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Travel Advisory October 19, 2023

Brazil - level 2: exercise increased caution.

Reissued with updates to Country Summary.

Exercise increased caution in Brazil due to  crime . Some areas have increased risk. Read the entire Travel Advisory.

Do not travel to:

  • Any areas within 150 km/100 miles of Brazil’s land borders with Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Paraguay due to  crime . (Note: This does not apply to the Foz do Iguacu National Park or Pantanal National Park.)
  • Informal housing developments (commonly referred to in Brazil as favelas, vilas, comunidades, and/or conglomerados) at any time of day due to  crime  (see additional information below).
  • Brasilia’s administrative regions (commonly known as “satellite cities”) of Ceilandia, Santa Maria, Sao Sebastiao, and Paranoa during non-daylight hours due to  crime  (see additional information below).

Country Summary:   Violent crime, such as murder, armed robbery, and carjacking, is common in urban areas, day and night. Gang activity and organized crime is widespread. Assaults, including with sedatives and drugs placed in drinks, are common. U.S. government personnel are discouraged from using municipal buses in all parts of Brazil due to an elevated risk of robbery and assault at any time of day, and especially at night.

If you decide to travel to Brazil: 

  • Be aware of your surroundings.
  • Do not physically resist any robbery attempt.
  • Do not accept food or drinks from strangers.
  • Use caution when walking or driving at night.
  • Avoid going to bars or nightclubs alone.
  • Avoid walking on beaches after dark.
  • Do not display signs of wealth, such as wearing expensive watches or jewelry.
  • Be extra vigilant when visiting banks or ATMs.
  • Use caution at, or going to, major transportation centers or on public transportation, especially at night. Passengers face an elevated risk of robbery or assault using public, municipal bus transportation throughout Brazil.
  • Use increased caution when hiking in isolated areas.
  • Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) to receive Alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
  • Follow the Department of State on Facebook and Twitter .
  • Review the Country Security Report for Brazil.
  • Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the Traveler’s Checklist .
  • Visit the CDC page for the latest Travel Health Information related to your travel.

International Borders – Level 4: Do Not Travel

U.S. government personnel are not permitted to travel to areas within 150 km/100 miles of the international land borders with Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Paraguay without advance approval from security officials due to crime. Travel to the Foz do Iguacu National Park and Pantanal National Park is permitted.

Visit our website for Travel to High-Risk Areas .

Informal Housing Developments (commonly known as “Favelas”) – Level 4: Do Not Travel

Do not travel to informal housing developments (commonly referred to in Brazil as favelas, vilas, comunidades, and/or conglomerados), even on a guided tour.  Neither the tour companies nor the police can guarantee your safety when entering these communities.  Even in these communities that the police or local governments deem safe, the situation can change quickly and without notice.  While some informal housing developments have clear boundaries or gates, or even names such as “favela”, “vila”, “comunidade”, or “conglomerado”, other such developments may be less obvious, and may be identified by crowded quarters, poorer conditions, and/or irregular construction.  In addition, exercise caution in areas surrounding these communities, as occasionally, inter-gang fighting and confrontations with police move beyond the confines of these communities.  Except under limited circumstances and with advance approval, U.S. government personnel are not permitted to enter any informal housing developments in Brazil. Read the Safety and Security Section on the  country information page  and consult the maps on the Embassy’s website for further information regarding favelas.

Visit our website for Travel High-Risk Areas .

Brasilia’s Administrative Regions (commonly known as “Satellite Cities”) – Level 4: Do Not Travel

Without advance approval from security officials, U.S. government personnel are not permitted to travel to Brasilia’s Administrative Regions of Ceilandia, Santa Maria, Sao Sebastiao, and Paranoa between the hours of 6:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. (non-daylight hours) due to crime.

Embassy Messages

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Quick Facts

Must be valid on the date of entry

One page required for entry stamp

Yes, beginning April 10, 2024

None required, but see Health section

More than 10,000 BR must be declared to Customs

Embassies and Consulates

U.S. Embassy Brasilia SES 801- Avenida das Nacoes, Lote 03 70403-900 - Brasilia, DF Brazil Telephone: 011-55-61-3312-7000 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: 011-55-61-3312-7400 Fax: (61) 3312-7651 Email: [email protected]

Embassy Branch Office in Belo Horizonte Avenida do Contorno, 4520 / 2nd floor – Funcionários 30110-028 Belo Horizonte, MG – Brazil Telephone: +55 (31) 3338-4000 E-mail: [email protected] Emergency After-Hours Telephone: Please contact the U.S. Embassy in Brasilia

Consular Agency in Brasilia’s Consular District Manaus Consular Agency Edificio Atrium, Suite 306 Rua Franco de Sá, 310 69.079-210 Manaus, AM Brazil Telephone: 011-55-92-3611-3333 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: Please contact the U.S. Embassy in Brasilia

U.S. Consulate General Porto Alegre Avenida Assis Brasil, 1889 Passo d' Areia 91010-004 - Porto Alegre, RS Brazil Telephone:  011-55-51-3345-6000 Email:  [email protected]

U.S. Consulate General Recife Rua Goncalves Maia, 163, Boa Vista 50070-125 - Recife, PE Brazil Telephone:  011-55-81-3416-3050 or 011-55-81-3416-3080 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  011-55-81-3416-3060 or 011-55-81-9916-9470 Email:  [email protected]

Consular Agency in Recife’s Consular District U.S. Consular Agency Fortaleza Avenida Santos Dumont 2828, Aldeota, Suite 708 60150-162- Fortaleza, CE Brazil Telephone: 011-55-85-3223-4902 Emergency After-Hours Telephone: Please contact the U.S. Consulate General in Recife

U.S. Consulate General Rio de Janeiro Avenida Presidente Wilson, 147, Castelo 20030-020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ Brazil Telephone:  011-55-213823-2000 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  011-55-21-3823-2029 Email:   [email protected]

Consular Agency in Rio de Janeiro’s Consular District U.S. Consular Agency Salvador da Bahia Avenida Tancredo Neves, 1632, Caminho das Arvores Salvador Trade Center-Torre Sul, Room 1401 41820-020 - Salvador, Bahia Brazil Telephone:  011-55-71-3113-2090/2091/2092 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  Please contact the U.S. Consulate General in Rio de Janeiro: (21) 3823-2029

U.S. Consulate General Sao Paulo Rua Henri Dunant, 500 Chacara Santo Antonio 04709-110 - Sao Paulo, SP Brazil Telephone:  011-55-11-3250-5000 Emergency After-Hours Telephone:  011-55-11-3250-5373 Email:  [email protected]

Destination Description

See the Department of State’s Fact Sheet on Brazil for information on U.S.-Brazil relations.  

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

There are no COVID-related entry requirements for U.S. citizens.

Effective midnight on April 10, 2024 , a visa will be required for U.S. citizens to travel to Brazil, regardless of the purpose of travel. For more information about visa requirements, visit the Brazilian government-authorized website, https://brazil.vfsevisa.com

You will need:

  • A valid U.S. passport.
  • A valid Brazilian visa or e-visa, beginning April 10, 2024 for tourists and currently for all other types of travel.
  • Visit the Brazilian government-authorized website to obtain your e-visa: https://brazil.vfsevisa.com

Find a  Brazilian consulate abroad .           

Brazilian law requires any minor who is a Brazilian citizen (even dual nationals who are both U.S. and Brazilian citizens) to have permission from each parent to travel within Brazil or exit the country. When a minor travels with both parents, no written authorization is needed. When the minor travels with only one parent or without either parent, s/he  must have two original written authorization letters from each absent parent  and carry a copy* of the child’s birth certificate or have an annotation in his/her Brazilian passport authorizing travel alone or with only one parent. Brazilian citizen minors without authorization letters and a birth certificate* or an annotated Brazilian passport likely will not be allowed by authorities to pass through immigration or to board a flight departing Brazil.     

The U.S. Embassy and its consulates cannot intervene in Brazilian immigration matters or request that this requirement be waived for U.S. citizen travelers.

Written Authorization Letter:  If the absent parent is in Brazil, written authorization letters must be in Portuguese and notarized by a Brazilian notary. If the absent parent is in the United States or elsewhere outside of Brazil, the authorization must be done at the nearest Brazilian Embassy or Consulate using the form provided by that office. Again, please note that Brazilian law requires two original authorizations for each absent parent. This is important, because Federal Police may request and retain one authorization upon the minor’s entry into Brazil. Authorities may then request the second original document upon the minor’s departure.  Authorizations written in English or executed before a U.S. (or any non-Brazilian) notary public are not accepted by the Brazilian Federal Police.  Similarly, birth certificates issued outside of Brazil that are not  apostilled * and translated by a certified translator may not be accepted.

Brazilian Passport Annotation:  In lieu of carrying authorization letters, parents of dual U.S.-Brazilian citizen minors may instead request an annotation be placed in the minor’s Brazilian passport authorizing the minor to travel with only one parent, or to travel alone or with a third party. This annotation replaces the requirement for written authorization letters until the passport expires. Parents residing in Brazil should contact the Brazilian Federal Police for details on obtaining an annotated passport. Parents residing abroad should contact the nearest Brazilian Embassy or Consulate. The annotated Brazilian passport must not be expired and must be carried along with the minor’s U.S. passport at all times for Brazilian Federal Police to accept it in lieu of an authorization letter. There is no comparable annotation available in U.S. passports.

Children who are not dual citizens of Brazil: Please note that, while Brazilian law related to travel authorization does not explicitly apply to non-citizens of Brazil, Federal Police have, at times, delayed the travel of non-Brazilian minors who lack appropriate authorization from both parents. For this reason, we recommend that families of non-Brazilian minors who may travel through Brazil without one or both parents execute written authorizations (following the instructions in the preceding paragraph) in advance of travel and ensure that the minor, or the minor’s traveling companion, carries the original or notarized copy** of the minor’s birth certificate.

An exemplar of the form used by Brazilian authorities to document parental permission for minors to travel without one or both parents may be found here.

*There is a useful pamphlet published by the Hague Conference called “ The ABCs of Apostilles .” The Brazilian competent authority that issues apostilles is the  Conselho Nacional de Justiça .

**If the birth certificate was issued in Brazil, copies must be notarized by a Brazilian notary. If issued outside of Brazil, copies must be apostilled and translated by a certified translator into Portuguese.

HIV/AIDS Restrictions:  The U.S. Department of State is unaware of any HIV/AIDS entry restrictions for visitors to or foreign residents of Brazil.

Find information on  dual nationality ,  prevention of international child abduction , and  customs regulations  on our websites.

Safety and Security

Crime:  The violent crime rate is high in most Brazilian urban centers. Public transportation, hotel sectors, and tourist areas report high crime rates, but these incidents can happen anywhere and at any time.  Be aware of your surroundings.

  • Informal housing developments in Brazil (commonly referred to in Brazil as favelas, vilas, comunidades, and/or satellite cities), even on a guided tour, at any time of day due to crime. Neither the tour companies nor the police can guarantee your safety when entering these areas. Even in favelas that the police or local governments deem safe, the situation can change quickly and without notice. In addition, exercise caution in areas surrounding favelas, as occasionally, inter-gang fighting and confrontations with police move beyond the confines of these communities.
  • Brasilia’s administrative regions (commonly known as “satellite cities”) of Ceilandia, Santa Maria, Sao Sebastiao, and Paranoa during non-daylight hours due to crime.
  • Any areas within 150 km of Brazil’s land borders with Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Paraguay due to crime. (Note: This does not apply to the Foz do Iguacu National Park or Pantanal National Park.)
  • Consider avoiding the use of public, municipal buses in Brazil at any time of day, and especially at night. Crime trends indicate an elevated risk of robbery or assault on public bus systems throughout Brazil. The U.S. government recommends against personnel using public, municipal buses in all parts of Brazil.
  • Avoid going to bars or nightclubs alone and avoid leaving with strangers.
  • Before going on a date with someone you met on a dating app, tell a loved one who you are meeting, where you are going, and the details of the dating application account.
  • Be wary about inviting individuals to your residence. If inviting a new acquaintance to your residence, speak to your door attendant in advance about your invited guest.
  • Trust your instincts – if something does not feel right or if you suddenly feel ill, walk away from the situation.
  • If you believe you may have been drugged, seek immediate medical attention. Some people can have life-threatening reactions to these drugs. After that, report the crime to local police and contact us at the numbers listed below.
  • Traveling Outside Metropolitan Areas After Dark: Travelers are encouraged to organize their trips so that they can travel during daylight hours. Road conditions throughout Brazil can vary widely, and travelers must exercise caution due to debris in the road, horse-drawn carriages, unmarked speed bumps, and other infrastructure deficiencies.
  • Armed hold-ups of pedestrians and motorists can happen, including at or near public beaches. Personal belongings, left unattended even for a moment, are often taken. If you are robbed, hand over your personal belongings without resisting. Resisting will increase your risk of injury.
  • Carjackings and hold-ups can occur at any time of the day or night, especially at intersections and in tunnels. Some robberies involve individuals robbed at gunpoint and taken to make purchases or to withdraw as much money as possible from one or more ATMs.
  • Crime on public transportation occurs.  Registered taxis have red license plates and openly display company information and phone numbers.
  • Credit card fraud and ATM scams are common in Brazil. Work closely with your financial institutions to monitor accounts and keep your credit card in view while it is scanned at a point of sale.
  • Avoid using ATMs in unfamiliar, secluded, or lightly protected areas. Be aware that criminals often target ATMs and businesses in the early hours of the morning when there are fewer witnesses and law enforcement response times may be delayed. If you opt to use an ATM, select those that are located inside of secure facilities, such as an airport, hospital, bank, or government building. 
  • Avoid openly displaying your cell phone.  When using a ride share service or taxi, wait for its arrival in a secure area.
  • Avoid large groups or events where crowds have gathered. Public events of any nature, including concerts and sporting events, can unexpectedly turn violent.
  • Travel to any areas within 150 km of the international borders with Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, and Paraguay, except in limited circumstances with the appropriate U.S. Department of State approvals. Individuals with ties to illegal criminal networks operate along Brazilian borders. Travel to the Foz do Iguaçu National Park and Pantanal National Park is permitted.
  • Enter any informal housing developments in Brazil (commonly referred to in Brazil as favelas, vilas, comunidades, and/or satellite cities), except in limited circumstances with the appropriate approvals.
  • Enter Brasilia’s administrative regions (commonly known as “satellite cities”) of Ceilandia, Santa Maria, Sao Sebastiao, and Paranoa during non-daylight hours.

To reduce the chance of becoming the victim of a crime, in addition to the above recommendations, please review the below precautions:

  • Limit the personal belongings you carry with you. Carry your money in your front pockets and limit the number of credit cards you carry. Make copies of all of your personal documents – including your credit cards, license, passport, etc. – and keep them in a safe place. This will be helpful if you lose your documents.
  • Do not carry or wear valuable items that will attract the attention of thieves. If you need to wear expensive jewelry or carry a camera, conceal it until you arrive at your destination.
  • Be aware of the street environment and avoid contact with those who may be looking for robbery targets. Seek a safer location. Go into a store, bank, or simply cross the street.
  • Do not walk on beaches after dark. Assaults are common.
  • Use increased caution when hiking in isolated areas, particularly near popular tourist locations in the city of Rio de Janeiro.

Demonstrations  and strikes are common in urban areas, may occur unexpectedly, disrupt transportation, and may escalate into violence.

  • Even demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and possibly become violent. 
  • Avoid areas around protests and demonstrations. 
  • Check local media for updates and traffic advisories.
  • Check the website of the Embassy or Consulate nearest you for current information on demonstrations.

International Financial Scams:  See the  Department of State  and the  FBI  pages for information.

Victims of Crime: 

U.S. citizen victims of crime should contact the local authorities to file a Brazilian police report before departing Brazil. In most instances, you can report crimes to the tourist or civil police. U.S. citizens should also inform the nearest U.S. Embassy or Consulate, but local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting the crime.

  • Police number - 190
  • the U.S. Embassy at 011-55-61-3312-7000
  • the U.S. Consulate General in Porto Alegre at 011-55-51-3345-6000
  • the U.S. Consulate General in Recife at 011-55-81-3416-3050 or 011-55-81-3416-3080
  • the U.S. Consulate General in Rio de Janeiro at 011-55-21-3823-2000
  • the U.S. Consulate General in Sao Paulo at 011-55-11-3250-5000

See our webpage on  help for U.S. victims of crime overseas .

  • Replace a lost or stolen passport
  • Contact relatives or friends with your written consent
  • Help you find appropriate medical care
  • Assist you in reporting a crime to the police
  • Provide an emergency loan for repatriation to the United States and/or limited medical support in cases of destitution
  • Help you find accommodation and arrange flights home
  • Provide information on  victims' compensation programs in the U.S .
  • Provide a list of local lawyers who speak English

The local equivalent to the “911” emergency line in Brazil is divided among four services:

  • 190 - Policia (Police)
  • 191 - Policia Rodoviaria (on interstate roads)
  • 192 - Ambulancia (Ambulance)
  • 193 - Bombeiros (Fire Department)

Victims of Domestic Violence or Sexual Assault:  Contact the nearest Embassy or Consulate for assistance after contacting local authorities.

Tourism:  The tourism industry is unevenly regulated, and safety inspections for equipment and facilities are inconsistent. Inquire with property management about the presence and functionality of safety equipment, such as fire alarms and carbon monoxide detectors. Hazardous areas/activities are normally identified with appropriate signage in major urban centers but may not be in other locations. Tourism industry staff may not be trained or certified either by the host government or by recognized authorities in the field. In the event of an injury, appropriate and timely medical treatment is consistently available only in or near major cities. First responders can face delays accessing areas outside of major cities to quickly provide urgent medical treatment. U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance. See our webpage for more information on insurance providers for overseas coverage

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties:  You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. Individuals establishing a business or practicing a profession that requires additional permits or licensing should seek information from the competent local authorities, prior to practicing or operating a business.  

Furthermore, some laws are also prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on  crimes against minors abroad  and the  Department of Justice  website.

Arrest Notification:  If you are arrested or detained, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy or Consulate immediately. See our  webpage  for further information.

Firearms: Brazil forbids importing, exporting, and possessing firearms without prior authorization of the Brazilian Government. U.S. citizens are subject to arrest and prosecution in Brazil for possession of unauthorized firearms or firearm components anywhere in the country, including airports. This prohibition extends to spent shell casings or ammunition, even if inside luggage during transit, regardless of whether those items were legally purchased in the United States or elsewhere.

Counterfeit and Pirated Goods:  Although counterfeit and pirated goods are prevalent in many countries, they may still be illegal according to local laws. You may also pay fines or have to give them up if you bring them back to the United States. See the  U.S. Department of Justice website  for more information.

Water Hazards:  Many of Brazil’s beaches have very dangerous riptides, even if the water looks safe. Ocean currents and waves are unpredictable, even in popular beaches frequented by tourists. Shark attacks are reported in the waters of some beaches in northeastern Brazil, particularly near Recife. Always observe posted warnings and never swim while under the influence of alcohol. Follow local authorities’ guidance and refrain from swimming alone in areas marked with red warning signs or at beaches where there are no municipal lifeguards or first responder services.

Electricity Blackouts:  Power failures in large urban centers are common and sometimes followed by increased crime. Most tourist hotels are equipped with generators, minimizing the impact of a blackout, but you should remain cautious.

Natural Disasters:  Flooding and mudslides occur throughout the country and can be fatal. Monitor news and weather reports and adhere to municipal advisories before traveling to areas prone to flooding or landslides. Many of Brazil’s larger cities have frequent heavy rainstorms that cause flash flooding and can disrupt traffic.

Customs Restrictions : Contact the Brazilian Embassy in Washington, D.C. or one of Brazil's consulates in the United States for specific information regarding import and export regulations. Please also refer to our  information on customs regulations .

  • Brazilian customs authorities may enforce strict regulations concerning temporarily importing or exporting items such as firearms, antiquities, mineral samples, tropical plants, wildlife, medications, and business and communication equipment. 
  • In the Amazon region, there is special scrutiny of exporting biological material. People raising, growing, or exporting biological materials without permits can be charged with “biopiracy.”

Faith-Based Travelers:  See our following webpages for details:

  • Faith-Based Travel Information
  • International Religious Freedom Report  – see country reports
  • Human Rights Report  – see country reports
  • Hajj Fact Sheet for Travelers
  • Best Practices for Volunteering Abroad

LGBTI Travelers:  Brazil does not have legal restrictions on same-sex marriage, relations, or events coordinated by LGBTI organizations. However, according to the 2019 Human Rights Report, violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) individuals was a serious concern, with local NGOs reporting 297 LGBTI persons were victims of hate killings. See our  LGBTI Travel Information  page and section 6 of our  Human Rights report  for further details.

Travelers Who Require Accessibility Assistance:  Brazilian law prohibits discrimination against persons with physical and mental disabilities in employment, education, and access to health care. However, accessibility to public transportation and the ability to accommodate the needs of physically disabled persons are limited in most areas. 

Students:  See our  Students Abroad  page and  FBI travel tips .

Women Travelers:  See our travel tips for  Women Travelers .

COVID-19 Testing: Brazil is a very large, diverse country with varying medical resources, both private and public, throughout the country. Many private labs perform COVID-19 testing at various prices, typically between $20 and $100.  PCR, serology-based antibody tests, and antigen tests are available.  Turn-around time varies widely depending upon location. Please verify turn-around time with your chosen lab before taking the test.  Express results within 2-4 hours are available in many locations at an increased fee, including in the Guarulhos International Airport in São Paulo and Galeão International Airport in Rio de Janeiro. Testing is available in the private sector without a doctor’s prescription, but a prescription may be required for insurance payment.

In the public healthcare system, each Brazilian state has its own COVID-19 testing plan. We recommend that you  contact local/state authorities for more information.  Typically, a COVID-19 test is ordered by an emergency room physician and then sent to a public lab. Turnaround time is much slower and can take up to seven days, but tests are generally free.  Information on testing sites and procedures is available through the  official app of the Ministry of Health.

COVID-19 Vaccines: The COVID-19 vaccine is available for U.S. citizens to receive in Brazil once they register with the public Unified Health System (SUS) . According to the Ministry of Health, available vaccines include AstraZeneca/Oxford (Fiocruz), CoronaVac (Butantan), Janssen (Johnson & Johnson), and Pfizer (BioNTech). For more information on local availability of COVID-19 vaccines, please see the Brazilian Ministry of Health’s website and also contact local health authorities .  

For emergency services in Brazil, dial 192.

Ambulance services are not present throughout the country or are unreliable in most areas except in state capitals and other large cities. 

We do not pay medical bills.  Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance. 

Medical Insurance:  Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas. Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments. See  our webpage  for more information on overseas insurance coverage. Visit the  U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

We strongly recommend supplemental insurance to cover medical evacuation.

If traveling with prescription medication, check with the  Government of Brazil  to ensure the medication is legal in Brazil. Always carry your prescription medication in original packaging, along with your doctor’s prescription. 

Vaccinations:  Be up-to-date on all  vaccinations  recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Though the yellow fever vaccine is not required to enter Brazil, travelers wishing to be vaccinated should consider receiving it prior to travel, as local supplies are limited. Please note that the yellow fever vaccine should be administered ten days prior to travel for it to be effective.

Also note that, while yellow fever vaccine is not required to enter Brazil, some neighboring countries (French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Bolivia, and Paraguay) do require travelers with recent entries in Brazil to show proof of yellow fever vaccination.

All travelers to the country are advised to carry documentation, such as a vaccination card, that they have been appropriately vaccinated for yellow fever.

The following diseases are prevalent in Brazil:

  • Chikungunya
  • Leishmaniasis
  • Travelers' diarrhea
  • Tuberculosis
  • Schistosomiasis

In recent years, outbreaks of these diseases have also been detected in certain areas of Brazil:

  • Yellow fever

Elective Surgery : Although Brazil has many elective/cosmetic surgery facilities that are on par with those found in the United States, the quality of care varies widely. If you plan to undergo surgery in Brazil, make sure that emergency medical facilities are available and professionals are accredited and qualified. Some “boutique” plastic surgery operations offer luxurious facilities but are not hospitals and are unable to handle emergencies. 

Visit the  U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  website for information on Medical Tourism, the risks of medical tourism, and what you can do to prepare before traveling to Brazil.

Non-traditional Medicine: Several U.S. citizens have died while seeking medical care from non-traditional “healers” and practitioners in Brazil. Ensure you have access to licensed emergency medical facilities if seeking such services.

Further health information:

  • World Health Organization
  • U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  (CDC)

Travel and Transportation

Public Transportation:  Consider avoiding the use of public, municipal buses in Brazil at any time of day, and especially at night. Crime trends indicate an elevated risk of robbery or assault on public bus systems throughout Brazil. The U.S. government recommends against personnel using public, municipal buses in all parts of Brazil.

Public buses are one of the main modes of inter-city road travel. Buses can range (depending on route and price) from luxurious and well-maintained to basic and mechanically unsound. Bus hijacking can occur at random.

Road Conditions and Safety:  Driving on Brazil's roads poses significant risks. Poor driving skills, bad roads, and high-density traffic make road travel more hazardous than in the United States. Road maintenance is inadequate in many areas and some long-distance roads through the Amazon forest are impassable much of the year due to flooding. 

Apart from toll roads, which generally have their own services, roadside assistance is available only sporadically and informally through local mechanics. The fastest way to summon assistance in an emergency anywhere in the country is to dial 193, a universal number staffed by local fire departments. This service is in Portuguese only.

Traffic Laws:  Travelers planning on staying for more than 180 days should obtain an Inter-American Driving Permit to carry with their valid U.S. license if they plan to drive in Brazil. Such permits can be obtained through AAA or other sources. Please note:

  • Everyone in the vehicle must wear a seatbelt. Brazilian federal law requires child seats for all children under the age of 7 ½. From age 7 ½ years to 10, children must only ride in the back seat.
  • Drivers must yield the right of way to cars on their right. Compliance with stop signs is rarely enforced, so many motorists treat them as yield signs. It is common for drivers to turn or cross one or more lanes of traffic without warning.
  • Drivers often flash their lights or wave their hand out the window to signal other drivers to slow down. 
  • Pedestrian crossings are only observed in some places, such as Brasilia. 
  • Drivers must have their daytime running lights on during the day and headlights on at night on Federal Highways.
  • Under Brazil’s Lei Seca (“Dry Law”),  you cannot operate a vehicle with any measurable blood-alcohol level. Checkpoints are often set up in urban areas, and randomly chosen drivers are required to perform a breathalyzer test. Those in violation are subject to legal penalties and having their vehicle impounded. 

See our  Road Safety page  for more information. Visit the website of Brazil’s  national tourist office  and  national authority responsible for road safety . 

Aviation Safety Oversight:  The U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has assessed the government of Brazil’s Civil Aviation Authority as being in compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards for oversight of Brazil’s air carrier operations. Further information may be found on the  FAA’s safety assessment page .

Maritime Travel:  Mariners planning travel to Brazil should also check for  U.S. maritime advisories and alerts .  Information may also be posted to the   U.S. Coast Guard homeport website , and the  NGA broadcast warnings .

For additional travel information

  • Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
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  • See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
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  • See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Brazil was cited in the State Department’s 2022 Annual Report to Congress on International Child Abduction for demonstrating a pattern of non-compliance with respect to international parental child abduction. Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in  Brazil . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the  International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA )  report. 

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COVID-19: travel health notice for all travellers

Brazil travel advice

Latest updates: Natural disasters and climate - added information on heavy rains

Last updated: March 21, 2024 19:46 ET

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Safety and security, entry and exit requirements, laws and culture, natural disasters and climate, brazil - exercise a high degree of caution.

Exercise a high degree of caution in Brazil due to high crime rates and regular incidents of gang-related and other violence in urban areas.

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Crime is a serious problem throughout Brazil. Crime rates are highest in urban centres, particularly in areas adjacent to impoverished neighbourhoods of:

  • Rio de Janeiro
  • São Paulo

Foreign tourists are most commonly affected by theft but incidents of violent crime have also occurred, due to the high prevalence of guns coupled with the willingness of criminals and police to resort to violence. To avoid becoming a victim of crime, be aware of your surroundings at all times and follow the security directives of local authorities.

Petty crime

Street crime, including pickpocketing, purse snatching and theft from cars, is common in Brazil’s large cities. Tourists are a favourite target.

Petty theft on buses and the metro is common. It is a significant concern in Recife.

Incidents of opportunistic crime increase significantly at large-scale sporting events, international conferences and during holidays such as the Carnival and New Year’s celebrations.

Flash mob robberies ( arrastões ) have occurred sporadically on Rio’s city beaches and in other crowded tourist areas. This type of crime involves a group of thieves (often young children and youth originating from nearby favelas) that swarm an area and snatch valuable items such as cash, jewellery and cell phones.

A common ruse used by criminals is the Good Samaritan scam, where a criminal offers to help a tourist who looks lost. If you are lost, go into a nearby business or hotel to ask for help.

  • Ensure that your personal belongings, including your passport and other travel documents, are secure at all times
  • Remain vigilant when visiting tourist destinations such as:
  • outdoor markets
  • hotel grounds
  • bars and nightclubs
  • airports and bus stations
  • Avoid showing signs of affluence such as expensive jewellery, watches, clothing and bags
  • Carry only small amounts of cash
  • Keep cameras and portable electronic devices concealed
  • Be aware of ploys to distract your attention
  • Remain cautious with new acquaintances who ask for information or offer hospitality or assistance
  • Book tours with reliable agencies

Violent crime

Armed robberies occur regularly, even during the day. They are a growing concern at restaurants, particularly in larger cities. Hold-ups can occur on Brazil’s trains. Assaults are frequently perpetrated in unofficial taxis.

Incidents of sexual assault against male and female foreigners have been reported, sometimes involving the use of sedatives.

Victims have been seriously injured or killed when resisting perpetrators, who may be armed or under the influence of drugs.

  • Exercise a high degree of caution at all times
  • Avoid travelling alone, especially at night
  • Avoid parks or central (downtown) areas of major cities
  • Avoid poorly lit and isolated streets
  • Avoid walking on isolated and unsupervised beaches with poor visibility from the sidewalk
  • If you are threatened by robbers, don’t resist.

Express kidnappings

The number of kidnappings in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan area has significantly increased since 2022.

Criminals may kidnap a victim for a few hours and force them to withdraw funds at an ATM for their release. Thieves may put drugs into food and drinks, temporarily incapacitating victims, who become quickly disoriented and are vulnerable to kidnapping.

  • Use only a reputable taxi company or a trusted ride-sharing app
  • Avoid showing signs of affluence, such using cell phones, headphones and wearing jewelry
  • Never leave food or drinks unattended or in the care of strangers
  • Be wary of accepting these items from new acquaintances

Borders with Colombia and Venezuela

There is a concerning level of serious criminal activity by organized criminal groups along the border areas with countries bordering Brazil, particularly Colombia and Venezuela. Incidents of attacks on tourists and kidnapping have occurred. Be extremely cautious when crossing into bordering countries.

Vulnerable neighborhoods

Vulnerable neighborhoods (commonly referred to as “favelas”), are characterized by informal housing developments, crowded quarters, poorer conditions, and/or irregular construction.

Gang-related violence and organized crime is prevalent in these areas and police assistance is very limited.

Avoid renting accommodations in vulnerable neighborhoods, and travelling to these areas, even on a guided tour.

Police operations

Armed clashes and shootouts between police forces and alleged criminals regularly occur in vulnerable neighbourhoods. Police operations have led to retaliation by criminal gangs. Vulnerable neighbourhoods are located across major cities, as a result, there is an ongoing risk of violence spilling over to neighbouring areas, including affluent neighbourhoods and tourist destinations. There have been incidents of injuries and deaths as a result of stray bullets near, and in, vulnerable neighbourhoods.

Credit card and ATM fraud is a major problem. Be cautious when using debit or credit cards:

  • pay careful attention when your cards are being handled by others
  • use ATMs located in well-lit public areas or inside a bank or business
  • avoid using card readers with an irregular or unusual feature
  • cover the keypad with one hand when entering your PIN
  • check for any unauthorized transactions on your account statements

Cybercrime is also a growing problem.  Perpetrators monitor social media sites and eavesdrop on your conversations when you are in the country.

  • Do not discuss travel plans or any other personal information within earshot of strangers
  • Be cautious when posting information on social media
  • Be particularly vigilant in internet cafes

Overseas fraud

Pirate attacks and armed robbery against ships occur in coastal waters. Mariners should take appropriate precautions.

Live piracy report - International Maritime Bureau’s Piracy Reporting Centre

Demonstrations

Demonstrations take place regularly. Even peaceful demonstrations can turn violent at any time. They can also lead to disruptions to traffic and public transportation.

Protests can cause delays on main roads, including to airports, such as to the Guarulhos International Airport i n São Paulo . Demonstrations tend to increase in frequency and intensity during major events that attract foreign visitors.

  • Avoid areas where demonstrations and large gatherings are taking place
  • Follow the instructions of local authorities
  • Monitor local media for information on ongoing demonstrations

Mass gatherings (large-scale events)

Women’s safety

Women travelling alone may be subject to some forms of harassment and verbal abuse.

  • Avoid travelling alone at night
  • Avoid carrying purses

Advice for women travellers

Spiked food and drinks

Never leave food or drinks unattended or in the care of strangers. Be wary of accepting snacks, beverages, gum or cigarettes from new acquaintances. These items may contain drugs that could put you at risk of sexual assault and robbery.

The use of sedatives to facilitate robberies of personal belongings has been reported on beaches in Rio and in crowded restaurants in São Paulo.

  • Never leave your belongings unattended on city beaches
  • Ask for drinks coming from sealed bottles or cans instead of in plastics glasses
  • In restaurants, avoid sitting close to the entrance

Coastal waters can be dangerous.

  • Swim or surf in areas where lifeguards are located
  • Avoid swimming where there are strong currents
  • Be wary of sharks, especially in Brazil’s north east near Recife
  • Follow the instructions and warnings of local authorities.

Robberies are frequent and occur in tourist destinations, including on hiking trails. Be especially cautious on the Corcovado trail in Rio, where several robberies have happened.

If you intend on trekking: 

  • never do so alone
  • always hire an experienced guide from a reputable company
  • buy travel insurance
  • ensure that your physical condition is good enough to meet the challenges of your activity
  • ensure that you’re properly equipped and well informed about weather and other conditions that may pose a hazard
  • inform a family member or friend of your itinerary, including when you expect to be back
  • obtain detailed information on trekking routes before setting out
  • ensure the trail doesn’t pass through a favela
  • do not venture off marked trail

Adventure tourism

Amazon border regions and the Pantanal wetlands are largely uninhabited and dangerous areas.

Travel in these regions only with trained guides.

Public transportation

The subway systems in Rio and in São Paulo are generally safe during the day. Be extremely cautious using public transportation at night

Bus accidents occur regularly.

Major bus stations charge fixed, pre-paid rates.

Do not use public vans.

Local law requires the use of the taxi meter to determine the legal fare. Adding surcharges to a fare is illegal.

Should taxi rates change and their taxi meters have not been adjusted, drivers may indicate these changes by showing an authorized paper with the new fares.

Many tourists hire “radio taxis”, also known as “commun taxis.” These taxis operate at a fixed price irrespective of the time of the day and the time it takes to arrive at your destination.

  • Only use official taxis
  • Upon arrival to Brazil, purchase your fare from licensed taxi offices in the airport arrival hall or near the taxi queues
  • During your stay, use licensed taxis from taxi stands

Road safety

Brazil has one of the highest road accident rates in the world.

Road conditions are generally acceptable in large cities but badly maintained in the rest of the country. Poor signage and construction also pose a hazard.

Drivers do not respect traffic laws. Drivers are extremely aggressive and reckless and often drive at excessive speeds.  

At night, it is common for drivers to treat red lights as stop signs to protect against hold-ups at intersections. Pedestrians and motorists proceeding through green lights during these hours should be particularly cautious.

  • Be careful when stopping on the side of any highway because of traffic
  • Be careful of motorbikes when changing lanes
  • When driving in the city, pay particular attention to your surroundings while waiting at traffic lights
  • If you feel threatened at any time, do not stop
  • If you are in a traffic accident, call the police immediately
  • Never confront the driver of another vehicle

We do not make assessments on the compliance of foreign domestic airlines with international safety standards.

Information about foreign domestic airlines

Effective April 10, 2024, Canadian passport holders will be required to obtain a visa to enter Brazil.

For more information, contact the nearest embassy or consulate of Brazil.

Useful links

  • Information on visitor visas – Ministry of foreign affairs of Brazil
  • Visitor visa – General consulate of Brazil

Every country or territory decides who can enter or exit through its borders. The Government of Canada cannot intervene on your behalf if you do not meet your destination’s entry or exit requirements.

We have obtained the information on this page from the Brazilian authorities. It can, however, change at any time.

Verify this information with the  Foreign Representatives in Canada .

Entry requirements vary depending on the type of passport you use for travel.

Before you travel, check with your transportation company about passport requirements. Its rules on passport validity may be more stringent than the country’s entry rules.

Regular Canadian passport

Your passport must be valid for at least 6 months beyond the date you expect to leave Brazil.

Passport for official travel

Different entry rules may apply.

Official travel

Passport with “X” gender identifier

While the Government of Canada issues passports with an “X” gender identifier, it cannot guarantee your entry or transit through other countries. You might face entry restrictions in countries that do not recognize the “X” gender identifier. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

Other travel documents

Different entry rules may apply when travelling with a temporary passport or an emergency travel document. Before you leave, check with the closest foreign representative for your destination.

  • Foreign Representatives in Canada
  • Canadian passports

Tourist visa: not required for stays of up to 90 days Business visa: not required for stays of up to 90 days without remuneration Student visa: not required for stays of up to 90 days

Length of stay

A tourist stay can be granted for up to 90 days. The permitted length of stay for tourists is determined by the immigration officer upon entry.

If you intend to stay more than 90 days, you must obtain an extension from the Federal Police for a maximum stay of 180 days per period of 12 months.

To request a visa extension, you will have to: 

  • request such an extension prior to the expiration of the authorized stay
  • provide your detailed (long-form) birth certificate

In order for your Canadian long form birth certificate to be accepted in Brazil, it must be presented to the Brazilian Embassy or one of its consulates prior to departure from Canada. Neither the Embassy of Canada nor its consulates in Brazil can authenticate a Canadian birth certificate outside of Canada.

Children and travel

Learn more about travelling with children .

Yellow fever

Learn about potential entry requirements related to yellow fever (vaccines section).

Relevant Travel Health Notices

  • Global Measles Notice - 13 March, 2024
  • Zika virus: Advice for travellers - 31 August, 2023
  • COVID-19 and International Travel - 13 March, 2024
  • Dengue: Advice for travellers - 4 March, 2024

This section contains information on possible health risks and restrictions regularly found or ongoing in the destination. Follow this advice to lower your risk of becoming ill while travelling. Not all risks are listed below.

Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic preferably 6 weeks before you travel to get personalized health advice and recommendations.

Routine vaccines

Be sure that your  routine vaccinations , as per your province or territory , are up-to-date before travelling, regardless of your destination.

Some of these vaccinations include measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polio, varicella (chickenpox), influenza and others.

Pre-travel vaccines and medications

You may be at risk for preventable diseases while travelling in this destination. Talk to a travel health professional about which medications or vaccines may be right for you, based on your destination and itinerary. 

Yellow fever   is a disease caused by a flavivirus from the bite of an infected mosquito.

Travellers get vaccinated either because it is required to enter a country or because it is recommended for their protection.

  • There is a risk of yellow fever in this country.

Country Entry Requirement*

  • Proof of vaccination is not required to enter this country.

Recommendation

  • Vaccination is recommended depending on your itinerary.
  • Contact a designated Yellow Fever Vaccination Centre well in advance of your trip to arrange for vaccination.
  • Discuss travel plans, activities, and destinations with a health care professional.
  • Protect yourself from mosquito bites.

About Yellow Fever Yellow Fever Vaccination Centres in Canada * It is important to note that   country entry requirements   may not reflect your risk of yellow fever at your destination. It is recommended that you contact the nearest   diplomatic or consular office   of the destination(s) you will be visiting to verify any additional entry requirements.

There is a risk of hepatitis A in this destination. It is a disease of the liver. People can get hepatitis A if they ingest contaminated food or water, eat foods prepared by an infectious person, or if they have close physical contact (such as oral-anal sex) with an infectious person, although casual contact among people does not spread the virus.

Practise  safe food and water precautions and wash your hands often. Vaccination is recommended for all travellers to areas where hepatitis A is present.

  Hepatitis B is a risk in every destination. It is a viral liver disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another through exposure to blood and body fluids containing the hepatitis B virus.  Travellers who may be exposed to blood or other bodily fluids (e.g., through sexual contact, medical treatment, sharing needles, tattooing, acupuncture or occupational exposure) are at higher risk of getting hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for all travellers. Prevent hepatitis B infection by practicing safe sex, only using new and sterile drug equipment, and only getting tattoos and piercings in settings that follow public health regulations and standards.

Measles is a highly contagious viral disease. It can spread quickly from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

Anyone who is not protected against measles is at risk of being infected with it when travelling internationally.

Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are fully protected against measles.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an infectious viral disease. It can spread from person to person by direct contact and through droplets in the air.

It is recommended that all eligible travellers complete a COVID-19 vaccine series along with any additional recommended doses in Canada before travelling. Evidence shows that vaccines are very effective at preventing severe illness, hospitalization and death from COVID-19. While vaccination provides better protection against serious illness, you may still be at risk of infection from the virus that causes COVID-19. Anyone who has not completed a vaccine series is at increased risk of being infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 and is at greater risk for severe disease when travelling internationally.

Before travelling, verify your destination’s COVID-19 vaccination entry/exit requirements. Regardless of where you are going, talk to a health care professional before travelling to make sure you are adequately protected against COVID-19.

 The best way to protect yourself from seasonal influenza (flu) is to get vaccinated every year. Get the flu shot at least 2 weeks before travelling.  

 The flu occurs worldwide. 

  •  In the Northern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs from November to   April.
  •  In the Southern Hemisphere, the flu season usually runs between April and   October.
  •  In the tropics, there is flu activity year round. 

The flu vaccine available in one hemisphere may only offer partial protection against the flu in the other hemisphere.

The flu virus spreads from person to person when they cough or sneeze or by touching objects and surfaces that have been contaminated with the virus. Clean your hands often and wear a mask if you have a fever or respiratory symptoms.

Malaria  is a serious and sometimes fatal disease that is caused by parasites spread through the bites of mosquitoes.   There is a risk of malaria in certain areas and/or during a certain time of year in this destination. 

Antimalarial medication may be recommended depending on your itinerary and the time of year you are travelling. Consult a health care professional or visit a travel health clinic before travelling to discuss your options. It is recommended to do this 6 weeks before travel, however, it is still a good idea any time before leaving.    Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times:  • Cover your skin and use an approved insect repellent on uncovered skin.  • Exclude mosquitoes from your living area with screening and/or closed, well-sealed doors and windows. • Use insecticide-treated bed nets if mosquitoes cannot be excluded from your living area.  • Wear permethrin-treated clothing.    If you develop symptoms similar to malaria when you are travelling or up to a year after you return home, see a health care professional immediately. Tell them where you have been travelling or living. 

In this destination, rabies is carried by dogs and some wildlife, including bats. Rabies is a deadly disease that spreads to humans primarily through bites or scratches from an infected animal. While travelling, take precautions , including keeping your distance from animals (including free-roaming dogs), and closely supervising children.

If you are bitten or scratched by an animal while travelling, immediately wash the wound with soap and clean water and see a health care professional. Rabies treatment is often available in this destination. 

Before travel, discuss rabies vaccination with a health care professional. It may be recommended for travellers who are at high risk of exposure (e.g., occupational risk such as veterinarians and wildlife workers, children, adventure travellers and spelunkers, and others in close contact with animals). 

Safe food and water precautions

Many illnesses can be caused by eating food or drinking beverages contaminated by bacteria, parasites, toxins, or viruses, or by swimming or bathing in contaminated water.

  • Learn more about food and water precautions to take to avoid getting sick by visiting our eat and drink safely abroad page. Remember: Boil it, cook it, peel it, or leave it!
  • Avoid getting water into your eyes, mouth or nose when swimming or participating in activities in freshwater (streams, canals, lakes), particularly after flooding or heavy rain. Water may look clean but could still be polluted or contaminated.
  • Avoid inhaling or swallowing water while bathing, showering, or swimming in pools or hot tubs. 

Travellers' diarrhea is the most common illness affecting travellers. It is spread from eating or drinking contaminated food or water.

Risk of developing travellers' diarrhea increases when travelling in regions with poor standards of hygiene and sanitation. Practise safe food and water precautions.

The most important treatment for travellers' diarrhea is rehydration (drinking lots of fluids). Carry oral rehydration salts when travelling.

Typhoid   is a bacterial infection spread by contaminated food or water. Risk is higher among children, travellers going to rural areas, travellers visiting friends and relatives or those travelling for a long period of time.

Travellers visiting regions with a risk of typhoid, especially those exposed to places with poor sanitation, should speak to a health care professional about vaccination.  

There is a risk of schistosomiasis in this destination. Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by tiny worms (blood flukes) which can be found in freshwater (lakes, rivers, ponds, and wetlands). The worms can break the skin, and their eggs can cause stomach pain, diarrhea, flu-like symptoms, or urinary problems. Schistosomiasis mostly affects underdeveloped and r ural communities, particularly agricultural and fishing communities.

Most travellers are at low risk. Travellers should avoid contact with untreated freshwater such as lakes, rivers, and ponds (e.g., swimming, bathing, wading, ingesting). There is no vaccine or medication available to prevent infection.

Insect bite prevention

Many diseases are spread by the bites of infected insects such as mosquitoes, ticks, fleas or flies. When travelling to areas where infected insects may be present:

  • Use insect repellent (bug spray) on exposed skin
  • Cover up with light-coloured, loose clothes made of tightly woven materials such as nylon or polyester
  • Minimize exposure to insects
  • Use mosquito netting when sleeping outdoors or in buildings that are not fully enclosed

To learn more about how you can reduce your risk of infection and disease caused by bites, both at home and abroad, visit our insect bite prevention page.

Find out what types of insects are present where you’re travelling, when they’re most active, and the symptoms of the diseases they spread.

There is a risk of chikungunya in this country.  The risk may vary between regions of a country.  Chikungunya is a virus spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. Chikungunya can cause a viral disease that typically causes fever and pain in the joints. In some cases, the joint pain can be severe and last for months or years.

Protect yourself from mosquito bites at all times. There is no vaccine available for chikungunya.

Cutaneous and mucosal   leishmaniasis   causes skin sores and ulcers. It is caused by a parasite spread through the bite of a female sandfly.

Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from sandfly bites, which typically occur after sunset in rural and forested areas and in some urban centres. There is no vaccine or medication to protect against leishmaniasis.

Visceral  leishmaniasis   (or kala azar) affects the bone marrow and internal organs. It is caused by a parasite spread through the bite of a female sandfly. It can also be transmitted by blood transfusion or sharing contaminated needles. If left untreated it can cause death. Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from sandfly bites, which typically occur after sunset in rural and forested areas and in some urban centres. There is no vaccine or medication to protect against leishmaniasis.

  • In this country,   dengue  is a risk to travellers. It is a viral disease spread to humans by mosquito bites.
  • Dengue can cause flu-like symptoms. In some cases, it can lead to severe dengue, which can be fatal.
  • The level of risk of dengue changes seasonally, and varies from year to year. The level of risk also varies between regions in a country and can depend on the elevation in the region.
  • Mosquitoes carrying dengue typically bite during the daytime, particularly around sunrise and sunset.
  • Protect yourself from mosquito bites . There is no vaccine or medication that protects against dengue.

Zika virus is a risk in this country. 

Zika virus is primarily spread through the bite of an infected mosquito. It can also be sexually transmitted. Zika virus can cause serious birth defects.

During your trip:

  • Prevent mosquito bites at all times.
  • Use condoms correctly or avoid sexual contact, particularly if you are pregnant.

If you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, you should discuss the potential risks of travelling to this destination with your health care provider. You may choose to avoid or postpone travel. 

For more information, see Zika virus: Pregnant or planning a pregnancy.

American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease)   is a risk in this country. It is caused by a parasite spread by infected triatomine bugs. The infection can be inactive for decades, but humans can eventually develop complications causing disability and even death.

Risk is generally low for most travellers. Protect yourself from triatomine bugs, which are active at night, by using mosquito nets if staying in poorly-constructed housing. There is no vaccine available for Chagas disease.

Animal precautions

Some infections, such as rabies and influenza, can be shared between humans and animals. Certain types of activities may increase your chance of contact with animals, such as travelling in rural or forested areas, camping, hiking, and visiting wet markets (places where live animals are slaughtered and sold) or caves.

Travellers are cautioned to avoid contact with animals, including dogs, livestock (pigs, cows), monkeys, snakes, rodents, birds, and bats, and to avoid eating undercooked wild game.

Closely supervise children, as they are more likely to come in contact with animals.

Person-to-person infections

Stay home if you’re sick and practise proper cough and sneeze etiquette , which includes coughing or sneezing into a tissue or the bend of your arm, not your hand. Reduce your risk of colds, the flu and other illnesses by:

  •   washing your hands often
  • avoiding or limiting the amount of time spent in closed spaces, crowded places, or at large-scale events (concerts, sporting events, rallies)
  • avoiding close physical contact with people who may be showing symptoms of illness 

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) , HIV , and mpox are spread through blood and bodily fluids; use condoms, practise safe sex, and limit your number of sexual partners. Check with your local public health authority pre-travel to determine your eligibility for mpox vaccine.  

Medical services and facilities

Good health care is only available in major cities. Quality of care varies greatly throughout the country.

Private hospitals and clinics located in cities are often better staffed and equipped than public or rural facilities.

Some medical facilities in the state of Rio de Janeiro have closed or are providing limited services, due to lack of funding for their operations. Private hospitals remain operational.

Certain medications may not be available.

Physicians and hospitals often expect immediate cash payment.

Medical evacuation can be very expensive and you may need it in case of serious illness or injury.

Make sure you get travel insurance that includes coverage for medical evacuation and hospital stays.

Travel health and safety

Keep in Mind...

The decision to travel is the sole responsibility of the traveller. The traveller is also responsible for his or her own personal safety.

Be prepared. Do not expect medical services to be the same as in Canada. Pack a   travel health kit , especially if you will be travelling away from major city centres.

You must abide by local laws.

Learn about what you should do and how we can help if you are arrested or detained abroad .

Penalties for possession, use or trafficking of illegal drugs are severe.

Avoid areas of known drug trafficking. Travellers should not, under any circumstances, carry any items for strangers, especially baggage and parcels.

Drugs, alcohol and travel

Child sex tourism

Brazil is actively seeking to prevent child sex tourism. A number of tourists have been convicted of offences relating to the corruption of minors.

The legal age of consent in Brazil is 18. Prison sentences are severe.

Child Sex Tourism: It’s a Crime

Identification

You must carry photo identification, such as a passport or driver’s license. Keep a photocopy of your passport in a safe place, in case it’s lost or confiscated.

Not carrying identification can lead to problems and delays if stopped by police or in case of a medical emergency.

Dual citizenship

Dual citizenship is legally recognized in Brazil.

If you are a Canadian citizen, but also a citizen of Brazil, our ability to offer you consular services may be limited while you're there. You may also be subject to different entry/exit requirements .

Travellers with dual citizenship

International Child Abduction

The Hague Convention on the Civil Aspects of International Child Abduction is an international treaty. It can help parents with the return of children who have been removed to or retained in certain countries in violation of custody rights. The convention applies between Canada and Brazil.

If your child was wrongfully taken to, or is being held in Brazil, and if the applicable conditions are met, you may apply for the return of your child to the Brazilian court.

If you are in this situation:

  • act as quickly as you can
  • contact the Central Authority for your province or territory of residence for information on starting an application under The Hague Convention
  • consult a lawyer in Canada and in Brazil to explore all the legal options for the return of your child
  • report the situation to the nearest Canadian government office abroad or to the Vulnerable Children’s Consular Unit at Global Affairs Canada by calling the Emergency Watch and Response Centre

If your child was removed from a country other than Canada, consult a lawyer to determine if The Hague Convention applies.

Be aware that Canadian consular officials cannot interfere in private legal matters or in another country’s judicial affairs.

  • List of Canadian Central Authorities for the Hague Convention
  • International Child Abduction: A Guidebook for Left-Behind Parents
  • Travelling with children
  • The Hague Convention - Hague Conference on Private International Law
  • Canadian embassies and consulates by destination
  • Emergency Watch and Response Centre

The legal blood alcohol limit is 0.00% in Brazil. If the police suspect you of drinking and driving, they could confiscate your driver’s licence on the spot. If convicted, you can expect heavy fines and possible jail sentences.

You can drive in Brazil for up to 180 days with a valid Canadian driver’s licence. Obtain an official Portuguese translation of your Canadian driver’s licence to help when dealing with local authorities.

You should carry an international driving permit.

International Driving Permit

The currency is the real (BRL).

Canadian bank cards may not work in ATMs. They should have a pin with a maximum of 4 digits to work in Brazil.

Canadian dollars are not generally accepted, except by some exchange bureaus, most likely at airports. Do not exchange money on the street.

Carry small bills, as change is often unavailable for small transactions.

Heavy rains

Heavy rains and strong winds are forecasted to affect all of Brazil, but particularly in Southeastern Brazil. The heavy rains could lead to floods and cause significant damage to buildings and infrastructure in the states of Sao Paulo, Minas Gerais and Rio de Janeiro.

The following essential services could be disrupted:

  • transportation
  • power distribution
  • fuel supply
  • water and food supply
  • telecommunications networks
  • emergency services
  • medical care

If you're in Southesatern Brazil:

  • shelter in a safe place and stay indoors
  • exercise caution
  • monitor local news and weather reports
  • follow the instructions of local authorities, including evacuation orders

Weather alerts – National Institute of Meteorology (in Portuguese)

El Niño

The complex weather phenomenon called El Niño happens at irregular intervals of 2 to 7 years and can last 9 months to 2 years. El Niño generally generates droughts and heavy rainfalls, which could cause flooding, landslides, and mudslides, and could severely disrupt travel. Extreme droughts and heavy rains could limit access to food, drinking water, hygiene products, and medication. Severe weather could occur, such as:

  • Below-average rainfall and droughts in the north and northeast
  • Excessive rains in the south and southeast of the country
  • Above-average temperatures in all regions

Keep informed of regional weather forecasts before and during your travels, and plan accordingly. Ensure you have adequate insurance to cover the consequences of such events, including the disruption of travel plans. 

Learn about El Niño

Rainy seasons

The rainy seasons extend from:

  • January to July in the north
  • October to April in the south and southeast
  • April to July in the northeast

Flash floods can occur outside of the rainy season.

They can hamper overland travel, especially in rural areas. Roads may become impassable and bridges damaged. Travel conditions on mountain roads and on highways leading to beaches can be dangerous. Seasonal flooding can also reduce the provision of essential services. Power outages are frequent during the rainy season.

Avoid the affected areas, keep informed of regional weather forecasts and follow the instructions of local authorities.

  • Weather warnings – National Institute of Meteorology (in Portuguese)
  • Weather forecast – Climatempo (in Portuguese)
  • More about hurricanes, typhoons, cyclones and monsoons

Landslides 

Landslides are becoming more common in Brazil and are the result of heavy rainfall. During heavy rainfall, landslides are more likely to occur.

Dry season   

Brasilia and the interior of the country experiences extreme dry periods between June and September.  Humidity levels can drop below 10% and heat levels rise significantly.

Stay informed of regional weather forecasts and plan accordingly.

A severe drought is affecting the south east of Brazil.

The water supply in São Paulo, including to the city of São Paulo, has been significantly affected. Some areas of São Paulo are experiencing water shortages, and the water quality has diminished.

Use only bottled water for drinking and cooking.

Bush and forest fires are common between May to September, particularly in Brasilia.

The air quality in areas near active fires may deteriorate due to heavy smoke. In case of a major fire:

  • stay away from the affected area, particularly if you suffer from respiratory ailments
  • follow the instructions of local emergency services personnel
  • monitor local media for up-to-date information on the situation

Local services

In case of emergency, dial:

  • police (military): 190
  • medical assistance: 192
  • firefighters: 193

Tourist police

  • Rio de Janeiro: (21) 2332 2924 or 2334 6802
  • São Paulo: (11) 3120 4447 or 3151 4167
  • Salvador: (71) 3116-6817
  • Recife: (81) 3322-4867

Consular assistance

For emergency consular assistance, call the Embassy of Canada to Brazil, in Brasilia, or the Consulate General of Canada in São Paulo or Rio de Janeiro and follow the instructions. At any time, you may also contact the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa.

You may call the Emergency Watch and Response Centre in Ottawa toll-free at 0 800 891-6614.

The decision to travel is your choice and you are responsible for your personal safety abroad. We take the safety and security of Canadians abroad very seriously and provide credible and timely information in our Travel Advice to enable you to make well-informed decisions regarding your travel abroad.

The content on this page is provided for information only. While we make every effort to give you correct information, it is provided on an "as is" basis without warranty of any kind, expressed or implied. The Government of Canada does not assume responsibility and will not be liable for any damages in connection to the information provided.

If you need consular assistance while abroad, we will make every effort to help you. However, there may be constraints that will limit the ability of the Government of Canada to provide services.

Learn more about consular services .

Risk Levels

  take normal security precautions.

Take similar precautions to those you would take in Canada.

  Exercise a high degree of caution

There are certain safety and security concerns or the situation could change quickly. Be very cautious at all times, monitor local media and follow the instructions of local authorities.

IMPORTANT: The two levels below are official Government of Canada Travel Advisories and are issued when the safety and security of Canadians travelling or living in the country or region may be at risk.

  Avoid non-essential travel

Your safety and security could be at risk. You should think about your need to travel to this country, territory or region based on family or business requirements, knowledge of or familiarity with the region, and other factors. If you are already there, think about whether you really need to be there. If you do not need to be there, you should think about leaving.

  Avoid all travel

You should not travel to this country, territory or region. Your personal safety and security are at great risk. If you are already there, you should think about leaving if it is safe to do so.

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Latest update

Exercise a high degree of caution in Brazil due to the threat of violent crime.

Brazil

Brazil (PDF 1.24 MB)

Americas (PDF 3.25 MB)

Local emergency contacts

Fire and rescue services, medical emergencies.

Call 192 or go to a hospital.

Call 190 or go to the local police station.

Advice levels

Exercise a high degree of caution in Brazil.

  • Large scale protests can occur at any time in Brazil. Monitor the media. Follow the instructions of local authorities and review our guidance on  staying safe when there are demonstrations .
  • Violent crime, including mugging, armed robbery and carjacking is common. These occur more often in large cities and during festivals, such as Carnaval. Don't go out alone at night. Avoid isolated areas, including beaches. Crime rates are particularly high in shanty towns or 'favelas'. Don't enter favelas, even with a tour group.
  • Use only prepaid or official taxis. If using rideshare apps such as Uber, ensure you enter the vehicle with the same plate number and name shown in the app. If you're driving yourself, keep doors locked and windows closed. Ensure your route avoids favelas.
  • The wet season is from November to July, depending on the region. Landslides and flooding can occur, and severe storms often delay flights. Be prepared to adjust your travel plans. 

Full travel advice:  Safety

  • Brazil experiences recurrent measles outbreaks. It is important to get vaccinated. 
  • Common insect-borne diseases include dengue, malaria, yellow fever, Zika virus, chikungunya, filariasis and leishmaniasis. The 2024 seasonal increase in dengue fever is much higher than usual. Protect yourself from insect bites. Get vaccinated against yellow fever where possible.
  • HIV/AIDS is a serious risk. Take precautions if you're taking part in high-risk activities.
  • Food-related, waterborne and other infectious diseases include cholera, typhoid and hepatitis. Drink boiled or bottled water. Avoid raw or undercooked food. 

Full travel advice:  Health

  • Don't use or carry illegal drugs. Penalties for drug offences are severe and include long prison sentences.
  • You must carry proof of identity with you. Always carry photo ID, such as a driver's licence and a photocopy of your passport.
  • Dual nationals must enter Brazil on their Brazilian passport. If you're male and aged over 18, you may need to do military service. Contact a  Brazilian embassy or consulate  for advice.
  • Same-sex relationships are legal but aren't always accepted in rural communities. Avoid public displays of affection.
  • Don't drink and drive. Penalties are severe for driving with a blood-alcohol level reading over 0%. 

Full travel advice:  Local laws

  • From 10 April, Australian passport holders will need a visa to enter Brazil. For more information, contact an  embassy or consulate of Brazil .
  • Entry and exit conditions may change without warning. Follow the advice of border and health authorities and comply with local regulations. Contact the nearest Brazilian embassy or consulate for the latest details.
  • Brazilian children (including dual nationals) must have written consent from any non-accompanying parent to depart Brazil. 

Full travel advice: Travel

Local contacts

  • The  Consular Services Charter  details what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.
  • For full consular assistance, contact the  Australian Embassy in Brasilia  or the Australian Consulate-General in São Paulo .
  • The Australian Consulate in Rio de Janeiro  does not provide notarial (document legalisation) services and only provides limited services, for example interviews for an Australian Passport.

Full travel advice:  Local contacts

Full advice

Violent crime.

Violent crime, often involving weapons, is common, especially in large cities. Most crime is opportunistic. Common examples which involve tourists include the theft of valuables at the beach or from bags and valuables snatched while sightseeing. Tourists have also been robbed at knife or gunpoint. Local authorities advise against taking valuables and passports to the beach. Carry a photocopy of your passport or another form of identity.

Muggings and other violent crimes are common in and around:

  • tourist spots, hotels, nightclubs and bars
  • historical centres
  • public transport
  • public beaches
  • outdoor markets
  • unregistered taxis
  • ATMs and currency exchange facilities

Other common crimes include:

  • home invasion
  • food and drink spiking
  • sexual assault
  • kidnapping  and scams

In Rio de Janeiro, crime hotspots include:

  • Copacabana Beach
  • Ipanema Beach
  • the Santa Teresa area
  • the Lapa neighbourhood
  • the Christ the Redeemer statue
  • the Corcovado Trail

In São Paulo, crime hotspots are in the downtown area and around the historical centre of the city and include:

  • around the São Paulo Cathedral
  • Station of light (Estação da Luz)
  • Princess Isabel Square
  • Central market

In Brasilia, crime hotspots include the central bus station and two adjacent shopping centres. 

Crime levels in shanty towns, or 'favelas', and many satellite cities are especially high.

Crimes relating to drug trafficking and illicit goods are common along Brazil's western and northern border areas. Affected areas include:

  • the states of Amazonas, Acre, Rondônia, Mato Grosso, Roraima, Pará and Amapa
  • the tri-border area of Argentina, Brazil (Foz do Iguaçu city) and Paraguay

Your safety is your main priority. Don't chase after a perpetrator or resist. Criminals may be armed and, if challenged, they may respond with violence. They will often have accomplices nearby. If you're robbed, report it to the local police.

To protect yourself from violent crime:

  • avoid crime hotspots, especially late at night
  • stay alert in public places, especially where there are lots of people, including other tourists
  • leave valuables and passport in a hotel safe
  • keep mobile devices and other valuables out of sight
  • keep your belongings and baggage close to you when you're outside
  • lock the doors and windows of your accommodation, including balcony doors
  • avoid going out alone, especially at night
  • avoid isolated areas on the beach
  • don't leave your luggage, food or drinks unattended
  • never accept drinks, food, gum or cigarettes from people you've just met
  • don't enter favelas, even with a tour group

If you're a victim of violent crime, including rape, seek immediate medical help. The risk of HIV/AIDS is high.

Female survivors of domestic violence or sexual assault can access a dedicated hotline that provides access to local support services, including police, by calling 180 or via the WhatsApp phone messaging application on +55 61 99610 0180.

Partying safely

Crime levels increase before and during festivals such as Carnaval, with tourists frequently being targeted.

Make sure you follow these tips: 

  • watch out for drink spiking and know your alcohol limits
  • don’t use drugs – penalties for drug offences in Brazil are high
  • don’t drink and drive – penalties are severe for driving with a blood-alcohol reading over 0%
  • keep your valuables out of sight, as petty crime, such as bag or phone snatching, is common
  • be mindful of where you’re going, get recommendations from your hotel and plan your transport options in advance

More information:

Scammers take advantage of people looking for romantic partners, often via dating websites, apps or social media, by pretending to be prospective companions. Be wary of any online invitation you receive to travel to an unfamiliar location, especially if the location is changed at late notice and if someone is offering romance. The scammer may kidnap you and force you to transfer or withdraw money and then extort your loved ones for more money to secure your release.

Take caution when purchasing food and beverages from vendors, especially at the beach when paying by card. Confirm the price before and check the figure on the card machine is correct and hasn't been inflated. Don’t give your card to the vendor when making payments.

  • Theft and robbery
  • Scams that affect travellers

Cyber security 

You may be at risk of cyber-based threats during overseas travel to any country. Digital identity theft is a growing concern. Your devices and personal data can be compromised, especially if you’re connecting to Wi-Fi, using or connecting to shared or public computers, or to Bluetooth.

Social media can also be risky in destinations where there are social or political tensions, or laws that may seem unreasonable by Australian standards. Travellers have been arrested for things they have said on social media. Don't comment on local or political events on your social media.

  • Cyber security when travelling overseas

Kidnapping occurs across the world with political, ideological and criminal motives. Foreigners, including Australians, have been kidnapped overseas while travelling. Kidnaps can happen anywhere, anytime, including in destinations that are typically at lower risk. The Australian Government's longstanding policy is that it doesn't make payments or concessions to kidnappers.

Kidnappings occur in Brazil, and in some cases, individuals of perceived wealth are targeted. There have been instances of kidnapping-for-ransom, express, tiger, and virtual kidnappings. There were more express and tiger kidnaps in Brazil than in any other country worldwide during the first half of 2023.

Civil unrest and political tension

Large-scale protests are common. Public protests and events that draw large crowds can turn violent and authorities have used tear gas and other riot-control measures.

Demonstrations and protests often interrupt traffic and public transport.

During periods of unrest:

  • avoid protests and rallies
  • monitor the news for possible unrest and avoid those areas
  • if a protest occurs, leave if it's safe to do so
  • prepare for long waits and be ready to adjust your travel plans
  • follow instructions from the local authorities

You should follow the instructions of local authorities and review our guidance on  staying safe when there are demonstrations .

  • Demonstrations and civil unrest

Terrorism is a threat worldwide.

Major events are attractive targets for terrorists.

To protect yourself from terrorism:

  • be alert to possible threats
  • report suspicious activity or items to police
  • monitor the news for emerging threats
  • take official warnings seriously
  • follow the advice from local authorities

If there's an attack, leave the affected area straight away if you can.

Avoid the affected area after an attack in case there are secondary attacks.

Swimming safety

Many beaches, including in Rio de Janeiro and Fortaleza, have strong, dangerous rips.

Shark attacks are possible, especially at many north-eastern beaches. Obey warning signs.

Climate and natural disasters

Brazil experiences severe droughts and flooding.

If there's a  natural disaster :

  • secure your passport in a safe, waterproof location
  • keep in contact with your friends and family
  • monitor the media and local sources
  • follow the advice of local authorities

Register with the  Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System  to receive alerts on major disasters.

The wet season is from January to July in the north, November to March in the south and south-east and April to July in the north-east. Landslides, flooding and flash flooding can happen, especially in poorer urban areas. 

It's common for flooding and severe storms to damage transport infrastructure, including roads and bridges and can delay domestic and international flights. Monitor local media for weather advice and follow any instructions given by local authorities.

Staying safe in the heat

If you're travelling during extreme hot weather, plan your days to avoid being outside during the hottest part of the day. If you go out in the heat, rest often and stay in the shade as much as possible.

  • Drink plenty of water. Even if you're not thirsty. Avoid alcohol
  • Wear sunscreen, a hat and sunglasses
  • Wear loose, lightweight, light-coloured clothing

Avoid strenuous outdoor activities such as hiking or biking in extreme hot weather, particularly if you're not usually active or used to high temperatures.

  • Extreme hot weather

Travel insurance

Get comprehensive  travel insurance  before you leave.

Your policy needs to cover all overseas medical costs, including medical evacuation. The Australian Government won't pay for these costs.

If you can't afford travel insurance, you can't afford to travel. This applies to everyone, no matter how healthy and fit you are.

If you're not insured, you may have to pay many thousands of dollars up-front for medical care.

  • what activities and care your policy covers
  • that your insurance covers you for the whole time you'll be away

Physical and mental health

If you have immediate concerns for your welfare, or the welfare of another Australian, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on +61 2 6261 3305 or contact your  nearest Australian Embassy, High Commission or Consulate  to discuss counselling hotlines and services available in your location.

Consider your physical and mental health before you travel, especially if you have an existing medical condition.

See your doctor or travel clinic to:

  • have a basic health check-up
  • ask if your travel plans may affect your health
  • plan any vaccinations you need

Do this at least 8 weeks before you leave.

  • General health advice
  • Healthy holiday tips  (Healthdirect Australia)

Medications

Not all medication available over the counter or by prescription in Australia is available in other countries. Some may even be considered illegal or a controlled substance, even if prescribed by an Australian doctor.

If you plan to bring medication, check if it's legal in Brazil. Take enough legal medicine for your trip.

Carry a copy of your prescription or a dated letter from your doctor stating:

  • what the medication is
  • your required dosage
  • that it's for personal use

Health risks

Insect-borne diseases.

Insect-borne diseases are a serious risk in Brazil.  Yellow fever ,  dengue ,  malaria  and the  zika virus  are common. Other insect-borne diseases include:

  • chikungunya
  • leishmaniasis

You're most at risk during the wet season, in poorer urban areas or in regional areas where there are stagnant bodies of water, including the Pantanal or Amazon.

Take the following steps to avoid insect bites:

  • cover exposed skin with light-coloured long-sleeved shirts and long pants
  • use insect repellents. If you use both sunscreen and insect repellent, apply the sunscreen first and then the repellent
  • treat your clothing and gear with insecticides
  • sleep in screened or air-conditioned rooms. Use bed nets if you can't keep mosquitoes from coming inside the room
  • consider taking anti-malarial medication
  • Infectious diseases
  • Immunisation  (Department of Health and Aged Care)

HIV/AIDS  is a significant risk. Take precautions if you're taking part in activities that put you at risk of infection, such as avoiding contact with contaminated objects and sharing personal items. Practice safe sex. 

Other health risks

There are recurrent  measles  outbreaks in Brazil. To protect yourself, stay up to date with your vaccinations, wash your hands regularly and avoid close contact with people who are sick and wild or domestic animals. 

Food-related, waterborne and other infectious diseases are common, including:

  • bilharzia (schistosomiasis)

To protect yourself from illness:

  • drink boiled water or bottled water with sealed lids
  • avoid ice cubes
  • avoid raw and undercooked food, such as salads
  • avoid contact with dogs and other mammals
  • avoid swimming in fresh water

If you're bitten or scratched by an animal, get medical help immediately.

Make sure your vaccinations are up to date.

  • Measles immunisation service

Medical care

Medical facilities.

You can access free health care at public hospitals and clinics in Brazil. The standard of emergency care is generally high but can vary, with access being more limited and of a lower standard outside of major urban areas.

When accessing public health care, you will likely experience overcrowding, longer wait times and more rudimentary facilities than you are accustomed to in Australia. It is very unlikely your treating doctor will speak English.

Private health care at hospitals and clinics in larger cities is often similar or superior to Australia. Doctors will often speak at least some English. Private medical care is very expensive, even more expensive if you need a medical evacuation. You may be charged upfront or be required to produce proof of insurance prior to receiving treatment.  

Public mental health care facilities are basic and overcrowded with a focus on more severe chronic and acute care, using a pharmaceutical-based treatment approach.

You're subject to all local laws and penalties, including those that may appear harsh by Australian standards. Research local laws before travelling.

If you're arrested or jailed, the Australian Government will do what it can to help you under our  Consular Services Charter . But we can't get you out of trouble or out of jail.

Brazil has severe penalties for possession of or trafficking illegal drugs. These include long sentences in local jails.

  • Carrying or using drugs

You must always carry proof of identity. Carry a photocopy of your passport with some original identification, such as your driver's licence or another government-issued identity document. 

Don't drink and drive, penalties are severe for driving with a blood-alcohol level reading over 0%. 

Australian laws

Some Australian criminal laws still apply when you're overseas. If you break these laws, you may face prosecution in Australia.

  • Staying within the law

Dual citizenship

Dual nationals must enter and exit Brazil using their Brazilian passport.

If you're a dual national male over 18, you'll have to do military service if you stay in Brazil for 12 months.

Contact a  Brazilian embassy or consulate  for advice.

  • Dual nationals

Local customs

Same-sex relationships are legal but aren't always accepted. Avoid public displays of affection.

  • Advice for LGBTI travellers

Visas and border measures

Every country or territory decides who can enter or leave through its borders. For specific information about the evidence you'll need to enter a foreign destination, check with the nearest embassy, consulate or immigration department of the destination you're entering. 

From 10 April, Australian passport holders will be required to obtain a visa to enter Brazil. For more information, contact an  embassy or consulate of Brazil  for details about visas, currency and customs. 

Currently you don't need a visa to enter Brazil for:

  • artistic or sport activities

You can stay in Brazil for 90 days over a 12-month period. This will be counted from the date of your first entry to Brazil. You can also extend your stay for another 90 days. If you require visa advice or assistance, you should contact the Brazilian Federal Police or a visa agency.

In other cases, apply for your visa through an  embassy or consulate of Brazil .

If you plan to live in Brazil, you'll need to get a visa before arrival. The Brazilian Government strongly enforces immigration and entry laws.

If you need a visa and arrive without one, authorities will send you back on the next available flight.

  • Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Travel via Chile

If you’re travelling via Chile, ensure you meet all current entry or transit requirements.

  • Travel advice for Chile

Other formalities

Entry and exit stamps.

When you arrive, authorities will stamp your passport. This may be inspected by immigration authorities when you leave.

If you plan to leave Brazil and return during your trip, get an exit stamp in your passport from Brazilian immigration when you leave.

Yellow fever vaccination

You may need a valid yellow fever vaccination certificate to enter Brazil. Some airlines may want to see a copy when you depart to Australia or other countries.

Find out about returning to Australia  after exposure to yellow fever .

  • Countries with a risk of yellow fever

Travel with children

Dual-national children must enter and exit Brazil using their Brazilian passports. 

Brazilian and dual-national children travelling in the company of only one parent must provide proof of consent to travel from the non-accompanying parent. If you can't produce proof of parental consent, local authorities will stop your children from departing Brazil. Unaccompanied children, or children travelling in the company of a non-parent, will require the consent of both parents.

Parental consent will usually be in the form of an observation note inserted into the child's Brazilian passport when it is issued by the Brazilian authorities. Alternatively, a Brazilian Embassy, Consulate or Juvenile Court can witness and notarise written parental consent or proof of residence outside Brazil.

If one or both parents are deceased, you'll require a death certificate notarised by a Brazilian Embassy, Consulate or Juvenile Court.

Parents of dual-national children should contact a Brazilian embassy or consulate for advice.

  • Advice for people travelling with children

Authorities won't let you enter Brazil unless your passport is valid for at least 6 months from the date of your entry. This may apply even if you're just transiting.

Some immigration authorities and airlines apply the rule inconsistently. Tourists can receive conflicting advice from different sources. You can end up stranded if your passport is not valid for more than 6 months.

The Australian Government does not set these rules. Check your passport's expiry date before you travel. If you're not sure it'll be valid for long enough, consider getting  a new passport .

Lost or stolen passport

Your passport is a valuable document. It's attractive to people who may try to use your identity to commit crimes.

Some people may try to trick you into giving them your passport. Always keep it in a safe place.

If your passport is lost or stolen, tell the Australian Government as soon as possible:

  • In Australia, contact the  Australian Passport Information Service .
  • If you're overseas, contact the nearest  Australian embassy or consulate .

Passport with ‘X’ gender identifier 

Although Australian passports comply with international standards for sex and gender, we can’t guarantee that a passport showing 'X' in the sex field will be accepted for entry or transit by another country. Contact the nearest embassy, high commission or consulate of your destination  before you arrive at the border to confirm if authorities will accept passports with 'X' gender markers.

  • LGBTI travellers

The local currency is the Brazilian Real (BRL).

Declare amounts over USD 10,000 (or foreign currency equivalent) when you arrive and depart. This includes all forms of currency, not just cash. US dollars are the easiest to exchange. Credit cards are widely accepted. 

Ask your bank in Australia if your ATM card will work and if it has an affiliate bank in Brazil, as some local machines may be unreliable.

Credit card fraud and ATM tampering are widespread. Check your bank statements for unauthorised charges. To combat fraud and theft, many ATMs may limit the amount you can withdraw per day. 

Local travel

Remote areas.

You're at risk of becoming lost or injured while trekking in remote parts of Brazil. This includes the Amazon border regions and the Pantanal wetlands.

Use an experienced guide.

Driving permit

You can drive in Brazil for up to 180 days after your arrival, as long as you carry a valid Australian driver’s licence. It is also recommended that you carry a translation of your licence. After this period, you will need to obtain a local driver’s licence.

Road travel

You're more likely to die in a motor vehicle accident in Brazil than in Australia.

Hazards on the road include:

  • aggressive driving
  • poorly maintained roads
  • large numbers of trucks and other slow vehicles on main routes

Traffic lights are often not obeyed, especially at night in larger cities. Don't assume cars will stop.

Carjacking and other vehicle-related crimes can occur. To stay safe while driving and guard against carjacking:

  • keep vehicle doors locked, windows up, and valuables out of sight, even when moving
  • make sure your GPS route isn't via a favela — if in doubt, ask your hotel or tour guide
  • be alert to threats, including when stopped in traffic
  • when stopped in traffic, including at traffic lights, be alert to threats and maintain extra distance from other cars.
  • always approach your car with the keys ready
  • don't stay in a parked vehicle

If you plan to drive:

  • check you have enough insurance
  • learn local traffic laws and practices
  • don't drink and drive – penalties are severe for driving with a blood-alcohol reading over 0%
  • guard against carjacking and other vehicle-related crimes

If you're in an accident:

  • call 193 for the fire department if there are injuries
  • call 190 for the police if there are no injuries
  • Driving or riding

Motorcycles

Check if your insurance policy covers you when using a motorbike, quad bike or similar vehicle.

Always wear a helmet.

Registered taxis, rideshares such as Uber and the metro are generally safe. To reduce your risk:

  • only use licensed taxis or rideshare booked through apps
  • find out what transport services are available at the airport before you travel; most airports have licenced taxi desks inside the baggage reclaim areas and allow payment before travel
  • follow signage or advice of authorities to official taxi services only
  • always ask if the driver will use the meter, or agree on the fare before you get in a taxi
  • ensure you enter the vehicle with the same plate number and name as shown in the app, and don't get into a taxi or rideshare if other passengers are already inside.
  • avoid using motorcycle taxis

Public transport

Brazil has a well-developed network of inter-city buses, as well as metro systems in some of the major cities such as Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo.

Travel can be risky due to poor vehicle maintenance, local driving habits and petty crime.

Be alert when using public transport, especially during busy times and at night.

Criminals often work in gangs robbing people gathered in the same place. Public transport hubs can be hotspots.

People have reported hijacking and  robbery  of tour buses in recent years.

  • Transport and getting around safely

Boat travel

International cruise liners visit Brazil.

Commercial riverboats are common in some parts. Keep your belongings close.

Tourist operators often use basic vessels for river outings in jungle areas.

You should always wear a life jacket.

Piracy happens, particularly in the north-east. Pirates have also attacked cruise ships and lodges along the Amazon River.

The International Maritime Bureau (IMB) issues  piracy reports  on its website.

  • Going on a cruise
  • Travelling by boat

Domestic and international flight delays are common. Airport strikes also occur.

Ask your travel agent if your itinerary allows for delays.

Be prepared for the possibility of extended waits at airports.

If you need to make or change airline bookings while in Brazil, ensure your payment method will be accepted.

Most major airlines, such as LATAM, Gol and Azul, accept international credit cards, although some may only accept them on their international websites. 

Travel and tour agents may also have restrictions. You may need to pay cash at the airline office or ask your Australian travel provider.

DFAT doesn't provide information on the safety of individual commercial airlines or flight paths.

Check  Brazil's air safety profile  with the Aviation Safety Network.

Emergencies

Depending on what you need, contact your:

  • family and friends
  • travel agent
  • insurance provider

Operators may not speak English.

Tourist Police who speak English are available in Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and at some major airports.

Rio de Janeiro Special Police Unit for Tourism Support Av. Afrânio de Melo Franco, 159 Leblon, Rio de Janeiro – RJ Phone: +55 21 2334 6802 or +55 21 2332 2924

São Paulo Special Police Unit for Tourism Support Rua da Cantareira, 390 Centro, São Paulo - SP Phone: +55 11 3257 4475

Always get a police report when you report a crime.

Your insurer should have a 24-hour emergency number.

Consular contacts

Read the  Consular Services Charter  for what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.

For consular help, contact the  Australian Embassy in Brasilia , the  Australian Consulate-General in São Paulo  or the  Consulate in Rio de Janeiro . The Consulate in Rio de Janeiro does not provide notarial (document legalisation) services and only provides limited services, for example, interviews for an Australian Passport.

Australian Embassy, Brasilia

SES QD 801, Conjunto K, Lote 07 Brasilia - DF, Brazil ZIP/CEP: 70200-010

Phone: +55 61 3226 3111  Email:  [email protected] , or  [email protected]   Website:  brazil.embassy.gov.au   Facebook:  Embaixada da Austrália no Brasil   X:  @EmbAusBrasil Instagram: australianobrasil

Check the Embassy website for details about opening hours and any temporary closures.

Australian Consulate-General, São Paulo

Edificio Trianon Corporate – Cerqueira Cesar Alamenda Santos 700 9th Floor, Unit 92 São Paulo - SP, Brazil ZIP/CEP: 01418-100

Phone: +55 11 2112 6200 Email:  [email protected]

Australian Honorary Consulate, Rio de Janeiro

Av. Bartolomeu Mitre, 770 Leblon, Rio de Janeiro - RJ, Brazil ZIP/CEP: 22431-003

Phone: +55 21 3824 4624 Email: [email protected]  

The Australian Consulate in Rio de Janeiro does not provide notarial (document legalisation) services and only provides limited services, for example interviews for an Australian Passport.

24-hour Consular Emergency Centre

In a consular emergency, if you can't contact an embassy, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on:

  • +61 2 6261 3305 from overseas
  • 1300 555 135 in Australia

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Home » South America » Brazil » Is São Paulo Safe for Travel? (Insider Tips)

Is São Paulo Safe for Travel? (Insider Tips)

Okay—so you’re gearing up for the trip of a lifetime to São Paulo! You’re making an excellent decision. São Paulo is the city in Brazil where things happen . Whether it’s business matters, rowdy nightlife, or just good old Brazilian fun, there is no shortage of activity in this dynamic city.

You’re excited and counting down the days (of course you are—who wouldn’t be?) but maybe you’re also a little hesitant. Brazil, and South America in general, often get a bad rap for being… sketchy. If you’re tossing and turning at night imagining yourself getting mugged in a São Paulo alleyway, we understand. That’s why this article exists!

Here’s the thing. You could travel in the safest country in the world and still come to harm if you act like an idiot. And in the opposite way, you could travel in some of the more dangerous countries and still stay safe if you’re smart about it.

São Paulo is an enormous city with tons of different neighborhoods and areas, so there’s a lot you need to know. In this article, we’re going to give you a full, comprehensive overview of everything safety-related.

By the time you’ve finished reading, you’ll be a certified São Paulo safety expert (and those nightmares of getting robbed will turn into sweet dreams of your upcoming adventures!)

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How Safe is São Paulo? (Our Take)

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Many first-time international travelers experience a sort of fearful anticipation during transit, only to arrive at their destination city and think, “Oh—this is just a normal city.” They’ll find that (shockingly) they’re not instantly surrounded by homeless knife robbers and stray dogs don’t snarl and attack them on sight. There are pharmacies, convenience stores, malls—many of the comforts of home!

man standing in front of graffiti sign in brazil

São Paulo is the same way, especially so during the day. For the most part, you’ll feel safe. Many of the locals are quite well-off (it is the business and financial hub of Brazil), and you’ll be surrounded by other travelers almost constantly.

The thing with São Paulo, though, is that it’s a gigantic city, and similar to New York, there are many different districts. The poorer ones tend to be moderate to severely unsafe, whereas the wealthier, more well-traveled areas are usually fine.

Of course, this article deals with how safe São Paul is as a whole. But here are the two most important general tips we can recommend after years of traveling around this city:

  • Always be aware of which neighborhoods are the sketchy ones, and make sure you stay out of them.
  • When in doubt, ask for advice from trusted locals (especially those working at your hostel or guesthouse). They can tell you more than any Google search.

Overall though, you needn’t be too concerned about visiting São Paulo .

Lady of Aparecida São Paulo

The first thing most people check when examining crime statistics is the homicide rate. What’s interesting (and encouraging!) about São Paulo is that, twenty years ago, the homicide rate was incredibly high, at around 33 per 100,000 .

Now, however, things have dramatically improved. The homicide rate has dropped to around 6 per 100,000 , which is about the same as in the United States. Additionally, Brazil as a whole is listed 130th in 2022’s Global Peace Index , just one place below the United States.

Again, however, location is everything when trying to determine whether São Paulo is safe to visit. In terms of violent crime, a good rule to remember is that one-third of the city’s districts are very safe, one-third are moderately safe, and one-third are significantly unsafe. We’ll get more into which specific neighborhoods to avoid in a later section, but always do your own research before you arrive.

The Brazilian Ministry of Tourism reports a steady yearly increase in international visitors. In 2022, the country welcomed 3.1 million tourists , a nearly 7% increase from the previous two years. If Brazil were so terribly unsafe, we probably wouldn’t be seeing so many visitors.

It’s no more dangerous to visit São Paulo now than it was months or years ago. In fact, given the statistics listed above, it’s never been safer!

Now, there have been some politically driven protests and riots in Brazil over the last few months. Sadly, the country is quite well-versed in political unrest, which has been a common theme for years.

Recently, the former president of Brazil, Jair Bolsonaro, lost his re-election. An ideology known as “Bolsonarismo” has arisen since then, in support of their deposed leader. In early 2023, some of the protests turned into violent riots.

Of course, nobody wants to hear about these types of things before traveling, but if you’re staying in São Paulo you should be fine. The worst of the protests were centered around Brasília, Brazil’s capital, and even those have largely died out in the months since.

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Bandeiras Monument Ibirapuera park São Paulo

  • Know the different neighborhoods – this is one of the most important tips. Avoid places like Capão Redondo, Lapa, Pari, and Campo Limpo. But do your own research before you arrive!
  • Avoid the poor districts – the poorer the district, the more unsafe it is. Stay in well-traveled areas.
  • Don’t walk alone at night – walking is sometimes the best way to see a city. But in São Paulo you’ll want to walk only during the day, or at least with a big group of people you can trust.
  • Don’t accept free rides – if someone offers you a ride, it truly could be a kidnapping attempt. Also, never hitchhike.
  • Keep your backpack in front of you – thieves have a much easier time stealing from your backpack when it’s on your back, out of your sight. You might feel like an idiot with your backpack on your stomach, but at least you’ll be a safe idiot.
  • Keep your valuables out of sight – don’t carelessly let your phone or your wallet dangle out of your hands. Keep your important stuff out of sight.
  • …But don’t keep them in your pockets – if you have deep front pockets, you should be fine. But if you wear shorts or put stuff in your back pockets, you’re inviting disaster.
  • Only carry a small amount of cash – the best way to avoid large robberies is to carry very little worth robbing!
  • Memorize the number 190 – this is the emergency police number. If something bad does happen, you’ll be relieved you can dial it quickly.
  • Always lock up your backpack – it’s easy to get lazy when it’s been weeks and nothing bad has happened. Carry small padlocks for your backpack’s zippers, and when in hostels, always put your bag in a secure locker before you head out for the day.
  • Be assertive when you need to be – scammers and thieves are drawn to uncertainty. If someone is exploiting the language barrier and trying to intimidate you into doing something you don’t want to do, stand up for yourself with authority.
  • Brush up on your Portuguese – locals who might want to take advantage of tourists won’t consider you a tourist if you can address them in their own language.
  • Don’t mess around with drugs – just don’t. Even marijuana is still penalized in Brazil, and you definitely don’t want to disappear into a São Paulo prison.
  • Don’t get too drunk at night – this should be obvious, though we know it might curb some of your fun.
  • Just don’t do anything stupid – The vast, vast majority of crimes in the world’s cities can be prevented by just having common sense and being aware of your surroundings.

Anywhere you go in the world, you’re going to have to worry about petty crimes like theft. And if you’re a confused-looking backpacker, discombobulated by your arrival into a brand new country, you are, as they say, “meat on the hoof.” To be honest, the problem isn’t too bad in São Paulo—at least, not any worse than what you’d expect in similar cities around the world.

As mentioned earlier though, in São Paulo it always helps to be conscious of where you are. In particular, the central Sé district is chock full of pickpockets. But no matter which district you’re in, just stay especially alert when you’re in large crowds or on public transportation, as these are the times when pickpockets usually have the most success.

ATMs are prevalent in São Paulo, so it’s worth mentioning that you shouldn’t do things like withdraw a bunch of money from a vacant street corner at 2 am—though that one should be obvious. You’ll be fine as long as you use common sense. If you’re really dedicated to keeping your money safe in São Paulo, consider buying a money belt.

zipline São Paulo

Here’s the thing about traveling alone: you’re never really alone.

Sorry, that sounds creepy. Here’s what we’re trying to say:

Unless you never leave your room and you spend your whole trip binge-watching movies, it’s impossible not to make friends on the road. Just stay at a Sao Paulo hostel or two for a few nights, and you’re bound to leave with lifelong friends from numerous continents. To be honest, it’s the best thing in the world, and one of the most fulfilling things about backpacking. So the question, “Is São Paulo safe to travel to alone?” is almost a trick question.

However, there will be times when you’re totally alone (heck, sometimes you’ll want to be!) and in these situations, it might be a good idea to tell your hostel or guesthouse where you’re going and when they should expect you to return—but that may not always be necessary. The bottom line is that being a solo traveler in São Paulo isn’t anything to worry too much about. BUT…

It’s just a fact that you’re always safer when you’re with friends . And so, in São Paulo, when you’re walking at night, drinking, or just exploring somewhere that’s a little more off the beaten path, it’s definitely a good idea to be part of a group. It’s just so much harder to take advantage of somebody if they’re surrounded by like-minded people who are looking out for their interests.

At the end of the day, you can get into sketchy situations anywhere. Just use the three pounds of neural tissue inside your cranium, and you’ll be dandy.

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Parque do Povo São Paulo

Many countries in the world have the unfortunate quality of being relatively safe and comfortable for men, but much more dangerous and threatening for women.

Thankfully, São Paulo is not one of them.

Socially speaking, Brazil is a modern country, and women possess the exact same rights as men. You won’t be thrown in prison for accidentally baring an ankle, and you won’t be constantly catcalled as you walk down the street. However, it’s always important to err on the side of caution. It’s indisputable that by and large, women are (unfortunately) more vulnerable to crimes like assault and robbery than men.

So if you’re a woman planning a solo visit São Paulo, follow the same guidelines listed in the previous section and you shouldn’t experience any real problems. You’ll need to stay alert, but you shouldn’t have to take any outlandish precautions simply because you’re a woman.

As we already said (and will say many more times throughout this article) just use common sense.

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São Paulo farm

In the same way that São Paulo poses no special threats toward women, it poses no special threats toward families either.

One thing to keep in mind is that, in many aspects, tourist life in São Paulo is tailored toward backpackers. There’s a vibrant nightlife scene, plenty of bars and clubs, and so many travelers visit to experience this side of life. So if, for example, you’re worried about your kids wandering off and getting lost in rambunctious crowds, you might be hesitant. The good news is that, since São Paulo is such a huge city, there are some notable neighborhoods that are both safe and enjoyable for families.

In particular, Chácara Flora, Morumbi, and Alphaville are clean, secure, and a bit less chaotic than the city center. For both safety and personal convenience, we recommend spending time in these types of neighborhoods if you’re visiting São Paulo as a family.

highway São Paulo

Not to be a buzzkill, but you’ll probably want to stay off the road in São Paulo. Here are the two reasons why:

  • The roads are crazy. It depends on the time of day, but whether you’re in a car or on a motorbike, you can expect a cacophony of horns, reckless drivers, and some unfamiliar road rules. You’ll need an International Drivers Permit if you want to drive legally, and this is for good reason: the roads are wild. You’ll also be at risk for roadside robberies if you’re in standstill traffic cranking music with the windows down (and is there anything else to do during a traffic jam?)
  • Secondly, it’s just not all that convenient. If you have the misfortune of getting caught in rush hour traffic, your “night out with the girls” plan might get pushed back by a solid three hours. In general, driving in São Paulo is stressful and inefficient.

At the end of the day, the choice is yours. The traffic fatality rate is around 10-20 per 100,000 people, which isn’t much worse than the rate in the United States. So if you’re a very experienced driver and you want to give it a shot, go for it.

Is it Safe to Cycle in São Paulo?

Riding a bicycle can be an excellent method of getting around in São Paulo. And if you do it the right way, it’s pretty safe too.

Here’s what not to do: don’t cycle on the main roads. Drivers in São Paulo can be crazy and reckless, and they’re not always likely to give you, a lowly cycler, the time of day. But São Paulo has around 250 miles of bicycle paths. Stay on these and you’ll be safe for the most part, as you’ll be most closely surrounded by other cyclists and pedestrians.

Here are some other bonuses: these bike paths can allow you to circumvent the worst of São Paulo’s traffic jams, and even some metros allow you to bring your bicycle on board if you need to get somewhere far away.

For recreational cyclists, some of São Paulo’s best routes are below:

  • Maua Maluco
  • Volta do Frango
  • Estrada Velha Campinas
  • Pelotão do Jóquei

…and many, many more. These routes are scenic, diverse, and most importantly—SAFE!

Is Uber Safe in São Paulo?

For the most part, São Paulo is a normal, modern city. As such, Uber can be a nice way to get around, as long as you’re aware of the inconveniences of rush hour traffic.

Uber in São Paulo is generally safe. As long as you hold to the normal precautions, like checking the license plate number and making sure your driver is verified and has completed past trips, you should have nothing to worry about.

Of course, there are a few bad apples everywhere. If at any point your driver makes you uncomfortable or nervous, don’t hesitate to tell them to pull over, and just exit the vehicle. It’s always better to be safe than sorry, even if it makes you feel like a paranoid loser.

And definitely don’t expect your driver to speak English—we recommend you brush up on either your Portuguese or your pantomime game.

Taxis São Paulo

As it is with Ubers, so it is with taxis. They’re no more dangerous in São Paulo than they are anywhere else.

Here are some standard precautions you can take to avoid the occasional scammers:

  • Insist they use the meter. If they refuse, take another cab.
  • Make sure the meter is working properly; if your fee is increasing way too quickly, something might be afoot.
  • When leaving the airport, go with the most official-looking taxi company.

And as always, if your driver makes you nervous for whatever reason, ask them to stop, and just get out. There’s no shortage of taxis in São Paulo, and if one driver charges too much or seems a little creepy, there are always countless other honest drivers at the ready who would be delighted to take you.

Sao Paulo Train

Both ex-pats and locals alike use public transportation as their preferred method of travel. The metro is by far the most efficient, as it’s not beholden to any road traffic. Both the metro and bus systems are relatively safe, but there are a few things you definitely need to keep in mind as you travel.

  • In the above section, we talked about how pickpockets prefer crowds. Well, it just so happens that the metros and buses are often the most crowded places in the entire city. Pickpockets will bump into you “accidentally,” steal your wallet or phone, hop off the bus or metro, and you’ll be left rocketing off to your next stop totally oblivious.
  • If you’re traveling late at night, stay extra alert at quiet bus stops and metro stations. Kidnappers and thieves alike know to hover around these places, as buses will often dump one or two passengers out into the night and drive away, unwittingly depositing a ripe target in a cloud of black exhaust fumes. Either don’t travel at night or always stay with a group.
  • If you really want to feel safe, you’ll probably want to stick with Uber or taxis. Of course, those come with their own risks, but in general, there are fewer variables in terms of things that could go wrong.

Key takeaways: keep your personal belongings close and travel only during the day or with a big group, and you needn’t be too concerned about public transportation in São Paulo. A good rule is to watch the locals and see how they behave. Are they walking quickly? Are they looking around nervously? See what they do, and do likewise.

Market place São Paulo

Asking, “Is the food in São Paulo safe?” is like asking, “Do the pyramids in Egypt smell good?” In other words, it’s to miss the point entirely. Not only is the food safe—it’s utterly delicious!

The cuisine is one of the most amazing things about visiting São Paulo. Besides the local Brazilian fare, it’s safe to say you’ll find the best Asian, European, and African food here as well. There’s a huge amount of fine dining restaurants, and no shortage of dirt-cheap street food stalls as well. Fried, grilled, seared, vegan—you name it, São Paulo has it.

Now, of course, there is a mandatory safety warning. And it’s kind of important. Two things you’ll want to consider are:

  • No matter where you go, there is a risk of food poisoning. It’s not likely, but when possible, avoid meat that looks undercooked and spit-out food that tastes spoiled. If you do get food poisoning, there’s really no other option at first but to let it run its course. But if you continue to worsen, check yourself into a hospital.
  • Health standards vary tremendously throughout the city, and the unfortunate truth is that healthy food is usually more expensive than unhealthy food. A diet of pure street food will undoubtedly take a toll on your body. Make a point to avoid constant deep-fried and sugary foods, and you’ll be in a good spot.

But yeah—in terms of your own enjoyment, you really can’t go wrong with the food here. Don’t be paranoid, just be smart, and your taste buds will thank you.

It depends on what kind of water you’re talking about.

Bottled water? Heck yeah! Tap water? Hell no.

In many cities around the world, locals are adjusted to the tap water after years of drinking it, and only foreigners have a problem with it. In São Paulo though, even many locals have filters installed in their taps to make the water more palatable. So yeah, if you were wondering about tap water, the answer is a resounding no.

What you should do is drink bottled water only, or get yourself one of these bad boys:

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Sunset Square São Paulo

São Paulo is an excellent place to live, especially if you’re a digital nomad . Internet cafés abound, and since the city is the center of business in Brazil, you’ll be surrounded by like-minded people.

As long as you follow the tips laid out in this article, living in São Paulo isn’t any more sketchy than traveling through it. You’ll definitely want to find an apartment in a good neighborhood like Morumbi, Chácara Flora, Santa Cecília, or Brooklyn Novo. Avoid neighborhoods like Capão Redondo, Lapa, Pari, and Campo Limpo.

The visa process can be a little confusing, but once you’re settled, life in the right São Paulo neighborhood can be cheap and quite charming!

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Healthcare in São Paulo is really bad. It’s also really good! How is that possible?

Brazil is one of the many countries that offer totally free healthcare for residents. But as you probably know, when something sounds too good to be true, it usually is. What’s the trade-off here?

The public healthcare system is a little… backward. The technology in the hospitals is usually outdated, there’s a severe language barrier, and the overall quality of care is lacking. Most ex-pats who live here decide to pay for health insurance and use private care.

That being said, if you need a few stitches or if you have a minor case of food poisoning, a public hospital should do the job just fine. Anything more major, however, and you’ll probably want to be a bit safer and pay the extra premiums at a high-quality private facility.

paragliding São Paulo

São Paulo is a charmingly chaotic city with so much going for it. Though it has earned itself a bad reputation for safety in the past, the statistics undeniably show significant improvements throughout the last few decades.

By and large, you have nothing crazy to worry about. As we mentioned in the beginning, the most important things you can do are be aware of which neighborhoods are safe (and which aren’t!) and when in doubt, ask trusted locals for advice.

With a little bit of common sense, you’ll have a heck of a trip.

sao paulo travel advisory

And for transparency’s sake, please know that some of the links in our content are affiliate links . That means that if you book your accommodation, buy your gear, or sort your insurance through our link, we earn a small commission (at no extra cost to you). That said, we only link to the gear we trust and never recommend services we don’t believe are up to scratch. Again, thank you!

Claire Sturzaker

Claire Sturzaker

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sao paulo travel advisory

How to Stay Safe in Brazil

Brazil travel advice and common scams to avoid.

While Brazil, like many other developing countries, has a bad rap of sorts, this shouldn’t dissuade you from visiting and admiring the stunning natural beauty and cultural offerings of the largest country in South America. Your government’s travel advisories may point out some obvious crimes and scams around, usually focusing on large cities like São Paulo or Rio de Janeiro. But, with common sense and good judgment, you can safely have a Brazilian experience of a lifetime.

Whichever popular tourist destination you visit on the planet, there’s always a chance of encountering cunning people who are looking to make easy money and take advantage of uninformed travelers. The best defense is to avoid making yourself an easy target. To help you, we’ve gathered some pointers on how to stay safe in Brazil. We hope this basic Brazil travel advice and list of common scams to avoid will help you make more informed decisions and get the best out of your trip.

Lock up your valuables

From prying eyes and greedy hands.

sao paulo travel advisory

A wallet lifted. A bag filched. It can happen anywhere, from the soothing sands of Copacabana and the heart of the festive Rio Carnival crowds to the middle of a busy street in broad daylight. To stay safe, a good rule of thumb is to leave the bulk of your cash, your passport and important documents locked up in your hotel room’s safe. It’s also good to make and have copies of your docs and carry only enough Brazilian reals for your day out.

Don't flaunt it

Dress like a local.

sao paulo travel advisory

If you dress like a foreigner – especially like a typical tourist, flaunting a camera and such – chances are you’ll draw unsolicited attention. The rule of thumb here is to try blend in with the locals by simply dressing like one. Wear minimum jewelry and accessories, such as watches, handbags, smartphones and visible earphones. Bustling areas full of locals and visitors are common hunting grounds for prying eyes and sticky fingers. Ideally, carry nothing to the beach but your towel, sunscreen, and enough change for a caipirinha or 2.

sao paulo travel advisory

10 Best Cultural Things to Do in Sao Paulo

sao paulo travel advisory

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sao paulo travel advisory

9 Amazing Daytrips Near Sao Paulo

Watch where you withdraw, recount your cash.

sao paulo travel advisory

When you really need to exchange some of your home currency into Brazilian real, do so at designated exchange booths at the airport or inside a bank. Rates can usually be disappointing, so change just a small amount for transportation and change. Always count your money, before and after. When withdrawing from ATMs, use the ones at banks and avoid those in subway stations and in public areas as rigging and card skimming is common. Credit cards are widely accepted, but it’s best to stick to cash to save you from any worries of identity theft, double swipes, and card cloning.

Buy tickets online for sightseeing tours and concerts

Get real tickets from official sites.

sao paulo travel advisory

One thing that the whole world learnt from the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Rio was that fake tickets can be convincing and virtually indistinguishable from the real thing. Buying tickets online from ads and third parties always comes with high levels of risk. You might not receive anything after your transaction or get counterfeits if you do. The safest way is to buy soccer, concert, or show tickets through the official sites. They typically explain the time of delivery, handling of refunds in the event of reschedules or cancellations, as well as specific seat numbers.

Book taxis directly from your hotel, restaurants or apps

Hitch a ride in brazil, wisely.

sao paulo travel advisory

Rather than hailing a free-roaming taxi on the street, a safe and easy way to get around in Brazil is by asking for one to be called for you by your hotel concierge or restaurant’s reception desk. Ride-hailing apps are increasingly the most convenient way to go about finding a taxi in Brazil. These range from Uber to 99 Taxis and Easy Taxi and they cover most Brazilian cities. You only need to install the app on your smartphone and register an account. Their GPS assisted maps and the cash or online payment options make riding in Brazil a breeze.

photo by mariordo59 ( CC BY-SA 2.0 ) modified

Keep hydrated, safely

Drink bottled water.

sao paulo travel advisory

Brazil has the world’s largest freshwater supply and tap water in large Brazilian cities like Rio and São Paulo is treated and generally safe to drink. However, it’s good to be on the safe side by drinking bottled water instead. Among the many different brands are Brazil’s own Bonafont, Petrópolis, and São Lourenço, which are each around 1.50 real per bottle.

Drink wisely

Watch your cup or glass.

sao paulo travel advisory

Brazil is a relaxed country when it comes to booze. You can buy beer, wine, and liquor any day of the week from convenient stores or shops, and you can drink freely in public places. However, it’s always best to know the ingredients of your cocktail and only order mixed drinks from reputable venues. You can samba hard with a glass in your hand but try to maintain a good level of soberness and keep a watchful eye on your glass, so nothing gets slipped into it.

Avoid dark and deserted areas

It’s best to stick to the crowds.

sao paulo travel advisory

When night falls, try to avoid walking down empty streets, through dimly lit parks, or along isolated beaches outside the main city strips. Also, you’ll often find the central business districts to be virtually deserted over the weekends. Petty crimes can happen in broad daylight and in the middle of a crowd, but it’s far safer than roaming through deserted places, especially after dark. On another note, street protests and strikes commonly take place in the cities. Stay informed – ask your hotel concierge beforehand to insure you have an undisturbed stay.

Visit a favela in a group, with a reputable local guide

Explore rio’s shanty towns safely.

sao paulo travel advisory

Favelas in Rio mostly still have a bad rap, but there are some that have embraced tourism, realizing that it can greatly help to alleviate poverty and support local businesses. Friendly local tour guides who were born and raised in favelas like Rocinha and Vila Canoas know their home neighborhoods like the backs of their hands. They can give you a closer look at life in Rio’s slums, with interesting insights. Good ones often affiliate with larger organizations, giving some of their profits back to local charities. If you wish to visit one, it’s best to do careful research and plan to go as a group.

photo by chensiyuan ( CC BY-SA 4.0 ) modified

Get travel insurance

Are you covered yet.

sao paulo travel advisory

Sure, you could take a gamble on your entire trip Brazil running perfectly smooth, but it’s generally good practice to get insurance when traveling to any corner of the globe. You don’t want to end up seeking help through Facebook or GoFundMe after some mishap occurs. When researching travel insurance policies, be sure to check that they cover the basics, including theft and loss of valuables as well as comprehensive medical support.

This article includes opinions of the Go Guides editorial team. Hotels.com compensates authors for their writing appearing on this site; such compensation may include travel and other costs.

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Tips on Sao Paulo Warnings or Dangers – Stay Safe!

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Sao Paulo Warnings and Dangers 

Sao Paulo is home to over 12 million people, and is the financial heartbeat of Brazil. Tourists are welcome, but they must be prepared to navigate the dangers of city before they arrive.

As in any city with millions of residents, crime is inevitable. When looking for a hotel, consult a travel agent and ask if the area is safe. Most neighborhoods are fine, but a few are hotbeds of drugs, prostitution, and violence, and should be avoided. While in the city, lock your passport and valuable belongings in a hotel safe or your luggage. Always keep an eye on your purse and wallet, and never leave anything unattended in a public place. The local police are a constant presence and they’ll protect you while you’re downtown, especially on the main streets. Don’t venture off into unknown neighborhoods. While violence against tourists is rare, it’s still possible if you stray too far from the city center.

Sao Paulo is a lively city. Traffic is always busy, so bring your patience. If you’re brave enough to rent a car, drive with caution. The locals are aggressive and they won’t wait for you to become familiar with the city. Public transportation is fairly easy to navigate, or you can take a cab, if you can afford the fares.

Travelers to Sao Paulo are often drawn by the nearby caves. While beautiful and a fun excursion for those who want an adventure, they can also be treacherous. More than a few tourists have fallen to their deaths in the caves. The best way to explore them is with a guide. Even the most experienced, well-equipped spelunkers find the caves challenging, so don’t take any chances.

Editor’s Note: The information contained on this page was compiled using real traveler reviews about warnings and dangers in Sao Paulo. 

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  • Section 10 - Tanzania & Zanzibar
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CDC Yellow Book 2024

Author(s): Alexandre Macedo de Oliveira

Destination Overview

Infectious disease risks, environmental hazards & risks, safety & security, availability & quality of medical care.

At nearly 3.3 million square miles in size, Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world and the largest country in South America, occupying nearly half the land area of the continent. With >210 million people, Brazil is home to the world’s largest Portuguese-speaking population. The world’s eighth largest economy, Brazil is classified as an upper-middle-income country. Nearly 85% of Brazilians live in urban areas.

Brazil is the most popular tourist destination in South America, and the second most popular in all Latin America. In 2018, >6 million international visitors traveled to Brazil; the country hosted the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World Cup in 2014 and the Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in 2016. Rio de Janeiro, Brazil’s second-largest city (population >7 million) and most frequently visited tourist destination, is famous for its beaches, landmarks, and annual Carnival festivities. São Paulo, one of the world’s largest cities with >21 million people in the greater metropolitan area, is the economic center of Brazil and the most visited destination for business travel. Brazilian people prize many of their major cities, including Florianópolis, Fortaleza, Manaus, Recife, and Salvador, for their coastlines and regional culture.

The country also boasts multiple UNESCO World Heritage sites, including Iguaçu National Park in Paraná, home to the largest waterfalls in the Americas; the historic towns of Olinda (Pernambuco), Ouro Preto (Minas Gerais), Salvador (Bahia), and São Luis (Maranhão); the modern capital of Brasília; and natural areas of the Amazon Forest and the Pantanal Conservation Area, which extends from one state (Mato Grosso do Sul) into another (Mato Grosso) and into portions of two countries (Bolivia and Paraguay). The Atlantic forests and the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha in the Atlantic Ocean are World Heritage sites (see Map 10-06 ).

The Amazon Forest, large portions of which extend into the countries that neighbor Brazil, attracts travelers in search of exotic adventures. The region presents unique risks, and careful planning and attention to travelers’ health needs before, during, and after the trip is critical. Because mosquito-borne diseases (chikungunya, dengue, malaria, yellow fever, and Zika) are endemic throughout the Amazon, advise travelers to complete all relevant vaccinations and provide them with detailed instruction on the proper use of chemoprophylaxis and mosquito avoidance. The hot and humid climate throughout the forest increases the risks for dehydration and heat stroke; travelers should practice extreme caution and, whenever possible, resist the temptation to consume potentially unsafe food and beverages.

Map 10-06 Brazil

Map 10-06 Brazil

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Travelers to Brazil should be up to date on routine vaccines, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), influenza, measles-mumps-rubella (MMR), and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis. Hepatitis A vaccination also is recommended. Consider hepatitis B vaccination for most travelers, but especially for anyone who could be exposed to blood or other body fluids (e.g., through medical services, sexual contact, tattooing).

Enteric Infections & Diseases

Travelers’ diarrhea.

Travelers should take food and water precautions throughout Brazil, including in the big cities (see Sec. 2, Ch. 8, Food & Water Precautions ). Travelers’ diarrhea (TD) is the most common travel-related ailment, and visitors consuming raw fruits and vegetables, unpasteurized dairy products, and food from street vendors increase their risk for foodborne infections. Oral rehydration salts are available from public health clinics and in almost all pharmacies in Brazil. For further information about travelers’ diarrhea, see Sec. 2, Ch. 6, Travelers’ Diarrhea .

Typhoid Fever

Consider vaccinating “adventurous eaters” against typhoid, along with travelers who stay with friends or relatives or who visit smaller cities, villages, or rural areas (see Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 24, Typhoid & Paratyphoid Fever ).

Respiratory Infections & Diseases

Coronavirus disease 2019.

All travelers going to Brazil should be up to date with their COVID-19 vaccines .

Endemic Fungi

A variety of fungi (e.g., Paracoccidioides in the south and southeast) are endemic to Brazil. Inhaling the spores of fungi typically present in the soil (e.g., Coccidioides , Cryptococcus neoformans , Histoplasma , P aracoccidioides ) can cause respiratory illness and occasionally more severe disease (e.g., meningitis, bone infections). For more details, see Sec. 5, Part 4, Ch. 1, Coccidioidomycosis / Valley Fever , and Sec. 5, Part 4, Ch. 2, Histoplasmosis . Travelers should beware of bat guano in caves and use caution before disturbing soil, particularly if contaminated by bat or bird feces.

Peak influenza circulation occurs during April–September in most of Brazil but can occur throughout the year in tropical areas. The influenza vaccine recommended for use in the Northern Hemisphere each year confers protection against the virus strains circulating in the Southern Hemisphere that same year. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends seasonal influenza vaccination ≥2 weeks before travel, and pneumococcal vaccination for people ≥65 years of age, and for younger adults and children with chronic medical conditions.

Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) is prevalent in Brazil, but short-term travelers are not considered to be at high risk for infection unless visiting specific crowded environments. Before they leave the United States, consider TB testing for travelers who anticipate prolonged exposure to people known to have, or at high risk for having, TB (e.g., people in clinics, hospitals, prisons, homeless shelters). For more detailed information, see Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 22, Tuberculosis , and Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 23, . . . perspectives: Testing Travelers for Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection.

Sexually Transmitted Infections & HIV

The HIV infection rate in Brazil is 0.5% among adults aged 15–49 years, comparable to other countries in South America. Discuss options for preexposure prophylaxis with travelers at greater risk for acquiring HIV infection (see www.cdc.gov/hiv/prep, and Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 11, Human Immunodeficiency Virus / HIV ). In Brazil, people who use drugs, men who have sex with men, and female sex workers are more likely than the general population to be infected with HIV.

In Brazil, condoms are available free of charge in public health clinics, tourist service centers, and other distribution points in many cities. Male condoms are also available throughout Brazil in pharmacies, convenience stores, and supermarkets; female condoms are available in some locations.

Soil- & Waterborne Infections

Leptospirosis.

In urban areas of Brazil, outbreaks of leptospirosis have occurred after heavy flooding (see Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 10, Leptospirosis ). Travelers who have contact with standing water or mud after heavy rainfall are at increased risk. Advise travelers to avoid entering bodies of freshwater potentially contaminated with animals’ body fluids.

Schistosomiasis

Schistosoma spp. are parasites found in freshwater lakes and rivers in many states of Brazil, especially in the northeast. Advise travelers to avoid bathing, swimming, or wading in fresh, unchlorinated water, where they could contract schistosomiasis (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 20, Schistosomiasis ). Bathing or swimming in saltwater is not a source of infection.

Vectorborne Diseases

Vectorborne diseases (bacterial, viral, parasitic) are present in many areas of Brazil; these infections are among the leading causes of febrile illness in travelers returning from South America.

Chikungunya & Dengue

Risk for chikungunya and dengue infection is increased in many large Brazilian cities due to large populations of Aedes mosquitoes, which transmit these viruses (see Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 2, Chikungunya , and Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 4, Dengue ). During 2000–2015, cases of dengue surged throughout Brazil, with epidemics reported in large cities, including Rio de Janeiro and Salvador. Preliminary data show that in 2019, Brazil recorded ≈132,000 cases of chikungunya and ≈1.5 million probable cases of dengue. Travelers to Brazil should take measures to protect themselves from mosquito bites (see Sec. 4, Ch. 6, Mosquitoes, Ticks & Other Arthropods ).

Leishmaniasis

Cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis occur in Brazil and are most common in the Amazon and northeast regions (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 14, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis , and Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 15, Visceral Leishmaniasis ). The risk for transmission is greatest from dusk to dawn because the sand fly vector typically feeds (bites) at night and during twilight hours. Ecotourists and adventure travelers might be at increased risk, but even short-term travelers in endemic areas have developed leishmaniasis. Travelers should take measures to avoid insect bites (see Sec. 4, Ch. 6, Mosquitoes, Ticks & Other Arthropods ).

Lymphatic Filariasis

Brazil is actively participating in the global program to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF); LF is considered endemic to only 4 cities in Brazil, all located in the Recife Metropolitan Region (northeastern coast) of the country. As of 2020, all regions had achieved the targets set by the World Health Organization (WHO) to stop annual treatment, suggesting low likelihood of ongoing disease transmission and minimal risk to travelers. Brazil is still working to achieve all targets demonstrating elimination of LF as a public health problem (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 9, Lymphatic Filariasis , and the WHO website .

Almost all malaria in Brazil occurs in the Amazon Basin, although less competent malaria vector species are present in other parts of the country. Plasmodium vivax is the main malaria species; only ≈10%–20% of malaria cases are caused by P. falciparum . CDC recommends chemoprophylaxis for travelers going to malaria-endemic areas of Brazil (see Sec. 2, Ch. 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine & Malaria Prevention Information, by Country ;  Map 2-04 ; and the CDC Malaria webpage. No malaria transmission occurs in the cities of Brasília (the capital), Rio de Janeiro, or São Paolo, or at Iguaçu Falls.

Map 2-04 Malaria prevention in Brazil

Map 2-04 Malaria prevention in Brazil

Rickettsial Diseases

Tickborne rickettsial diseases in Brazil include febre maculosa and Brazilian spotted fever, which are caused by etiologic agents from the same genus (Rickettsia) that causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever in the United States (see Sec. 5, Part 1, Ch. 18, Rickettsial Diseases ). Travelers should take precautions (e.g., wearing appropriate clothing, applying insect repellants on clothes and skin) to avoid tick bites both indoors and outdoors (see Sec. 4, Ch. 6, Mosquitoes, Ticks & Other Arthropods ).

Trypanosomiasis

Except in the north of the country where cases continue to rise, most states in Brazil have eliminated Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis) through improved housing conditions and insecticide spraying for the vector. Although the risk is extremely low, travelers and ecotourists staying in poor-quality housing, especially in the Amazon region, might be at greater risk for this disease.

Outbreaks have been associated with consuming food or beverages containing açaí, an Amazonian fruit eaten throughout Brazil, and sugar cane juice ( caldo de cana ). Oral transmission occurs when people consume food or beverages contaminated with triatomines—the bloodsucking insects that transmit the etiologic agent of Chagas disease ( Trypanosoma cruzi )—or their feces (see Sec. 5, Part 3, Ch. 25, American Trypanosomiasis / Chagas Disease ).

Yellow Fever

Mosquitoes that transmit yellow fever virus can be found throughout the Amazon Basin and in forested regions along all major river basins in Brazil, including Iguaçu Falls and as far south as Rio Grande do Sul. During 2016–2017, outbreaks of sylvatic yellow fever extended to the southeastern coast of Brazil, including the cities of Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo, areas with historically low risk for transmission. Several unvaccinated travelers visiting these areas became ill with the disease, and some died.

Evidence of an expanded range of yellow fever transmission in Brazil led WHO and CDC to broaden their vaccination coverage recommendations for the country in 2017. Although Brazil does not require proof of vaccination against yellow fever for entry into the country, CDC recommends yellow fever vaccination for all travelers aged ≥9 months going to areas with risk for transmission. Updated information on areas of risk can be found on the CDC Travelers’ Health website; see Sec. 2, Ch. 5, Yellow Fever Vaccine & Malaria Prevention Information, by Country .

People planning travel to other countries in South America (e.g., Colombia) could be required to show proof of yellow fever vaccination at airline counters before exiting Brazil.

Map 2-03 Yellow fever vaccine recommendations for Brazil & neighboring countries

Map 2-03 Yellow fever vaccine recommendations for Brazil & neighboring countries

Zika virus is an arbovirus (genus Flavivirus ) transmitted mainly by mosquitoes, typically, although not exclusively, Aedes aegypti . Zika virus also can be sexually transmitted and transmitted during pregnancy to a fetus. First reported in Brazil in 2015, Zika was likely introduced to the country 2 years prior. A large Zika outbreak occurred in 2016, and >215,000 probable cases were reported. By 2019, the number of cases had dropped to 10,000.

Most Zika infections are asymptomatic and, when present, symptoms are mild. Commonly reported signs and symptoms include arthralgia, conjunctivitis, fever, and maculopapular rash; Guillain-Barré syndrome and encephalopathy have also been reported (see Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 27, Zika ).

Vertical transmission leads to congenital Zika virus infection; sequelae can include microcephaly with central nervous system anomalies, other serious neurologic consequences, and fetal loss. Because of the risk for birth defects in infants born to people infected with Zika during pregnancy, CDC encourages a pretravel discussion of risks with anyone who is pregnant or trying to become pregnant. Zika travel information is available at the CDC Travelers’ Health website.

Animal Bites

Overall, the risk for rabies infection in Brazil is very low. Preexposure rabies vaccination is recommended for travelers with extended itineraries, particularly children, and people planning trips to rural areas (see Sec. 5, Part 2, Ch. 18, Rabies ). For shorter stays, preexposure rabies vaccination is recommended for adventure travelers, those who might be occupationally exposed to animals, and people staying in locations >24 hours away from access to rabies immune globulin (e.g., the Amazon Forest).

Poisonous snakes are a hazard in many places in Brazil, although deaths from snake bites are rare (see Sec. 4, Ch. 7, Zoonotic Exposures: Bites, Stings, Scratches & Other Hazards ). Counsel travelers to seek immediate medical attention any time a bite wound breaks the skin, or if a snake sprays venom into their eyes. In some areas of the country, specific antivenoms are available, and being able to identify the snake species (or taking a picture) might prove critical to delivery of optimal medical care. The national toll-free number for intoxication and poisoning assistance is 0800-722-6001 (in Portuguese only).

Climate & Sun Exposure

Ensure travelers to Brazil are familiar with climatic conditions at their destinations before they go. Except in the south, where temperatures peak at 85°F (30°C), temperatures >104°F (40°C) are common in cities along the coast and in the Amazon region during October–March (see Sec. 4, Ch. 2, Extremes of Temperature ).

Travel in Brazil is generally safe, although crime remains a problem in urban areas and has spread to rural areas. The incidence of crime against tourists is greater in areas surrounding beaches, hotels, nightclubs, and other tourist destinations (see Sec. 4, Ch. 11, Safety & Security Overseas ). Drug-related violence has resulted in clashes with police in tourist areas. Several Brazilian cities have established specialized police units that patrol areas frequented by tourists and provide assistance to crime victims.

Political Unrest

Political demonstrations might disrupt public and private transportation. Encourage travelers to register with the US Department of State’s Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) to receive advisories and alerts for areas they plan to visit.

Prostitution

Although commercial sex work is legal in Brazil, operating a brothel and financial exploitation of sex workers are both against the law.

Traffic-Related Injuries

As in many foreign countries, motor vehicle accidents in Brazil are a leading cause of injury and death among US travelers (see Sec. 8, Ch. 5, Road & Traffic Safety ). Road conditions in Brazil differ significantly from those in the United States, and driving at night can be dangerous. The national toll-free number for emergency roadside assistance (193) is in Portuguese only. Driving after drinking alcohol, even small quantities, is illegal, and travelers can expect police checkpoints during evenings and nights in many urban areas. Seatbelt use is mandatory, and motorcyclists are required by law to wear helmets.

Children aged ≤10 years must be seated in the back seat. Brazilian federal law requires infants ≤1 year of age to use rear-facing car seats, children 1–4 years of age to use forward-facing car seats, and children 4–7.5 years of age to use booster seats. Anyone traveling with small children should bring their own car or booster seats, in the event these are limited or unavailable.

Quality health care is available in most sizable Brazilian cities. Brazilian public health services are free, even for visitors. Foreign visitors can seek treatment in the emergency care network of Brazil’s public health system, known as the Unified Health System, or by its Portuguese acronym, SUS, or through private facilities. A non-comprehensive list of private medical services can be found on the US Embassy in Brazil website. The toll-free emergency number for ambulance services throughout Brazil is 192. The Brazilian Ministry of Health provides information in Portuguese for international visitors , including a list of reference hospitals for mass gathering events in Brazil.

Medical Tourism

Brazil has a growing number of private clinics that cater to international clientele and offer medical procedures using advanced technologies. Travel to Brazil for cosmetic surgery, assisted reproductive technology, or other elective medical procedures has increased in recent years, becoming a major part of the medical industry. Although the quality of care overall can vary widely, Brazil has many cosmetic surgery facilities on par with those found in the United States. Travelers seeking cosmetic surgery or other elective procedures should do their research and make sure that emergency medical services are available at their clinic of choice (see Sec. 6, Ch. 4, Medical Tourism ).

The following authors contributed to the previous version of this chapter: Joanna Gaines, Ana Carolina Faria e Silva Santelli

Bibliography

Hamer DH, Angelo K, Caumes E, van Genderen PJJ, Florescu SA, Popescu CP, et al. Fatal yellow fever in travelers to Brazil, 2018. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2018;67(11):340–1.

Malaria Atlas Project. Country profile: Brazil. Available from: https://malariaatlas.org/trends/country/BRA .

Melo CFCAE, Vasconcelos PFDC, Alcantara LCJ, Araujo WN. The obscurance of the greatest sylvatic yellow fever epidemic and the cooperation of the Pan American Health Organization during the COVID-19 pandemic. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop. 2020;53:e20200787.

Ministry of Health. Epidemiological bulletin: special issue. Chagas disease World Day, 14 April; year 2 [in Portuguese]. Brasilia: The Ministry; 2021. Available from: www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/boletins/boletins-epidemiologicos/especiais/2021/boletim_especial_chagas_14abr21_b.pdf .

Ministry of Health. Ministry of Health. Epidemiological bulletin 41. Monitoring of cases of urban arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti (dengue, chikungunya and Zika), epidemiological weeks 01 to 52 [in Portuguese]. Brasilia: The Ministry; 2020. Available from: www.gov.br/saude/pt-br/centrais-de-conteudo/publicacoes/boletins/boletins-epidemiologicos/edicoes/2020/boletim_epidemiologico_svs_41.pdf .

 Nobrega AA, Garcia MH, Tatto E, Obara MT, Costa E, Sobel J, et al. Oral transmission of Chagas disease by consumption of acai palm fruit, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis. 2009;15(4):653–5.

Petersen E, Wilson ME, Touch S, McCloskey B, Mwaba P, Bates M, et al. Rapid spread of Zika virus in the Americas—implications for public health preparedness for mass gatherings at the 2016 Brazil Olympic Games. Int J Infect Dis. 2016;44:11–5.

Possas C, Lourenço-de-Oliveira R, Tauil PL, Pinheiro FP, Pissinatti A, Cunha RVD, et al. Yellow fever outbreak in Brazil: the puzzle of rapid viral spread and challenges for immunisation. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2018;113(10):e180278.

Sabino EC, Buss LF, Carvalho MPS, Prete CA Jr, Crispim MAE, Fraiji NA, et al. Resurgence of COVID-19 in Manaus, Brazil, despite high seroprevalence. Lancet. 2021;397(10273):452–5.

Silva MMO, Tauro LB, Kikuti M, Anjos RO, Santos VC, Gonçalves TSF, et al. Concomitant transmission of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses in Brazil: clinical and epidemiological findings from surveillance for acute febrile illness. Clin Infect Dis. 2019;69(8):1353–9.

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Is Sao Paulo Safe? Crime Rates & Safety Report

Sao Paulo, Brazil

Brazil : Safety by City

  • Belo Horizonte
  • Florianopolis
  • Porto Alegre
  • Rio de Janeiro

São Paulo, the largest city in Brazil has a city population of 11 million and even more than 20 million in the metropolitan region.

Many immigrants used to be attracted to this incredible city, so it is one of the most diverse cities in the world.

Sao Paulo is the capital of rich people, nightlife and culture.

Although tourists who visit Brazil often prefer the beaches of Salvador de Bahia or Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo is surely a great tourist destination with its museums, restaurants or jovial nightlife.

Some of the must-see sights of Sao Paulo are the Neo-Byzantine Catedral de Sé, the Municipal Market and São Paulo Museum of Art.

  • Warnings & Dangers in Sao Paulo

OVERALL RISK: MEDIUM

If you take into consideration all the possible dangers in Sao Paulo, it is an averagely safe city. As in any other city, some unsafe parts should be avoided, particularly at night.

TRANSPORT & TAXIS RISK: MEDIUM

Public transport in Sao Paulo can be considered unsafe. While the metro and buses are believed to be generally safe, buses and bus stops are risky, mainly at night.

PICKPOCKETS RISK: MEDIUM

Areas around Praca de Sé, the metro and bus, and train stations, as well as crowded zones, are the main locations of the pickpockets. Thieves also operate in markets and hotels. Caution is compulsory when traveling at night through rural areas since a few precautions will minimize the chance of being pickpocketed.

NATURAL DISASTERS RISK: MEDIUM

Some natural disasters, like the flooding caused by the heavy rainfall, which affects the mud to rush down the mountains and destroy the towns by knocking down houses are possible in Sao Paulo.

MUGGING RISK: HIGH

Mugging and kidnapping are very common in Sao Paulo particularly in urban areas where tourists are forced to take their money from ATMs and give it to the kidnappers to be released. The best solution to avoid the risk of being kidnapped during the night is to travel in a private car.

TERRORISM RISK: LOW

When the terrorism risk is concerned, Sao Paulo is believed to be a very safe city and it is marked as a low-threat location for terrorist activity.

SCAMS RISK: MEDIUM

Tourist places are locations where lawbreakers will try to scam you. In Sao Paulo, tourists should be extremely cautious around ATMs and avoid being surrounded by groups of teenagers with strange behavior or people who want to help them.

WOMEN TRAVELERS RISK: LOW

Women are generally safe in Sao Paulo and can walk alone through the city, but still, nights are extremely dangerous, so it is not always advisable for a female to find herself alone on empty and dark streets.

  • So... How Safe Is Sao Paulo Really?

Brazil is the country that has some unsolved issues with crime and that continues to be the principal danger to its visitors.

Fortunately, the crime rates are decreasing especially in Sao Paulo being a great tourist destination.

The Westside of Sao Paulo is a center of business, nightlife, and education, and it is safer than other parts, being the city’s richest area.

The police presence around Praça de Sé in the old city center makes this area safe, unlike the Crackland area near the Parque de la Luz that needs to be completely avoided by tourists due to the appearance of the drug addicts, prostitutes, and criminals.

Some areas are very dangerous for travelers as well as the citizens of Sao Paulo since robbery, assault, burglary, and theft happens at all times of the day.

Violent crimes like murder, rape, and kidnappings are attributed to street gangs and organized groups and they are not very frequent.

Regardless of all these dangers, Sao Paulo should not be taken as a city to be avoided.

Quite contrary, it is a great city to explore, with its world-class restaurants and major cultural and historical attractions, as long as you remain vigilant while touring the city.

  • How Does Sao Paulo Compare?
  • Useful Information

Tourists from the US who want to visit Brazil have to pay a 160$ fee to get the visa. However, some other countries do not need visas if it is less than 90 days visit. Travelers can check the official Brazil tourism website to get information about visas.

Brazil’s official currency is the Brazilian Real (R$). Even though Brazil is one of the most expensive countries in South America, it is considered a relatively cheap tourist destination.

Sao Paulo is the city that can be visited throughout the whole year because winter temperatures range between 8 and 21 °C. The record high temperature was 37.8 °C and the lowest −2 ° C. Because of its elevation, Sao Paulo has a temperate climate.

There are two main airports in Sao Paulo, São Paulo–Guarulhos International Airport and Congonhas-São Paulo Airport for domestic flights. The number of air passenger movements makes Sao Paulo one of the top 15 busiest airports in the world. Other alternative airports are Viracopos-Campinas International Airport, São José dos Campos Airport and Jundiaí Airport which can be used to avoid the crowds.

Travel Insurance

When traveling anywhere in the world, accidents and illnesses cannot be predicted. So when traveling to Sao Paulo, it is suggested to have international travel health insurance as well as the insurance in case of theft and loss of personal items.

Sao Paulo Weather Averages (Temperatures)

  • Average High/Low Temperature

Brazil - Safety by City

  • Where to Next?

Campinas_Brazil_Temple_by_Andres_Segal

34 Reviews on Sao Paulo

I am from middle east. will they think i am a tourist when im there? cus my skin color is likely the same as brazilian people

You will love Brasil

Once you speak, they will know you are a tourist. I have been to Sao Paulo and trust me, the people are great. They are friendly and very helpful. They look upon it as an honour you are visiting their country and they are proud of their country. There was no racism or anti colour feeling there that I saw. You will love the place.

People are not helpful if your skin is brown or darker, just don’t go. This review is simply not true.

São Paulo is a great city

I spent a year in São Paulo in the Jardin neighborhood. Walked all hours of the night and never had an issue. In other areas of the city, of course, there are problems.

Stay at the Renaissance off Paulista it’s a great safe neighborhood as much as a big city can be safe.

Many places such as rio de janeiro and sao paulo are majority white so no

Brazilians minimize everything

They are not. Brazilians love to say that but it’s simply not true. I’d say in SP people are around 30-35% fully white. Then you get around 40% who are mixed and brazilians call them(selves) white but they wouldn’t be classified as white in North America (or even in Australia). Finally, the rest are simply not white and not mixed.

Yes, we will, plus you’re not welcome.

Nice brudda. How interesting. thanks for sharing bro. Thanks for letting me know. Thanks for sharing info. I got knifed in the back of the head bro. Rip bro.

Some guy shot at but I dodged the bullet so you’ll probs die

It really depends

It’s alright, São Paulo is safe is certain areas but if you’re in a sketchy looking place, then trust your gut.

It's a great city

I was born in São Paulo and still live here. I am 30 years old and have never been mugged, stolen or suffered any kind of violence. I’m not saying that it doesn’t happen here, but it changes a lot from one place to another. If you are going to tourist places, just be aware of your surroundings and don’t be too naive. Streetwise is a differential.

Beware brazilians opinions

Stop lying mate, you know your city is only safe compared to Rio which is one of the most violent places in the western hemisphere.

Kidnapped, tortured, made homeless and robbed

He is lying: when I was in Sao Paulo I was kidnapped in a fake hotel by people that either were or were linked to terrorists, tortured by the police who used pharmocological torture. I had my computer stolen, bought another had this one stolen, had my phone stolen: when kidnapped. I also had my passport stolen at knife point in GRU airport, and had to go effectively homeless because I could not discern how to make sure any hotel was real and not for kidnapping. When I got back to the airport the people that I had my flights with would not let me use their phone to call my embassy. Instead they said they would call but would not because obviously as a white British westerner I somehow am at fault that their country is not a first world country. I ended up in the airport for almost a month. Its an extremely dangerous country which In say people should avoid at all cost.

Well, if it's true it wasn't your day!

I’m Brazilian although the country isn’t safe at all your story sounds phony. Sorry, it’s too “fantastic”, almost a psychological thriller by David Lynch.

Golden rule

The golden rule is to exercise caution when walking on streets or other public places. Even during the day. Do not stop to talk with strangers who come with some persuasive talk or some ordinary question. By night, avoid nearly any street walking, with the exception of crowded restaurant and bar streets such as those from Vila Madalena neighborhood. Said that, everything else tend to be pretty safe.

The rule is be cautious. If you ever lose direction, don’t show it out, read ch out for map and get yours ass fixed. Teens are equally malicious in the city.

How is São Paulo mediumly safe? Muggers can smell turists in 10miles. There is a 0% chance that you will not be mugged if you come from outside south America and if you stay here long enough. Locals saying “I have never been mugged” OF COURSE! YOU ARE BRAZILIAN!! Brazilian come out of their houses with no wallet, no purse and dressed like they are entering a favela. Of course they don’t get mugged. If they are rich they simply never leave their safe places, they never take a walk, ESPECIALLY AT NIGHT. I dare you going out for drinks in ANY fancy neighborhood (NOT SKETCHY ONES, it would be too easy to get mugged there) and walking there without getting mugged. I also dare you to put your phone in your bag in ANY form of public transportation. Let’s see how many seconds it lasts. Especially if you are from Europe. Now I will go down the rabbit hole that this website is to find out which city has earned a worse classification of São Paulo, asking myself how is that even possible, unless you count Rio or those states in Brazil with saints names in it. (Also ref: I am from Southern Europe and I have been working and living in pinherios, São Paulo for 5 years)

Yeah good shout

10000000% accurate!! don’t trusth brazilians specially in this kind of websites!

I worked in Brookling Paulista and I agree with you, city is big and that’s why it has big companies but is simply… TRASH.

Ugliest largest city in South America

It’s extemely misleading about getting scam… in real life brazilians deal with scammers everyday, they call them ‘golpistas’. If you are a gringo your chances or getting scammed are VERY HIGH.

City is extremely unsafe near downtown, and very unsafe and dangerous around Avenida Paulista and somewhat in the rest of the neighborhoods. Don’t trust brazilians about it being ‘safer than Rio’. Río has war-like statistics, so maybe even Bagdad is safer than Rio!

They say São Paulo is richer state in Brazil but city is very poor… you will see some rich people living in bunker-like towers and using helicopters but 90% of the city is ugly and quite poor. Graffities and homeless everywhere, small streets of 40cm wide with no threes and ugly houses or buildings (usually you only will see a fence in decay). I suggest you to check on google street view how people live there before you dare to go.

Also, avoid it all cost if you african american. People are racist and hate crime is rampant trough whole city.

It wasn’t worth my time and they tried to scam me several times. At least Rio is ugly and dangerous but has Pao de Acucar; São Paulo it’s just ugly and dangerous.

Didn't enjoy it but i was in a cruiser

Agree with most of reviews here

Agree with the negative reviews, seems than most of the ones who gave positive comments are brazilians or in love with one…

Extremely dangerous for woman, been there and regret it.

I had one of my worst times down there.

Brazil not worth it

I visited Brazil once and that is the only South-American country I will never visit again for sure. People are not helpfull and not friendly. I did not experience any robberies or crime activities but damn, it just is not a nice place to be. I suggest going to Colombia or central-american countries like Panama and Costa Rica, much much better and people there are sincerely friendly unlike to Brazil. Sad because it could be a top destination, but that country is just fkd up due to corruption and crime

Not hot water

They don’t have hot water and sanitation is bad

got stabbed went to hospital got bad disease

Safe if you aren't easy target

Shame to see all the negative reviews. I spent 3 months in SP. I am a tall, white male that is clearly a foreigner.

I stayed in the nicer parts of the city (think Jardins/Itaim) and never had an issues except losing my phone at a nightclub (I ended up recovering it).

There were a few times where I walked alone at night, and while I was definitely on-guard, never had any problems. I carried myself with confidence. Never made myself an easy target.

I went out / partied a lot. There were plenty of times where I was sauced af, but still, no issues. Those 3 months in SP were amazing.

What made my experience safer and better was I had local brazilian friends who live there, and I also spoke conversational Portuguese.

I hope to return soon!

I know you were there because I can tell by your story which is the exact same story as mine except I was there for a year in the same location.

I would leave O’Malley’s all hours of the night and walk back to the Renaissance with no issues. Ali the owner of O’Malley‘s told me it was safe but be aware.

I felt safe

I personally been to both. São Paulo and Rio and at no point did I ever feel scared for my life or unsafe. I was however accompanied by a local Brazilian. Mostly traveled in a group of 3 but did walk alone a night a few times to grab food. I however am a black man . I did experience colorism though. If you’re dark skin they will automatically assume you don’t have any money which honestly is fine by me. They weren’t Harassing me on the beach to buy sunglasses like they did my white counterpart. Nice how far the dollar stretches down there. You can easily ball out for a few hundred dollars out there.

I loved brazil very nice place welcoming people hardworking and friendly

I have been to brazil and found it a very nice respectful safe place I’m a tourist there and just loved the culture people and the food and drink. Like any where just take precautions when out and about especially at night. It’s not safe to travel on your own at night especially as a woman and I do agree on what others have said. I was alone female travelling to brazil on my own and went throughout brazil caught buses trains went on cable cars etc never had a problem I made sure I had little money on me I made sure when I took taxis they was from booked from airport or hotel and I didnt walk alone in any streets I wasnt confident about. Its using your common sense and just having caution and taking responsibility. Respect the locals they are lovely very welcoming friendly hardworking people yes they are dangers about but you can minimised the risk by taking advice from locals and taking responsibility too using common sense dressing down not showing off valuables money and using licenced taxis

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Article Contents

  • Sao Paulo : Safety by City
  • Overall Risk
  • Transport & Taxis Risk
  • Pickpockets Risk
  • Natural Disasters Risk
  • Mugging Risk
  • Terrorism Risk
  • Women Travelers Risk
  • Weather Averages (Temperatures)
  • User Reviews
  • Share Your Experience

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Easter egg price hikes are just the start as cocoa soars

At a supermarket in Ribeirão Preto, a city in São Paulo state, a sign reads 'Easter eggs in up to ten monthly installments, without interest'.

(Bloomberg) — As the Easter holidays approach, higher cocoa prices mean shoppers are paying far more for their chocolate eggs and bunnies. But that’s just the tip of the iceberg.

Higher prices in stores now reflect increases in cocoa in 2023. Since then, the rally has gone into overdrive, and cocoa has more than doubled in price already this year, making it the world’s hottest commodity.

In just the last three weeks, wholesale beans in New York have jumped more than 47%, exceeding $8,900 a ton — a level that once seemed unthinkable.

That means even higher prices for households as those moves feed through to retailers. But already, UK shoppers are paying more for chocolate, and sometimes getting less for their money, what’s known as “shrinkflation.” In Brazil, where Easter is a major celebration, chocolate egg prices recently became an internet meme when some stores advertised that people could buy them with loans and payment instalments.

The record surge is being driven by disappointing harvests in cocoa’s West Africa heavyweights, Ivory Coast and Ghana, which account for most of the world’s production.

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The industry is largely made up of smallholder farmers who have faced a legacy of poor returns, making it harder to invest in their plots or withstand extreme weather events.

“The true cost of chocolate has not been seen by consumers for a long time,” said Emily Stone, founder of specialty cocoa dealer Uncommon Cacao. “Persistent low prices to producers and climate change are driving the market up to these heights. Now, that comes as a shock to some, but this was predictable.”

The price increase is also a reminder that while headline inflation rates are easing around the world, surges in individual commodities can still put the squeeze on consumers. Chocolate may be seen as more a luxury than a necessity, but brands like Kit Kat and Snickers are often regular parts of weekly shopping baskets.

sao paulo travel advisory

Consumers may even be more sensitive to such price increases after what they’ve been through in recent years. Memories of the post-pandemic inflation spike — and the damage it did to household finances – are still very fresh.

“It’s really expensive,” school counselor Isabel Cristina Brandão said as she picked up three small private label eggs from a candy store in Sao Paulo. She remembers her shopping cart used to be filled a few years ago. “Now we pay more, for a lot less.”

In the US, the average unit price of chocolate eggs is up 12% over the past year, data from researcher NIQ shows. The cost of some popular Easter eggs in the UK has soared by up to 50%, according to consumer group Which?

Those changes account for only a small portion of cocoa’s colossal rally as key ingredients used to make Easter treats were likely purchased in the fourth quarter of 2023 or earlier.

Confectionery is among the categories where US consumers are noticing shrinkflation the most, according to a YouGov survey this month. Households are already cutting back on treats; 44% say they buy chocolate or candy less often because of inflation, according to the US National Confectioners Association.

sao paulo travel advisory

And there’s no relief in sight given what looks like an unstoppable rally, with production shortages expected to persist into the next season. More pain lies ahead when cocoa booked at current sky-high prices will be used for upcoming holidays like Halloween and Christmas.

Earlier this month, Swiss chocolate maker Lindt & Sprüngli said it would have to raise prices this year and next because of the jump in raw material costs.

While some companies may have cheap inventories to cover production for the next six months, they will opt for gradual price hikes rather than shock customers with steep increases, said Judy Ganes, president of J Ganes Consulting.

“If you push through a price increase now, then you can sustain operations and not have to make a short jump,” she said.

Other top chocolate manufacturers have also raised prices and are leaving the door open for more. Mondelez International Inc. Chief Financial Officer Luca Zaramella in February signaled increases are likely, while Hershey Co. Chief Executive Officer Michele Buck said the company remains “committed to pricing to cover inflation.”

Nestle SA said while it’s absorbed some higher costs through efficiencies, it may need to make “responsible adjustments to pricing in the future given the persistently high cocoa prices.”

— With assistance from Paula Doenecke and Thomas Hall.

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  1. Brazil Travel Advisory

    Read the entire Travel Advisory. Do not travel to: Any areas within 150 km/100 miles of Brazil's land borders with Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, Bolivia, Guyana, Suriname, ... Santa Maria, Sao Sebastiao, and Paranoa between the hours of 6:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. (non-daylight hours) due to crime. Visit our website for Travel to High-Risk Areas.

  2. Travel Advisory: U.S. Embassy Brazil

    Travel Advisory: U.S. Embassy Brazil. Event: Effective immediately, all individuals ages 12 and older traveling to Brazil by air must present proof of COVID-19 vaccination, in addition to a Traveler's Health Declaration (DSV) and proof of a negative COVID-19 test, either an RT-PCR test performed within 72 hours of boarding or an antigen test ...

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  4. Message to U.S. Citizens: Update to the Brazil Travel Advisory

    On August 6 the Department of State updated the Travel Advisory for Brazil. Do not travel to Brazil due to COVID-19. Exercise increased caution in Brazil due to crime. Some areas have increased risk. Read the entire Travel Advisory. Read the Department of State's COVID-19 page before you plan any international travel.

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  13. Travel Advisory for Brazil Updated to Level 2: Exercise Increased

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  22. Brazil: Activists plan demonstrations in Sao Paulo and Salvador on

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  24. Easter egg price hikes are just the start as cocoa soars

    At a supermarket in Ribeirão Preto, a city in São Paulo state, a sign reads 'Easter eggs in up to ten monthly installments, without interest'.