiodome, Minato-ku, Tokyo.

Asiana Airlines hubs and focus cities

Asiana Airlines is one of the 2 major airlines headquartered in South Korea, with the other one being Korean Air. Asiana Airlines maintains most of its international flights from 3 key airport hubs:

  • Busan (PUS)
  • Seoul-Gimpo (GMP)*
  • Seoul-Incheon (ICN)

Asiana Airlines has 1 focus city in:

Austrian Airlines hubs and focus cities

Austrian Airlines is the flag carrier of Austria. It is also owned by Lufthansa Group — the parent company that owns Lufthansa, SWISS International Air Lines, and more.

Austrian Airlines is the main airline connecting Austria to the rest of the world. Its global hub is:

  • Vienna (VIE)*

Its focus cities are:

  • Innsbruck (INN)
  • Salzburg (SZG)

Avianca hubs and focus cities

Avianca is the flag carrier of Colombia. Although its headquarters are in Bogotá, its reach extends much further. With hubs and focus cities scattered all over Central and northern South America, you’ll have no shortage of flight options, thanks to its numerous airline subsidiaries, such as Avianca Ecuador or Avianca Peru.

Here are Avianca’s airline hubs:

  • Bogotá (BOG)*
  • Quito (UIO)
  • San Salvador (SAL)
  • San Jose (SJO)

Here are Avianca’s focus cities:

  • Guatemala City (GUA)
  • San Pedro Sula (SAP)
  • Managua (MGA)
  • Medellín (MDE)

Azores Airlines hubs and focus cities

Azores Airlines is a Portuguese airline, formerly known as SATA. Azores Airlines operates an extremely small fleet size of 5 airplanes. Its hub airport is:

  • Ponta Delgada (PDL)*

Azores Airlines’ focus city is:

  • Lisbon (LIS)

Azul Brazilian Airlines hubs and focus cities

Azul Brazilian Airlines is a Brazilian airliner founded by superstar airline CEO David Neeleman (founder of JetBlue). This airline is a major player in the regional aviation scene, with hubs in:

  • Belo Horizonte-Confins (CNF)
  • Campinas (VCP)
  • Recife (REC)

Also, Azul has numerous focus cities:

  • Curitiba (CWB)
  • Manaus (MAO)
  • Porto Alegre (POA)
  • Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont (SDU)
  • Salvador (SSA)
  • São Paulo-Congonhas (CGH)*
  • São Paulo-Guarulhos (GRU)*

Bamboo Airways hubs and focus cities

Bamboo Airways is a Vietnamese startup airline owned by Vietnamese conglomerate FLC Group. Currently, Bamboo Airways maintains 2 hubs:

  • Hanoi (HAN)*
  • Ho Chi Minh City (SGN)

Bangkok Airways hubs and focus cities

Bangkok Airways is a boutique regional airline that sometimes gets confused as a low-cost carrier. This airline consistently gets rave reviews and offers amazing perks, such as lounge access on economy flights and food, even on short-haul flights.

Its hubs are:

  • Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi (BKK)*
  • Phuket (HKT)
  • Chiang Mai (CNX)
  • Krabi (KBV)
  • Koh Samui (USM)

British Airways hubs and focus cities

British Airways is one of the world’s largest airlines. This Oneworld partner airline has 2 hubs in the same city:

  • London-Heathrow (LHR)*
  • London-Gatwick (LGW)

Additionally, British Airways maintains 1 U.S. focus city:

Brussels Airlines hubs and focus cities

Brussels Airlines is the flag carrier of Belgium and also the largest airline in that country. This relatively new airline was founded in 2006. Brussels Airlines is a subsidiary of Lufthansa Group, and it maintains 1 central hub at:

  • Brussels (BRU)*

Cathay Pacific and Cathay Dragon hubs and focus cities

Cathay Pacific is one of the world’s most iconic airlines. The flag carrier of Hong Kong serves tons of countries worldwide and connects international travelers to the financial capital of Asia.

A central hub airport is maintained via:

  • Hong Kong (HKG)*

Also, Cathay Pacific has 1 focus city, and that is:

  • Taipei-Taoyuan (TPE)

China Airlines hubs and focus cities

China Airlines, despite its moniker, does not have a formal association with China. Instead, China Airlines is the flag carrier of Taiwan, which is not currently a part of mainland China.

China Airlines operates chiefly out of its hub:

  • Taipei-Taoyuan (TPE)*

Also, China Airlines operates flights to/from its focus cities:

  • Hong Kong (HKG)
  • Kaohsiung (KHH)
  • Taipei-Songshan (TSA)

China Eastern hubs and focus cities

China Eastern is one of the largest airlines in the world and the second-largest airline in China. China Eastern is a SkyTeam alliance airline, and the airline is a state-owned enterprise with hubs in:

  • Beijing-Capital (PEK)
  • Kunming (KMG)
  • Qingdao (TAO)
  • Shanghai-Hongqiao (SHA)
  • Shanghai-Pudong (PVG)*
  • Xi’an (XIY)

Here are China Eastern’s focus cities (there’s a ton):

  • Dalian (DLC)
  • Guangzhou (CAN)
  • Harbin (HRB)
  • Hefei (HFE)
  • Lanzhou (LHW)
  • Nanchang (KHN)
  • Nanjing (NKG)
  • Ningbo (NGB)
  • Taiyuan (TYN)
  • Yantai (YNT)

China Southern hubs and focus cities

China Southern is the largest airline in China by passengers carried, surpassing China Eastern by around 28%. China Southern is, just like Air China and China Eastern, a state-owned airline that is overseen by the government.

China Southern has hubs in:

  • Guangzhou (CAN)*
  • Shanghai-Pudong (PVG)
  • Ürümqi (URC)

Furthermore, China Southern has a ton of focus cities:

  • Bangkok-Suvarnabhumi (BKK)
  • Changchun (CGQ)
  • Changsha (CSX)
  • Guiyang (KWE)
  • Haikou (HAK)
  • Jieyang (SWA)
  • Sanya (SYX)
  • Shenyang (SHE)
  • Zhengzhou (CGO)
  • Zhuhai (ZUH)

Condor hubs and focus cities

Condor is a German airline that was formerly a subsidiary of Thomas Cook Group. However, Thomas Cook Group declared bankruptcy and is being sold to Polish Aviation Group, which owns LOT Polish Airlines.

Currently, Condor maintains its hub at:

  • Frankfurt (FRA)*

Also, Condor has 6 focus cities:

  • Düsseldorf (DUS)
  • Hamburg (HAM)
  • Hannover (HAJ)
  • Leipzig/Halle (LEJ)
  • Munich (MUC)
  • Stuttgart (STR)

Copa Airlines hubs and focus cities

Copa Airlines is the flag carrier of Panama, the Central American logistics hub. Copa Airlines has 1 hub airport:

  • Panama City (PTY)*

Also, it has 2 focus cities:

  • Bogotá (BOG)
  • San José (SJO)

Croatia Airlines hubs and focus cities

Croatia Airlines is the Star Alliance carrier mainly operating flights to/from Croatia. The airline’s hub is:

  • Zagreb (ZAG)*

Croatia Airlines’ 3 focus cities are:

  • Dubrovnik (DBV)
  • Split (SPU)
  • Zadar (ZAD)

Czech Airlines hubs and focus cities

Czech Airlines is a SkyTeam airline that doesn’t operate very many long-haul flights. Still, of its 30 destinations, you can find its sole airport hub at:

  • Prague (PRG)*

Delta Air Lines hubs and focus cities

Delta Air Lines is one of the biggest carriers in the world. As the flagship member of the SkyTeam alliance, it has tons of airport hubs:

  • Atlanta (ATL)*
  • Boston (BOS)
  • Detroit (DTW)
  • Minneapolis/St. Paul (MSP)
  • Salt Lake City (SLC)
  • Seattle (SEA)

Also, Delta considers these 2 cities to be focus cities:

  • Raleigh-Durham (RDU)

Edelweiss Air hubs and focus cities

Edelweiss Air is the Swiss leisure airline, which acts as a counterpart to SWISS International Air Lines. In fact, an analogy can be made that Edelweiss Air is to SWISS Air as Condor is to Lufthansa.

Nonetheless, it only has 1 airport hub:

  • Zurich (ZRH)*

Egyptair hubs and focus cities

Egyptair is one of the 3 African Star Alliance partners, with the other 2 being Ethiopian Airlines and South African Airways. Interestingly, it was founded in 1932, which makes it one of the oldest airlines in the world.

Its sole hub airport is in:

  • Cairo (CAI)*

Egyptair has 4 focus cities:

  • Alexandria (HBE)
  • Hurghada (HRG)
  • Luxor (LXR)
  • Sharm El Sheikh (SSH)

EL AL hubs and focus cities

EL AL is the flag carrier of Israel. It has 1 airport hub:

  • Tel Aviv (TLV)*

Emirates hubs and focus cities

Emirates is one of the world’s most famous airlines. It is a state-owned airline based in Dubai, and it’s also the largest airline in the Middle East. Here is its hub airport:

  • Dubai (DXB)*

Ethiopian Airlines hubs and focus cities

Ethiopian Airlines is one of the fastest-growing African airlines in the world. This Star Alliance partner has a strategic location in its airport hub:

  • Addis Ababa (ADD)*

Additionally, Ethiopian Airlines has a focus city in the capital of Togo, a West African nation:

Etihad Airways hubs and focus cities

Etihad Airways is the flag carrier of the United Arab Emirates, despite being the second-largest airline in the country. Founded in 2003, this airline is one of the quintessential airlines that make up the “Big 3.”

Here is its airport hub:

  • Abu Dhabi (AUH)*

Eurowings hubs and focus cities

Eurowings is a subsidiary of Lufthansa Group, and it operates under low-cost carrier model with its hub:

Also, Eurowings has these focus cities:

  • Berlin (BER)
  • Cologne/Bonn (CGN)
  • Nuremberg (NUE)
  • Palma de Mallorca (PMI)
  • Pristina (PRN)
  • Salzburg (SLZ)
  • Vienna (VIE)

EVA Air hubs and focus cities

EVA Air is the largest airline in Taiwan. It has its main airport hub:

It also has lots of focus cities:

  • Taipei-Songshan (SHA)

Fiji Airways hubs and focus cities

Fiji Airways is the flag carrier of Fiji, and it operates most international flights out of its hub:

  • Nadi (NAN)*

Also, Fiji Airways has 1 other focus city:

  • Nausori (SUV)

Finnair hubs and focus cities

Finnair is the flag carrier of Finland. This Northern European country only has 1 airport hub:

  • Helsinki (HEL)*

French bee hubs and focus cities

French Bee is a low-cost European airline headquartered in France. It has 1 hub airport:

  • Paris-Orly (ORY)*

Frontier Airlines hubs and focus cities

Frontier Airlines is a major low-cost carrier in the United States. It has 1 hub airport in:

  • Denver (DEN)*

And it has many focus cities:

  • Atlanta (ATL)
  • Cleveland (CLE)
  • Las Vegas (LAS)
  • Orlando (MCO)
  • Philadelphia (PHL)
  • Trenton (TTN)

Garuda Indonesia hubs and focus cities

Garuda Indonesia is the flag carrier of Indonesia, and it is famous for offering one of the world’s best international first class products . This SkyTeam airline has hubs in:

  • Bali-Denpasar (DPS)
  • Balikpapan (BPN)
  • Jakarta (CGK)*
  • Makassar (UPG)
  • Medan (KNO)
  • Surabaya (SUB)

Garuda Indonesia has 3 focus cities:

  • Manado (MDC)
  • Palembang (PLM)
  • Yogyakarta (JOG)

GOL hubs and focus cities

GOL is a Brazilian low-cost carrier and one of the largest airlines in South America. This airline has airport hubs in:

  • Brasília (BSB)
  • Fortaleza-Pinto Martins (FOR)
  • Rio de Janeiro-Galeão (GIG)
  • São Paulo-Guarulhos (GRU)
  • São Paulo-Congonhas (CGH)

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Also, this airline has focus cities in tons of places:

  • Rio de Janeiro-Santos Dumont (SDU)*
  • Vitória (VIX)

Gulf Air hubs and focus cities

Gulf Air is the flag carrier of Bahrain, a small Middle Eastern country. It chiefly operates out of its hub in Muharraq:

  • Bahrain (BAH)*

Hainan Airlines hubs and focus cities

Hainan Airlines is one of the world’s largest airlines. It is the largest civilian-run company in China, and it’s the fourth-largest airline in China. Hainan Airlines operates numerous point-to-point routes, as well as a solid number of hub-and-spoke routes, which provides a good mix within its network.

Hainan Airlines’ main hubs are:

  • Haikou (HAK)*
  • Xi’An (XIY)

Also, Hainan Airlines has focus cities in:

Hawaiian Airlines

Hawaiian Airlines is the main operator of international flights to/from Hawaii, as well as a large operator of domestic flights to/from Hawaii. It’s 2 hub airports are:

  • Honolulu (HNL)*
  • Kahului (OGG)

HK Express hubs and focus cities

HK Express is the low-cost carrier in Hong Kong that was recently bought out by Cathay Pacific. This airline operates exclusively out of its airport hub:

Hong Kong Airlines hubs and focus cities

Hong Kong Airlines is owned by HNA Group, the same conglomerate that owns Hainan Airlines. However, Hong Kong Airlines operates flights out of its hub in:

Iberia hubs and focus cities

Iberia is the flag carrier of Spain. This Oneworld airline is smaller in network size than expected. Still, Iberia flies planes to/from its hub in Spain:

  • Madrid (MAD)*

Icelandair hubs and focus cities

Icelandair is the flag carrier of Iceland, a huge tourist destination. Icelandair maintains a strong position offering both convenient nonstop flights to Iceland, as well as affordable connecting flights to Europe via Iceland.

Specifically, Icelandair operates flights from its airport hub in the capital city of Reykjavik:

  • Keflavik (KEF)*

Interjet hubs and focus cities

InterJet is a Mexican low-cost carrier, and it is the country’s third-largest airline, falling behind Aeroméxico and Volaris. InterJet’s airport hub is in:

Also, InterJet’s 3 focus cities are:

  • Cancún (CUN)

Japan Airlines hubs and focus cities

Japan Airlines is Japan’s flag carrier, despite being smaller in size than its main competitor, ANA. Its headquarters are located in Shinagawa it has hub airports in:

It also has focus cities in:

JetBlue hubs and focus cities

JetBlue is one of the world’s most famous low-cost carriers. As one of the pioneers of this business model, JetBlue has focused on placing hub airports on the East Coast:

  • New York City (JFK)*
  • San Juan (SJU)

Jetstar hubs and focus cities

Jetstar is an Australian low-cost carrier that operates many short-haul, regional, and even international long-haul flights. Jetstar has hubs in:

  • Auckland (AKL)
  • Brisbane (BNE)
  • Cairns (CNS)
  • Gold Coast (OOL)
  • Melbourne (MEL)*

Additionally, Jetstar designates its focus cities as:

  • Adelaide (ADL)
  • Perth (PER)

Kenya Airways hubs and focus cities

Kenya Airways is the flag carrier of Kenya. It maintains its sole hub in its capital city:

  • Nairobi (NBO)*

KLM hubs and focus cities

KLM is the Netherlands flag carrier. As one of the most important SkyTeam partners, KLM operates flights chiefly out of its hub airport:

  • Amsterdam-Schipol (AMS)*

Korean Air hubs and focus cities

Korean Air is the flag carrier of South Korea. It operates flights out of 3 hub airports:

Also, Korean Air flies through its focus city:

La Compagnie hubs and focus cities

La Compagnie is a boutique airline that offers all-business class flights from its hub airport in Paris:

LATAM hubs and focus cities

LATAM Airlines Group is Latin America’s largest airline holding company. Numerous different subsidiaries fall under its umbrella. This is why there are so many hub airports:

  • Buenos Aires-Ezeiza (EZE)
  • Buenos Aires-Newbery (AEP)
  • Guayaquil (GYE)
  • Rio de Janeiro (GIG)
  • Santiago (SCL)*
  • São Paulo (GRU)

Here are LATAM’s non-hub focus cities:

  • Arequipa (AQP)
  • Asunción (ASU)
  • Belém (BEL)
  • Belo Horizonte (CNF)
  • Cusco (CUZ)
  • Florianópolis (FLN)
  • Fortaleza (FOR)
  • Natal (NAT)
  • Rio de Janeiro Santas (SDU)

LOT Polish Airlines hubs and focus cities

LOT Polish Airlines is the flag carrier of Poland, and this airline has 2 hub airports:

  • Budapest (BUD)
  • Warsaw (WAW)*

Interestingly, LOT Polish Airlines designates the capital of Estonia as its focus city:

  • Tallinn (TLL)

Lufthansa hubs and focus cities

Lufthansa is one of the largest and most well-known airlines in the world. This airline only has 2 hubs:

Luxair hubs and focus cities

Luxair is a relatively unknown airline. The flag carrier of Luxembourg, this airline has a very small route network. Still, Luxair’s hub is in:

  • Luxembourg (LUX)*

Malaysia Airlines hubs and focus cities

Malaysia Airlines is a Oneworld partner that offers lots of flights to Malaysia, which contains over 800+ islands! Its airport hubs are in:

  • Kota Kinabalu (BKI)

Additionally, Malaysia Airlines has 1 focus city:

Middle East Airlines hubs and focus cities

Middle East Airlines is the flag carrier of one of the most historically significant countries in the world: Lebanon. This SkyTeam airline doesn’t operate many long-haul routes. Instead, it focuses on regional flights from its hub in:

  • Beirut (BEY)*

Norwegian Air International hubs and focus cities

Norwegian Air International is one of the most well-known low-cost carriers in the world. Norwegian Air flies its planes to/from 1 hub airport:

  • Oslo (OSL)*

Additionally, Norwegian Air has a ton of focus cities:

  • Barcelona (BCN)
  • Copenhagen (CPH)
  • Helsinki (HEL)
  • Stockholm-Arlanda (ARN)

Oman Air hubs and focus cities

Oman Air, as the name might suggest, is the flag carrier of the Sultanate of Oman. Located just east of the United Arab Emirates, Oman Air operates numerous long-haul flights, including some ultra-long-haul flights. However, all of its flights should depart from its hub:

  • Muscat (MCT)*

Pakistan International Airlines hubs and focus cities

Pakistan International Airlines, or PIA, is the flag carrier and national airline of Pakistan. This airline operates flights between its 3 hub airports:

  • Islamabad (ISB)
  • Karachi (KHI)*
  • Lahore (LHE)

Philippine Airlines hubs and focus cities

Philippine Airlines is the essential flag carrier airline connecting the Philippines to the rest of the world. This airline is a major player in global aviation, and it has its airline hubs in:

  • Clark (CRK)
  • Davao (DVO)
  • Manila (MNL)*
  • Kalibo (KLO)

Qantas hubs and focus cities 1

Qantas is the flag carrier of Australia. This ultra-famous airline has a reputation for being the safest airline in the world. In fact, this airline has never had a fatality on any of its jets.

Qantas maintains airport hubs in these essential airports:

  • Melbourne (MEL)
  • Sydney (SYD)*

Also, Qantas designates these airports as its focus cities:

  • Darwin (DRW)
  • Singapore (SIN)

Qatar Airways hubs and focus cities

Qatar Airways is the flag carrier of Qatar, one of the richest countries in the world. Located just east of Saudi Arabia, this airline operates one of the most famous business class products, the Qatar Airways QSuite .

You can fly on Qatar Airways for the most part by going through its hub airport:

  • Doha (DOH)*

Royal Air Maroc hubs and focus cities

Royal Air Maroc is the flag carrier of Morocco, and it operates most flights through its hub airport:

  • Casablanca (CMN)*

However, Royal Air Maroc has 2 other focus cities:

  • Marrakesh (RAK)
  • Tangier (TNG)

Royal Brunei Airlines

Royal Brunei Airlines is the flag carrier and national airline of Brunei. This is one of the world’s richest countries, though it’s a controversial destination governed by Sharia law.

Royal Brunei Airlines flies to/from its hub in the capital:

  • Bandar Seri Begawan (BWN)*

Royal Jordanian Airlines hubs and focus cities

Royal Jordanian is the flag carrier airline of the Middle Eastern country Jordan. It operates flights mostly from its hub airport:

  • Amman (AMM)*

Additionally, you’ll see flights operating to/from its sole focus city:

  • Aqaba (AQJ)

RwandAir hubs and focus cities 1

RwandAir is the flag carrier of the African country Rwanda. It operates flights through its 2 hubs:

  • Cotonou (COO)
  • Kigali (KGL)*

S7 Airlines hubs and focus cities

S7 is one of the largest airlines in Russia. The 2 hubs are:

  • Moscow-Domodedovo (DME)
  • Novosibirsk (OVB)*

There are 3 focus cities in S7’s classifications. Namely:

  • Irkutsk (IKT)
  • St. Petersburg (LED)
  • Vladivostok (VVO)

Scandinavian Airlines hubs and focus cities 1

SAS, which is short for Scandinavian Airlines, is the flag carrier of Denmark, Norway, and Sweden. As such, its 3 main hubs are in its capital cities:

  • Stockholm-Arlanda (ARN)*

SAS has 5 focus cities:

  • Bergen (BGO)
  • Gothenburg (GOT)
  • Stavanger (SVG)
  • Tromsø (TOS)
  • Trondheim (TRD)

Saudia hubs and focus cities

Saudia is the national carrier of Saudi Arabia, the largest Middle Eastern country. Saudia considers all these 3 cities to be its airport hubs:

  • Dammam (DMM)
  • Jeddah (JED)*
  • Riyadh (RUH)

Shanghai Airlines hubs and focus cities

Shanghai Airlines is a regional carrier subsidiary of China Eastern. It has 2 hub airports, though both are in the same city:

  • Shanghai-Hongqiao (SHA)*

Singapore Airlines hubs and focus cities

Singapore Airlines is the flag carrier of Singapore. It also owns regional subsidiaries Scoot. Collectively, these 2 airlines have 1 airport hub:

  • Singapore (SIN)*

South African Airways hubs and focus cities

South African Airways is the flag carrier of South Africa. As a result, it has 1 hub airport:

  • Johannesburg (JNB)*

It also has 1 focus city:

  • Cape Town (CPT)

Southwest Airlines hubs and focus cities

Southwest Airlines has numerous operating bases, which will be considered hubs for this discussion. Here are all of Southwest Airlines’ hubs:

  • Baltimore (BWI)
  • Chicago-Midway (MDW)
  • Dallas-Love Field (DAL)*
  • Denver (DEN)
  • Houston-Hobby (HOU)
  • Oakland (OAK)

Spirit Airlines hubs and focus cities

Spirit Airlines is one of the U.S.’s largest low-cost carriers. In fact, it is the seventh-largest airline, which is impressive compared to juggernauts like Delta, United, and American Airlines.

Spirit Airlines’ main operating bases are:

  • Atlantic City (ACY)
  • Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW)

Interestingly, Spirit Airlines’ headquarters is in Miramar, Florida, which is in the Miami metro area.

SriLankan Airlines hubs and focus cities

SriLankan Airlines is the Oneworld airline partner responsible for much of the connectivity in South Asia. Located off the coast of India, SriLankan Airlines is the flag carrier of Sri Lanka, which is the largest airline in Sri Lanka.

As the island nation is small, SriLankan Airlines operates flights only out of its capital:

  • Colombo (CMB)*

Sun Country Airlines hubs and focus cities

Sun Country Airlines is a U.S. low-cost carrier, similar to Spirit Airlines. However, it’s the 11th largest airline in the U.S., and it has 1 main hub:

  • Minneapolis/St. Paul (MSP)*

It focuses on flights to/from these 3 cities:

Swiss International Air Lines hubs and focus cities

SWISS International Air Lines is one of the world’s most famous airlines. The Star Alliance partner is owned by Lufthansa Group, and it operates tons of flights to/from its capital city:

Also, SWISS Air has 1 focus city:

  • Geneva (GVA)

TAAG Angola Airlines hubs and focus cities

TAAG Angola Airlines is the flag carrier and national airline of the African country of Angola. It is 100% owned by the government of Angola, and it doesn’t fall under any major airline alliances.

TAAG has only 1 airline hub in Angola’s capital city:

  • Luanda (LAD)*

TAP Air Portugal hubs and focus cities

TAP Air Portugal is the main airline operating flights to/from Portugal. The flag carrier of Portugal and popular Star Alliance partner is famous for offering cheap connecting tickets to Europe via Portugal, both in economy and business class.

TAP Air Portugal has 2 hubs:

  • Lisbon (LIS)*
  • Porto (OPO)
  • Madeira (FNC)

THAI Airways hubs and focus cities

Thai Airways is the flag carrier and majority government-owned airline of Thailand. Thai Airways is famous for its amazing first class product , and it’s no secret that Thai Airways mostly operates flights to/from its 2 hubs in Thailand:

Transavia hubs and focus cities

Transavia is one of the low-cost carriers in Europe. It’s owned wholly by KLM, which makes it fall under the Air France-KLM Group.

It has 2 hub airports:

  • Brussels (BRU)

It also has 3 focus cities:

  • Eindhoven (EIN)
  • Groningen (GRQ)
  • Rotterdam (RTM)

Turkish Airlines hubs and focus cities

Turkish Airlines is the flag carrier of Turkey, the quasi-European and Middle Eastern country. This airline has 3 hub airports:

  • Ankara (ESB)
  • Istanbul (IST)*
  • Istanbul-Sabiha (SAW)

Also, Turkish Airlines has 1 focus city:

  • Izmir (ADB)

Ukraine International Airlines hubs and focus cities

Ukraine International Airlines is the flag carrier of Ukraine. This airline doesn’t belong to any major alliance, but the key hub airport is located in its capital:

  • Kiev (KBP)*

United Airlines hubs and focus cities

United Airlines is one of the world’s largest airlines and is one of the big 3 airlines in the U.S. Known for its Polaris Class product, United Airlines has numerous airline hubs:

  • Chicago (ORD)*
  • Houston (IAH)
  • Newark (EWRK)
  • Washington, D.C. (IAD)

Uzbekistan Airways hubs and focus cities

Uzbekistan Airways is one of the core airlines in Central Asia, following the close lead of Air Astana. In this case, Uzbekistan Airways operates flights to/from the same country, Uzbekistan. Namely, it operates flights to/from its hub airport in the capital:

  • Tashkent (TAS)*

Vietnam Airlines hubs and focus cities

Vietnam Airlines is one of the fastest-growing SkyTeam airline partners in the world. Its primary role is to serve as one of the arteries connecting the SkyTeam alliance to Southeast Asia, particularly the smaller cities in Southeast Asia.

Vietnam Airlines has 3 airport hubs:

  • Da Nang (DAD)

Vietnam Airlines also has 2 focus cities in neighboring Cambodia:

  • Phnom Penh (PNH)
  • Siem Reap (REP)

Virgin Atlantic hubs and focus cities

Virgin Atlantic , based in Crawley, England, is one of the most beloved and popular airlines in the world. Operating as a daughter organization of Virgin Group, Virgin Atlantic plays a pivotal role in connecting the U.K. to the rest of the world.

Virgin Atlantic has 3 hubs:

  • London-Heathrow (LHR)
  • Manchester (MAN)

Virgin Australia hubs and focus cities

Virgin Australia is the other big-name airline under the Virgin Group umbrella. This time, Virgin Australia operates flights to/from Oceania.

The 4 main airport hubs are:

  • Brisbane (BNE)*

While the main focus cities are:

Vistara hubs and focus cities

Vistara is one of the newest airlines to emerge in the commercial aviation scene. Most notable for its corporate structure being 51% owned by Tata Group and 49% owned by Singapore Airlines, this is undoubtedly one of the most prominent business ventures in aviation.

Currently, Vistara has only 1 airport hub:

Volaris hubs and focus cities

Volaris is the second-largest airline in Mexico. Here are its hub airports:

  • Tijuana (TIJ)

Here are its focus cities:

Vueling Airlines hubs and focus cities

Vueling is the second-largest airline in Spain. Here are its 2 hubs:

  • Barcelona (BCN)*

Westjet hubs and focus cities

WestJet is a Canadian low-cost carrier. It has 3 hubs:

  • Calgary (YYC)*

Westjet also has 3 focus cities:

  • Edmonton (YEG)
  • Winnipeg (YWG)

XiamenAir hubs and focus cities

Xiamen Air is a SkyTeam partner connecting much of South China to the rest of the world. Here are the 3 hub cities:

  • Fuzhou (FOC)
  • Xiamen (XMN)*

It has these focus cities:

  • Quanzhou (JJN)

In this guide, we talked in detail about the benefits and drawbacks of flying through airline hubs. We also compared 2 operational models: the hub-and-spoke model and the point-to-point model.

We discussed why points travelers should be interested in learning about airport hubs as they relate to each airline they’re interested in flying. For example, knowing where Cathay Pacific offers its first class product is half the battle, and you can bet that they operate these flights to/from its airport hub in Hong Kong.

Now, you have the best resource and the most comprehensive guide on where airline hubs are located around the world.

All content images credited to Great Circle Mapper.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which airports are hubs.

Many airports are hubs. It just depends on which airlines you’re talking about. For example, American Airlines has these airport hubs in the U.S.:

Also, American Airlines’ focus cities are believed to be:

  • Reagan-National (DCA

On the other hand, Delta Air Lines has these airport hubs:

Therefore, you’ll need to figure out which airline you want to learn about in order to find its hubs because each airline designates different cities as its hubs.

What is a hub for an airline?

In other words, if an airline has lots of traffic, flights, and general operations at a particular airport, that airport is considered a hub.

What is a hub and spoke topology?

Hub and spoke topology is a type of route network that describes connecting numerous minor destinations to a central, hub location. Then, long-haul flights universally depart from the hub airport. This is in contrast to a point-to-point model, which operates smaller, low-capacity airplanes on nonstop routes, even if they’re not between 2 major cities.

What are the benefits of the hub and spoke system?

Operationally, it is much easier to achieve economies of scale and lower OpEx when you employ a hub and spoke system. For example, Emirates can maintain all of its flight attendant bases and primarily only consider operations through 1 airport: Dubai (DXB).

Usually, hub and spoke models save airlines money. In many cases (except for hub captives), booking airplane tickets from hub-and-spoke model airlines results in cheaper fares. However, in some cases, booking flights as a hub captive (e.g. American Airlines in Dallas-Fort Worth (DFW))) can result in diminished competition and higher fares.

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We are a newly launched startup with an exciting vision of combining travel and physical products to help well-known brands increase customer loyalty and add value. Our goal is to disrupt the marketplace industry by offering a unique and innovative solution to customers. We are currently in the final stage before developing our MVP and are looking for a talented Tech Lead/Full-Stack Developer to join our team.

For the moment, we are bootstrapping but will offer sweat equity for the right candidate. We are looking to raise our first round of funding around October 2023. We believe in creating a company culture that values and rewards hard work, innovation, and creativity. Our team consists of seven individuals from different areas including travel, UX design, marketing, and PR, and we all share a passion for building something that truly makes a difference in the world.

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Tech Hub slated for Rochester, upstate NY cities needs workforce. Can local colleges step up?

M onroe Community College is seeking $17.5 million to lead the effort to train thousands of workers in upstate New York’s three biggest cities for jobs in the semiconductor industry, according to a proposal submitted last week.

The funding would support MCC’s collaboration with colleges and training centers in developing a workforce in Buffalo, Syracuse, and Rocheste r to support tech giant Micron’s $100 billion investment in Onondaga County .

Some 5,000 mid-level positions and another 4,000 construction jobs in the semiconductor supply chain are envisioned, with a focus on hiring women and workers from ethnic and racial minorities.

The $17.5 million represents nearly a third of the $54 million a consortium representing the three cities — known as NY SMART I-Corridor Tech Hub — is seeking after beating out hundreds of competitors in October to be selected one of the nation’s 31 Tech Hubs.

In addition to MCC, Syracuse University would receive $15 million for an innovation initiative geared to harnessing the region’s academic research and development efforts. And the University of Buffalo would receive $8 million to assist local manufacturers as they pivot to work in the semiconductor supply chain.

The funding wish list was sent to the U.S. Department of Economic Development last week by NY SMART I-Corridor Tech Hub.

What are the region's chances for even more money?

October’s Tech Hub designation did not come with a funding guarantee.

In the competition’s second round, the region is contending with other tech hubs, including one from Binghamton , for a piece of roughly $500 million allotted for the program’s debut year. Between five and ten tech hubs will receive up to $75 million apiece.

Competition: Rochester, Buffalo, Syracuse make cut in first round of high-dollar Tech Hub sweepstakes

U.S. Sen. Charles Schumer, who co-authored the CHIPs and Science Act legislation that created the tech hubs, has been lobbying federal officials in support of the upstate bid.

“I’m very optimistic we’re going to get it,” Schumer said.

Coupled with Micron’s promise of nearly 50,000 jobs at a chip manufacturing plant near Syracuse, the job gains alone have the potential to transform vast swaths of the upstate economy.

“It will mean that parents and grandparents will no longer worry about their kids moving away to find a good-paying job in the future,” Schumer added. “They’ll be able to stay right here in upstate New York. I remember Kodak and Carrier and so many of the auto companies. Giants. They all closed and left and shrunk.  But now we have a golden opportunity for upstate.”

Supporters say over the next ten years, one of every four U.S.-made semiconductor chips could be produced within 350 miles of the I-90 corridor, part of a national effort to wrest away China’s manufacturing dominance in the industry.

Momentum has picked up in recent months with the announcement of Edwards Vacuum’s plans to invest $300 million at a dry pump manufacturing plant in Western New York to supply the semiconductor industry.

And in November, TTM Technologies announced it would invest $130 million in a manufacturing plant in Onondaga County to produce circuit boards used in microelectronics.

Finding the workers

The leadership of the three-city effort says there’s plenty of work ahead to ensure there are enough workers to fill jobs.  

“I think everybody has to do a bunch of things in the workforce base to attract new workers and get existing workers off the sidelines, which we think we can do because we’ve started doing that successfully on other projects,” said Benjamin Sio, a vice president with CenterState, which is leading the Syracuse part of the consortium. “And then generate the talent.”

Other companies looking to build upstate have faced similar challenges in recent months.

Li-Cycle: 'A big speed bump.' Li-Cycle CEO opens up about setbacks in Rochester facility

In November, the chief executive officer of Li-Cycle, which recycles metals for use in electric vehicle batteries, said the company’s decision to pause construction at the Eastman Business Park was due in part to a shortage of available construction workers in the region.

Sio said the upstate region has an advantage tech hubs in Texas, Ohio, Arizona and others don’t — proximity to dozens of colleges and top-flight universities.  In Central New York alone there are nearly 40 colleges and universities within a two-to-three-hour drive.

Colleges: RIT part of U.S.-Japan semiconductor development program

“Even your Austins, your Columbuses of the world don’t have the size and scale and ability to significantly produce talent like we do in upstate New York,” Sio said.

MCC will work with other community colleges to develop mid-level workers for jobs in the semiconductor industry through training programs that are more hands-on than academic.

The college, with campuses in Rochester and Brighton, is already working with other schools on similar initiatives.

“This is an opportunity to leverage those relationships,” said Joseph Stefko, the CEO of ROC2025, which is leading Rochester’s efforts in the consortium.

This article originally appeared on Rochester Democrat and Chronicle: Tech Hub slated for Rochester, upstate NY cities needs workforce. Can local colleges step up?

October 27, 2022: US President Joe Biden (L) takes pictures with attendees during an event on Microns plan to invest in CHIPS manufacturing, at the SRC Arena in Syracuse, New York.

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