how to reduce seasonality in tourism

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SEASONALITY IN TOURISM – causes, implications and strategies

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The role of seasonality in the sustainability of tourism is multiple and complex. The connection between seasonality and sustainability is even more complex when it comes to protected areas. This connection was investigated on the examples of selected protected mountain areas in Serbia ‒ Kopaonik and Tara National Parks, and Stara planina and Zlatibor Nature Parks. The Gini index was used to measure seasonality, and to show the imbalance in the monthly distribution of the number of tourist overnight stays in the mentioned destinations, in the period 2013‒2021. The research results show that the analyzed protected mountain areas in Serbia have different values of the Gini index, which is conditioned by their natural predispositions for tourism development (e.g. altitude and duration of snow cover), and at the same time the levels of tourist development of the area. In order to reduce the effects of seasonality, in each of the destinations that are the subject of this paper, alternati...

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Tourism has become an important factor in the recent growing economy to trade with international dimensions. Mountain destinations offers inter alia, a wide range of possibilities such as unique cultural attractions, hiking, skiing, rafting, kayaking, rock climbing, mountain biking, bungee jumping, and paragliding. that attracts mass tourism with temporal imbalance in number of tourist arrivals. Kinnaur, is also referred to as the 'Land of god' and is 235 Km from Shimla in India. The area is known for its serenity and beauty and opulent green and rocky mountain-scape. It has the Satluj, Baspa and Spiti rivers meandering through it. The main purpose of study is to provide a pattern of tourist statistics and determine the peak season of tourist attractions in Kinnaur. The study is based on secondary data. To achieve the objectives an annual growth rate (AGR) and compound annual growth rate (CAGR) were calculated. The most frequently used simple average method was considered to...

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The seasonality of tourism is a global, complex phenomenon with temporal, geographical, and socioeconomic dimensions. The study presents the phenomenon in Mediterranean countries, identifying similarities and differences. The study aims to provide a holistic theoretical approach to tourism seasonality, examine the temporal and spatial patterns of the phenomenon, and formulate distinct seasonal profiles that facilitate tourism policy and development. The study applies available data on overnight stays in tourist accommodations (hotels and similar accommodations) per month for the years from 2000 to 2019. The analysis reveals groups of seasonality with different characteristics. Overall, the analysis emerges a 3D conceptualization of tourism seasonality (tourism demand, time, period) and promotes the comparative study of the phenomenon in competitive countries and countries with high tourism dependence.

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Seasonality in tourism: how to adapt your marketing strategy.

In Blog , Destinations , marketing , Travel Industry , Trends .

Travel and tourism is one of the most dynamic and rapidly growing industries in the world. As such, much like any sector, it is faced with its own challenges. One of these challenges is the changing levels of tourists which fluctuate depending on the time of year – this is known as seasonality in tourism. 

Not only is seasonality directly linked to the number of tourists who visit a destination, but it is also associated with their wants whilst travelling, their budgets and spending habits, and even their preferences for particular destinations. That’s why it’s crucial for businesses to adapt their marketing strategies in order to roll with the ebbs and flows that each tourist season brings to help make the most of their individual characteristics. Otherwise, your business could suffer at the hands of the seasons. 

Thankfully, there are a number of distinct strategies that travel brands can adopt to combat seasonality, implementing a tailored marketing approach whether it’s the off-season, peak season, or shoulder season. In this article, our partner SEO Travel explains what seasonality in tourism is, what its impact is, and the specific marketing tactics you can put in place to support the continued success of your travel brand during different tourist seasons. 

What is Seasonality in Tourism?

So what is seasonality in travel and tourism? Simply put, this refers to the fluctuation of tourism throughout specific ‘seasons’ or periods of time.

Seasonality in tourism affects every tourism destination around the globe. This phenomenon is often perceived as a problem for many destinations when it comes to sustainability, and is also a challenge for many businesses who must consider how foot traffic is going to ebb and flow over the year, impacting earnings.

Your travel business must consider the specific impacts that seasonality can have on you. Whether you represent a particular destination, you’re a holiday provider, or you’re an accommodation company operating in locations across the world, seasonality will play a role in how your business operates in one way or another. 

What are the Types of Seasonality in Tourism?

Seasonality in tourism can be divided into three main categories: off-season, peak season, and shoulder season. Each of these seasons has its own distinct qualities that influence the level of tourism that they experience. 

We’ve outlined further information about each tourism season below.

Peak Season 

Generally, the peak season for tourism is in the summer months, extending from June to August for the northern hemisphere and from November to February for the southern hemisphere. This is when destinations experience their best weather, which is more favourable to tourists. 

Equally, this is a period in which many students will have broken up for the school holidays, offering an opportunity for families to travel together, which in turn contributes to this season’s popularity. Holidays such as Christmas and New Year are very popular times for travel too, and so these are also considered to be peak seasons. 

Off-Season 

Off-season, also known as the low season, is categorised as a time of year that sees fewer people travelling to a destination. This is partially due to the weather not being as favourable to tourists. 

The off-season for destinations in the northern hemisphere typically takes place from November to February (excluding the Christmas and New Year periods) and in the southern hemisphere from June to August. Many students are also still at school, limiting families from travelling. As a result, prices to travel in the off-season are less expensive compared to the peak season. 

Shoulder Season

The shoulder season can be defined as a period taking place between a destination’s off-season and peak season. This will vary depending on the destination and can last anywhere from a few weeks to multiple months. Typically, this period falls in the spring and autumn seasons. 

In recent years, shoulder seasons have been gaining popularity amongst tourists as they offer a middle ground between both off-season and peak season, combining both of their most favourable qualities, so to speak.

What Causes Seasonality in Tourism?

There are two main causes for seasonality in tourism.

Natural Causes

This refers to changes in our natural environment which prompt shifts in tourism throughout the year. These changes include the climate, seasons, and weather throughout the year. For example, summer sees more sunlight, warmer temperatures, and less precipitation, which is more favourable to travellers and thus causing a spike in tourist numbers.

Institutional Causes 

Institutional causes refer to seasonality in tourism being influenced by certain societal factors which lead to tourist levels being higher or lower at certain times of the year. For example, one institutional cause is school holidays, when students break from their studies. 

Another institutional cause is sporting seasons when major sporting events like Golfing tournaments or the World Cup take place.  All of these events attract a significant number of tourists to destinations, therefore being a cause for seasonal tourism. 

Seasonality in Tourism: Issues and Implications

There are several negative impacts of seasonality in tourism that companies need to be conscious of, alongside their implications on your operations. 

The first is that seasonality is out of your control. Whilst there are efforts that you can implement to help buffer the fluctuation of tourists throughout the year (more on that to come!) It’s a fixed phenomenon that takes its course in the same way year after year.

With this, your business will be attracting more interest and experiencing more sales during certain seasons, which you’ll have to consider when implementing your marketing strategy and thinking about your annual finances. 

In line with this, whilst seasonality can bring more tourists at one time of the year, which is favourable as it leads to an increase in sales, it can have the opposite effect too. During off-peak times of the year, there can be decreased business, leading to fewer customers and lower profits, which can be detrimental if you have fixed costs and overheads to settle.

Finally, seasonality in tourism also brings with it direct issues for destinations such as high prices caused by increased popularity, infrastructure problems caused by the influx of tourists, and overcrowding during the peak season. These can all have a knock-on effect on your travel business.

How to Overcome Seasonality in Tourism: Adapting Your Marketing Strategy

Seasonality problems in tourism can have negative implications on travel businesses. However, there are marketing methods that can be implemented to help ease the impacts of seasonality depending on the specific travel season:

During the Peak Season

Set aside profits ready for the off-season .

During the peak season, your travel business will likely be making more profit compared to the off-season. Thus, it’s important to prepare for your off-season accordingly during the peak season by budgeting and setting aside profits that will cover any costs that you incur within the off-season if business is slow. 

Source More Online Reviews and Feedback

With the peak season attracting more customer interest and bookings for your business, this opens up a big opportunity for you to gain more feedback and reviews from your customers. Positive reviews are a valuable way of securing purchases from future customers, so you should ensure that you’re encouraging any of your customers during the busy peak season to leave a review if they feel that they’ve had a great experience with you.

You can aim to increase the number of individuals leaving you online reviews and feedback through email marketing campaigns linking to your Google Reviews or other sites including TripAdvisor. We’d also encourage you to respond to these reviews promptly, whether positive or negative, as this further enhances your appearance to future customers given that you’re engaging with clients and helping to resolve their complaints swiftly.

During the Off-Season

Run promotions to incentivise travellers.

Given that the off-season is known to be less popular amongst travellers, this is a great opportunity to run promotions and deals to try and incentivise them to book with you or travel to your destination.

Travel is in high demand, meaning consumers are always on the lookout for the best ways to save their money so that they can bag the best deal on their next travel adventure. Should they be able to travel during this season, a deal might just be the thing to pique their interest. 

Target Locals

One of the most strategic ways to gain more customers during the off-season is to adjust your scope to a local level. During peak season, you’ll often find many travellers have ventured from further afield to experience your travel offerings. But, in the off-season, when these types of travellers are in lower numbers, it offers you the opportunity to target more local customers. 

There are multiple methods that you can use to try and attract a local demographic during the off-season. For example, you may be able to offer discounts to locals to try and convince them to have a local travel experience. Or, you may want to target your advertising or social media campaigns to the areas that you operate in to get in front of locals’ eyes. Partnering with other local businesses is a great strategy to get yourselves in front of a wider local audience too. 

Implement a Content Strategy

With fewer people heading to destinations during the low season, you ideally want to increase these numbers so that you have a steadier stream of customers throughout the year. You can do this by implementing a good content strategy in the lead-up to, and during, the off-season. 

By creating a content strategy ahead of the low season, you can think about what types of written pieces and imagery can communicate to your customers that the low season is a lovely time of year to travel and that there are many benefits to doing so. 

Think of all of the channels you can utilise in your marketing strategy to communicate this to customers – such as email newsletters, social media content, and blog posts for your website so that you’re getting this message across to your customers in different ways. Equally, think about optimising your existing content in line with relevant search queries to make sure that you’re more likely to be viewed by customers organically on search engines.

During the Shoulder Season

Target specific demographics.

During the shoulder season, you want to make sure that your marketing strategy targets certain demographics that can travel during this time of the year and who have the income to do so.  

Tracking the types of customers you gain during the shoulder season will help you understand the audiences and demographics that you should be targeting during this time of the year. For example, if you’re finding more young couples or older couples are booking with you to travel during the shoulder season, think about how you can adjust your marketing to attract this type of clientele, whether in your social media posts, email marketing campaigns, or with tailored SEO content on your website. 

Implement Loyalty or Rewards Schemes

Implementing loyalty or rewards programmes for travellers is a great method to try and increase repeat customers and incentivise travellers into booking with you during this less-busy period of the year, increasing your revenue stream. This would also work well as a strategy during the low season.

This will provide some of your most loyal customers with additional value, as you reward them for their loyalty and give them an enhanced customer experience as a result. This creates a sort of win-win situation between you, the supplier, and your customers. 

Change Your Marketing Messaging 

Much like evaluating what demographics are more likely to travel, and therefore purchase your product or service, during the shoulder season, you’ll want to review and tailor your marketing messaging to appeal to the needs of these travellers during this period too. 

The types of travellers that you’ll find during the shoulder season will have particular needs and wants. For example, retired travellers may be looking to travel at a time of year when they can pay less and that is quieter. Therefore, the marketing that you are executing needs to speak to the wants that this demographic has, with this messaging communicated in your content and other marketing strategies to catch their eye.

Whilst seasonality in tourism is not something that can be avoided, it is certainly something that you can prepare for and react to by using multiple marketing strategies to your advantage, supporting your business to thrive regardless of the time of year. We hope that the above strategies have illustrated where you may currently be working to support your business during the travel seasons, and where you can make further efforts to maximise your business success whether in the low, high, or shoulder seasons.  If you’re in search of developing your marketing strategy for your travel brand, you can get in touch with our team at SEO Travel . We are an expert travel marketing agency that helps companies like yours to enhance their marketing to increase your conversion rate and improve the search engine optimisation of your website. Why not take a look at our marketing services to find out more about how we can help?

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Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes

ISSN : 1755-4217

Article publication date: 25 August 2022

Issue publication date: 13 October 2022

The aim of the paper is to examine and analyse the thematic literature on tourism seasonality and the causes and effects thereof.

Design/methodology/approach

The paper is based on a review of scientific and theoretical research by various authors on tourism seasonality, in order to systematically analyse the causes and effects of the seasonal patterns in tourism activity.

Seasonality is one of the most important features of tourism demand, and it has a significant effect on many aspects of the tourism industry. The literature review suggests that tourism seasonality is caused by natural and anthropogenic factors that have a very significant bearing on the geographical location of a tourist destination, as well as institutional and economic factors. Assessments of the effects of seasonality in the scientific literature differ. The effects of seasonality analysed in the relevant literature can be divided into four major categories: economic, employment, social and cultural as well as ecological.

Originality/value

The paper presents a systematic literature review on tourism seasonality and the causes and effects thereof.

• Tourism seasonality
• Causes of tourism seasonality
• Effects of tourism seasonality

Zvaigzne, A. , Litavniece, L. and Dembovska, I. (2022), "Tourism seasonality: the causes and effects", Worldwide Hospitality and Tourism Themes , Vol. 14 No. 5, pp. 421-430. https://doi.org/10.1108/WHATT-07-2022-0080

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Copyright © 2022, Emerald Publishing Limited

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How Can Tour Operators Overcome Seasonality?

Have you ever wondered how tour operators keep their businesses thriving all year round, even when the peak season fades away?

Seasonality in tourism destinations can be a rollercoaster ride, with high peaks during certain months and steep dips in others, significantly impacting revenue and stability.

It's a puzzle that many in the industry grapple with: How do you maintain a steady flow of tourists and keep the cash register ringing even when the high season turns into a quiet lull?

In this insightful article, we will combat seasonality and delve into five innovative and proven methods to overcome the challenges of seasonality.

Each method is packed with practical recommendations and tips, tailored to help tour operators survive and thrive throughout the year.

Whether you're a seasoned operator or new to the industry, these strategies are your key to unlocking a more stable and profitable future. So, join us on this journey to discover how you can turn the tide of seasonality in your business' favor! 🌍✈️📈

What is seasonality and why can it be a challenge for tourism?

Seasonality in tourism means that the number of tourists changes a lot at different times of the year. This happens because of weather changes, holidays, and school breaks.

For example, more people go to ski resorts in winter and beaches in summer. Also, many events and places with special events or festivals get lots of visitors at those times.

But seasonality can be tough for tourism, for some reasons.

• Jobs and Using Resources : When there are lots of tourists, places might not have enough things like hotels, food, or water. This can make prices go up and be hard on the environment. When there are fewer tourists, these things aren't used much, and people who work in tourism might not have jobs.
• Too Much Pressure on Places : In busy times, there can be too many tourists. This can make life hard for local people and can hurt the environment. Roads and public services can get too crowded.
• Money Problems : Places that rely a lot on tourism can have money problems. They make a lot of money in the busy season, but they need it to last all year. This can be risky if they don’t make enough money during the busy times.
• Not So Fun for Tourists : When a place is too crowded, tourists might not have a good time. Long lines and too many people can make the visit less enjoyable, and they might not want to come back.
• Competition and Prices : In busy times, tourist spots compete a lot for visitors, and in quieter times, they might lower prices a lot to attract people. This can be hard to keep up in the long run.

In short, while seasonality is normal in tourism, handling it well is important. This means finding ways to make tourism good all year, not just in the busy peak season. It’s about taking care of the place, making sure local people benefit, and giving tourists a great experience every time.

So what can you do to minimize the impact of seasonality on tourism sales?

How do you minimize the impact of seasonality in the tourism industry?

To minimize seasonality impacts in your tour and activity business, it's crucial to adopt several strategic approaches.

We have gathered 5 strategies that have proven effective over time, regardless of the kind of tour and activity business you run.

Here are some tips for the off-season:

1. Diversifying Offerings

• Problem: Tour operators often face off-peak seasons when demand for their primary tours drops.
• Solution: Diversify your offerings to include tours that are appealing year-round or specifically designed for off-peak seasons. For example, if you primarily offer beach tours, consider adding cultural or historical tours that are less weather-dependent.
• Recommendation: Research and develop unique experiences that can attract tourists even during the off-season, like local food tours or indoor activities.

2. Creating Seasonal Packages

• Problem: Certain times of the year can see a dip in tourist interest.
• Solution: Develop special packages or promotions for the low season. This could include discounted rates, special events, or bundled offers.
• Recommendation: Collaborate with local businesses to create attractive packages. For instance, a winter package might include a stay at a cozy hotel, a tour of local indoor attractions, and a dining experience.

3. Targeting Different Markets

• Problem: Relying on a single market segment can lead to vulnerability during off-peak seasons.
• Solution: Expand your target audience. For example, if your high season attracts international tourists, focus on local or regional markets during the off-season.
• Recommendation: Tailor your marketing strategies to appeal to different demographics. For instance, promote family-friendly tours during school holidays or couple retreats for Valentine’s Day.

4. Leveraging Digital Marketing

• Problem: Low visibility during off-peak seasons can reduce tourist engagement.
• Solution: Use digital marketing to maintain visibility and interest throughout the year. This includes social media campaigns, email marketing, and online promotions.
• Recommendation: Create engaging content that highlights the unique appeal of off-season travel, such as the tranquility of tourist spots without the crowds or the charm of a destination in different seasons.

5. Building Local Partnerships

• Problem: Isolation in the tourism industry can amplify the effects of seasonality.
• Solution: Partner with local businesses and other tour operators to create a more robust and diverse tourism offering.
• Recommendation: Establish collaborations that can lead to cross-promotion. For example, work with local restaurants to offer dining discounts for your tour customers or with accommodation providers for package deals.

These strategies open doors to untapped markets, foster innovation, and encourage a deeper connection with the destination, local community and culture. They enable operators to offer a richer, more varied experience to their customers, enhancing their reputation and appeal.

Moreover, these approaches lead to a more resilient business model, one that can weather the ebb and flow of tourist seasons with greater ease.

Ultimately, the goal is to create a tourism experience that is vibrant and appealing all year round, turning seasonal challenges into opportunities for enrichment and growth.

For tour operators, this means a more stable and prosperous business, and for their customers, it means unforgettable experiences no matter the season.

So, as we conclude, remember that with the right strategies, every season can be a season of success in the world of tourism. 🌟🌍🚀

Commonly Asked Questions:

1. how can tour operators overcome seasonality and maintain steady revenue during the off-season.

Maintaining steady revenue during the off-season involves creative strategies. Many businesses find success by targeting local customers, who are less influenced by tourist season patterns. Developing special promotions or new attractions tailored to locals can generate demand.

Additionally, offering discounts or unique deals during shoulder seasons can be a great strategy to attract more tourists. Leveraging online reviews and testimonials can also boost your website visibility in relevant search queries, attracting visitors and planning for the next season.

2. What are effective ways to attract customers during the low season?

Attracting customers in the low season requires a focused marketing approach. Advertising special incentives on your website and through social media can be effective.

Consider collaborating with other tour operator local businesses to offer combined deals, which can be a great opportunity to increase visitor numbers. Tailoring your offerings to target the interests of different demographics, such as families or young travelers, and highlighting these in your promotions can also be beneficial.

3. Can diversifying tour offerings help combat seasonality?

Yes, diversifying tour offerings is a key strategy to overcome seasonality. By expanding your range of tours to include activities that are appealing in different seasons, you can attract a wider audience. For instance, adventure tours or cultural experiences can appeal to visitors outside the main tourist season. This approach not only helps balance seasonal demand but also positions your business to cater to a variety of interests and preferences.

4. How can I effectively forecast and plan for seasonal changes in demand?

Effective trip forecasting involves analyzing past sales data and monitoring economic trends in your region. This can help you anticipate high-demand periods and plan your availability and resources accordingly. Keeping an eye on travel trends and preferences can also provide insights into how people choose their trips, enabling you to adjust your offerings and marketing strategies for the upcoming period.

5. What role does pricing strategy play in managing seasonality?

Pricing strategy is crucial for managing seasonality. Implementing dynamic pricing, where prices fluctuate based on demand, can help attract customers during slow periods without devaluing your service.

Offering early bird discounts for the next season or special rates during shoulder seasons can also drive bookings. It's important to segment your pricing strategies into the main categories of customers, such as locals and international tourists, to maximize effectiveness.

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How to reduce seasonality in tourism – interview with Prof. Xavier Font

Tips on how to reduce seasonality in tourism through creative marketing and designing more sustainable tourism experiences.

This article is part of the “Sustainable tourism insights” interview series with speakers and participants of the Green Destinations Conference in Athens, Greece held in September 2022.

Xavier Font is a Professor of Sustainability Marketing at the University of Surrey in the UK. Prof. Font was one of the the keynote speakers at the conference in Athens. Anula Galewska, Travindy’s Managing Director, asked him to share his tips on how destinations can reduce seasonality and market low-seasons.

According to Prof. Font the first thing any destination can do is to stop marketing their high season and the well known spots, because they simply market themselves. Instead, DMOs should focus on marketing the low season, engage local residents in the process, do some storytelling for the destination, and in general be more creative with their campaigns.

To ensure a stable flow of customers, it is now crucial to combine multiple markets. Businesses can’t risk “putting all eggs in one basket”. COVID-19 showed us how important the domestic visitors are, even if they may have a lower expenditure per person. In segmenting markets and planning our marketing activities, in addition to measuring an average expenditure, we should also take into account visitors’ carbon footprint.

According to Prof. Font, one of the main mistakes destinations make, is that they keep selling to the first time visitors. They create one brochure, translate it and use for different markets, without differentiating the needs and interests of every audience.

Attracting customers in the low season is still a great challenge, and there is no easy “one fit all” solution. However, we should look at the low season as the opportunity and space for creative marketing.

Prof. Font also has made a remark that certification is not a successful business to consumer marketing tool. However it is a great tool of bringing people together to work towards a common goal and create a sense of scale and purpose.

Watch the interview with Prof. Xavier Font:

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Destination Economic Benefits

The tourism activity in a destination is often a driver of development, triggering desired investments and employment opportunities. In order to contribute to the desired development objectives of destinations while fostering sustainability, it is important to regularly monitor and evaluate the economic benefits, among them the return on its investment, the direct and indirect employment effects, on taxes earned from tourism businesses, and any increase in asset value (land and infrastructure prices). In addition, tourism causes often indirect economic benefits through the development of support services and increased opportunities in other industries ranging from food and agriculture to crafts and construction.  Indicators of the economic effects of tourism activity in a destination range from measuring employment, business investments, tourism revenues, community expenditures to aspects of leakages. Many of these aspects are considered in the Tourism Satellite Account, the statistical framework that is used as a standardised tool to measure the direct economic contributions of tourism consumption to a national economy.   

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What Is Seasonality In Tourism

Published: December 13, 2023

Modified: December 28, 2023

by Velvet Baumgardner

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Introduction

Welcome to the world of travel and tourism! Whether you are a seasoned traveler or someone planning your first adventure, understanding seasonality in tourism can greatly enhance your travel experiences. Seasonality refers to the fluctuations in tourist activity and demand for travel destinations based on the time of year.

When we talk about seasonality, we are referring to the concept that certain destinations experience peak and off-peak periods throughout the year. This can be influenced by a variety of factors, such as weather conditions, cultural events, school holidays, and even marketing efforts. Understanding the patterns of seasonality can help you plan your trips more efficiently, avoid crowds, and save money.

Seasonality is not only important for individual travelers, but also for businesses in the tourism industry. It impacts the profitability and sustainability of hotels, airlines, restaurants, and other travel-related businesses. By analyzing and managing seasonality, businesses can optimize their operations, provide better services, and maximize revenue.

In this article, we will explore the concept of seasonality in tourism, delve into the factors contributing to seasonality, discuss its effects on the industry, and provide strategies to manage and mitigate its impact. We will also examine some case studies that highlight the real-life implications of seasonality in popular travel destinations. So, let’s dive in and discover the fascinating world of seasonality in tourism!

Definition of Seasonality in Tourism

Seasonality in tourism refers to the pattern of fluctuating tourist activity and demand for travel destinations based on the time of year. It is the phenomenon where certain periods experience a higher influx of visitors, while other periods see a decline in tourist numbers.

Seasonality can be influenced by various factors, including weather conditions, holiday seasons, cultural events, and school breaks. These factors influence people’s travel preferences and the timing of their trips. For example, many people prefer to visit tropical destinations during the winter months to escape the cold weather, while others might opt for destinations that offer unique cultural experiences during specific festivals or events.

It is important to note that seasonality can vary significantly between different destinations and can even occur within a single destination. While some popular travel destinations may experience a predictable seasonal pattern year after year, others may have more sporadic fluctuations in visitor numbers due to specific events or promotional campaigns.

The impact of seasonality can be felt by both tourists and businesses in the tourism industry. For tourists, seasonality can affect the cost and availability of accommodations, transportation options, and the overall travel experience. It can also result in overcrowding and long queues at popular attractions during peak seasons, potentially diminishing the enjoyment of the trip.

For businesses in the tourism industry, managing seasonality is essential for maintaining consistent revenue streams and ensuring sustainability. During peak seasons, businesses may experience high demand and profitability, but they also face challenges such as increased competition, higher operating costs, and the need to provide quality services to a larger volume of visitors. Conversely, off-peak seasons can present the challenge of lower demand and limited revenue, requiring businesses to adapt their strategies and offerings to attract visitors during these periods.

Overall, understanding and effectively managing seasonality in tourism is crucial for both tourists and businesses in order to optimize travel experiences, minimize costs, and maintain a sustainable industry.

Factors Contributing to Seasonality

Seasonality in tourism is influenced by a wide range of factors that shape the patterns of visitor numbers throughout the year. These factors can be categorized into several key elements:

• Weather and Climate: One of the most significant factors contributing to seasonality is the weather and climate of a destination. Travelers often prefer to visit destinations with favorable weather conditions during their vacations. For example, beach destinations tend to be more popular during the summer months, while mountain destinations attract visitors during the winter for skiing and snowboarding activities.
• Holidays and Festivals: Holidays and festivals have a significant impact on travel patterns. Many people choose to travel during their national holidays or school breaks. For example, Christmas and New Year’s holidays are an ideal time for family vacations, and popular festivals like Oktoberfest or Carnival attract large numbers of tourists to specific destinations during certain periods.
• Seasonal Activities and Attractions: Certain activities and attractions are only available or more enjoyable during specific seasons. For example, wildlife safaris in Africa might be best during the dry season when animals gather around watering holes, or springtime in Japan is renowned for its beautiful cherry blossoms. These unique experiences attract visitors during particular times of the year, contributing to seasonality.
• Economic Factors: Economic factors, such as exchange rates, can impact travel patterns. A favorable exchange rate can make a destination more affordable for international travelers, increasing the tourist numbers during that period. Conversely, a strong currency might discourage visitors, leading to a decrease in demand during certain times.
• Promotional Campaigns: Marketing efforts and promotional campaigns can influence the seasonality of a destination. Tourism boards, airlines, hotels, and other stakeholders often run targeted marketing campaigns during specific periods to attract visitors. These campaigns can create spikes in tourist numbers during the promotional period and influence travel behavior.

It is important to note that while these factors are influential in shaping seasonality, the specific patterns can vary widely between destinations. Every destination has its own unique set of factors that contribute to their seasonal visitation patterns.

By understanding the factors that contribute to seasonality, businesses in the tourism industry can better plan their operations and marketing strategies to effectively cater to the demands of different seasons. Likewise, understanding these factors as a traveler can help you plan your trips, avoid peak crowds, and make the most of the unique experiences available during different times of the year.

Effects of Seasonality on Tourism

Seasonality in tourism can have both positive and negative effects on destinations and the tourism industry as a whole. Understanding these effects is crucial for businesses and travelers to adapt and make informed decisions. Let’s explore some of the key effects of seasonality:

• Economic Impact: Seasonality can significantly impact the economic aspects of tourism. During peak seasons, destinations experience a surge in tourist numbers, leading to increased revenue for businesses and the local economy. This can create job opportunities and stimulate economic growth. Conversely, in off-peak seasons, there is a decline in visitor numbers, resulting in a decrease in revenue for businesses and potential economic challenges for the destination.
• Service Quality: High seasonality can put pressure on businesses to meet the demands of a larger volume of visitors. This can affect the quality of services provided, as businesses may struggle to handle the increased workload. Longer wait times, overcrowded attractions, and difficulty securing accommodations can impact the overall travel experience for tourists.
• Pricing and Availability: During peak seasons, prices for accommodations, flights, and other travel services tend to increase due to high demand. The limited availability of accommodations can also result in higher prices. Conversely, in off-peak seasons, prices may be lower, and there may be more flexibility in terms of availability. This can provide an opportunity for travelers to enjoy more affordable trips and access to premium services at a lower cost.
• Environmental Impact: Seasonality can impact the environment in tourism destinations. High visitor numbers during peak seasons can put stress on natural resources, lead to increased pollution, and disrupt the local ecosystem. Sustainable tourism practices and responsible visitor behavior are essential to mitigate these impacts and ensure the long-term conservation of natural and cultural heritage.
• Community and Cultural Impact: Seasonality can influence the local communities and cultural dynamics in tourism destinations. In some cases, communities may heavily rely on tourism as a source of income, and the fluctuations in visitor numbers can significantly impact their livelihoods. Some destinations may experience cultural and social changes during high seasons, with an influx of visitors bringing both positive and negative impacts on local traditions and way of life.

Overall, the effects of seasonality on tourism are multi-faceted and can vary depending on the destination and specific circumstances. The key is to strike a balance that maximizes the positive impacts while mitigating the negative effects. By understanding the effects of seasonality, destinations and businesses can develop strategies to manage and adapt to fluctuations in tourist numbers, ensuring a sustainable and enjoyable travel experience for all.

Strategies to Manage Seasonality

Managing seasonality in tourism is crucial for destinations and businesses to optimize their operations, provide consistent services, and ensure a sustainable industry. Here are some effective strategies that can be employed to manage and mitigate the effects of seasonality:

• Diversify Tourism Products: Destinations can develop and promote a diverse range of tourism products to attract visitors during off-peak seasons. This can include creating new attractions, organizing events, and offering unique experiences that are available year-round. By providing a variety of activities and attractions, destinations can encourage tourists to visit outside of the traditional peak seasons.
• Promote Shoulder Seasons: Shoulder seasons refer to the periods just before or after the peak season. Promoting travel during these shoulder seasons can help spread the visitor numbers more evenly throughout the year. Offering incentives such as discounted rates or special packages during these periods can entice travelers to visit during less crowded times.
• Targeted Marketing and Promotion: Destinations can implement targeted marketing and promotion campaigns to attract visitors during off-peak seasons. This can involve marketing campaigns in specific regions or countries, highlighting unique experiences available during those periods, and offering special deals or discounts. By effectively communicating the benefits of visiting during off-peak seasons, destinations can encourage more balanced visitation patterns.
• Collaborate with Stakeholders: Collaboration between tourism stakeholders is essential in managing seasonality. By working together, businesses can create joint promotions, share resources, and develop packages that encourage visitors to explore different attractions and activities within the destination. Cooperation between accommodation providers, tour operators, and local attractions can help distribute the visitor flow more evenly throughout the year.
• Infrastructure and Capacity Development: Improving infrastructure and enhancing the capacity of tourism facilities can help destinations handle the influx of visitors during peak seasons. This includes expanding transportation options, upgrading accommodations, and developing tourist infrastructure in less crowded areas. By increasing the capacity to accommodate visitors, destinations can manage the seasonality more effectively.

It is important to note that managing seasonality requires a long-term perspective and consistent efforts. Continuous monitoring and analysis of visitor patterns, feedback from tourists, and collaboration between stakeholders are essential for implementing effective management strategies.

By employing these strategies, destinations can maximize their potential as year-round tourism hotspots, provide better experiences for visitors, generate sustainable revenue streams, and minimize the negative impacts of seasonality on the local economy and environment.

Case Studies on Seasonality in Tourism

Let’s take a look at some real-life case studies that exemplify the impact of seasonality on popular travel destinations:

• Bali, Indonesia: Bali is known for its stunning beaches, lush landscapes, and vibrant culture, making it a sought-after destination for travelers worldwide. However, Bali experiences significant seasonality, with a peak season from June to August and during the Christmas and New Year period. During these months, the island is bustling with tourists, resulting in higher prices for accommodations and crowded attractions. To combat seasonality, Bali has been promoting its shoulder seasons, particularly in the months of April and September, by offering attractive deals and packages to encourage visitors during these less crowded times.
• Whistler, Canada: Whistler, located in British Columbia, Canada, is a renowned ski resort and outdoor adventure destination. Skiing and snowboarding enthusiasts flock to Whistler during the winter months, creating a high season for the destination. However, the summer months experience a significant drop in visitor numbers. To manage seasonality, Whistler has expanded its outdoor activities, such as mountain biking, hiking, and golfing, making it an attractive destination for adventure seekers year-round. Additionally, the resort offers discounted accommodation rates and packages during the off-peak seasons, enticing visitors to explore the destination outside of the winter months.
• Phuket, Thailand: Phuket is a popular beach destination in Thailand, offering pristine beaches, vibrant nightlife, and cultural attractions. The island experiences a peak season from November to March when tourists from around the world seek respite from the winter months in their home countries. During this period, Phuket witnesses a surge in visitor numbers, leading to higher prices and crowded beaches. To manage seasonality, Phuket has been promoting the “Green Season,” which falls between April and October. During this time, tourists can enjoy lower accommodation rates, fewer crowds, and still experience plenty of sunshine. Sustainable tourism practices, such as initiatives to preserve marine life and reduce plastic waste, have also been implemented to attract more visitors during the off-peak season.
• Oktoberfest, Munich: One of the most famous events in Germany, Oktoberfest in Munich, attracts millions of visitors from all over the world. This traditional beer festival takes place over 16 days, usually from late September to early October. During the festival, Munich experiences a significant increase in tourist arrivals, leading to higher demand for accommodation, long queues at beer tents, and crowded streets. To manage the influx of visitors, Munich has extended the festival to include weekends before and after the official dates, effectively spreading out the crowds and offering visitors a chance to experience Oktoberfest in a less crowded and more enjoyable environment.

These case studies highlight the various strategies destinations use to manage seasonality and balance visitor numbers throughout the year. By implementing targeted promotions, diversifying tourism products, and encouraging travel during shoulder seasons, these destinations have successfully mitigated the negative impacts of seasonality and provided tourists with better experiences.

Seasonality is a fundamental aspect of tourism that significantly impacts both travelers and businesses in the industry. Understanding and effectively managing seasonality can enhance travel experiences, optimize operations, and ensure the sustainability of destinations.

Throughout this article, we have explored the definition of seasonality in tourism, the factors contributing to its occurrence, the effects it has on destinations and businesses, and strategies to manage and mitigate its impact. We have also examined real-life case studies that demonstrate how destinations have successfully navigated seasonality through targeted marketing, diversification of tourism products, and promoting off-peak seasons.

As travelers, understanding seasonality allows us to plan our trips more strategically, avoiding peak crowds, enjoying more affordable prices during off-peak periods, and making the most of unique experiences available throughout the year. By spreading our travels across different seasons, we can support destinations in their efforts to achieve sustainable tourism growth and reduce the negative impacts of overcrowding on local communities and the environment.

For businesses in the tourism industry, managing seasonality is essential for the long-term success of their operations. By diversifying offerings, collaborating with stakeholders, and implementing targeted marketing campaigns, businesses can adapt to fluctuations in visitor numbers and optimize their revenue streams.

In conclusion, understanding and managing seasonality in tourism is crucial for the industry’s sustainability and the satisfaction of travelers. By implementing effective strategies and promoting year-round visitation, destinations can ensure a balance in tourist numbers, provide quality experiences, and maximize the benefits of tourism for all stakeholders involved.

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Experiential tourism, the key to reduce seasonality

25, Nov, 2016

By Andrea Cózar

The International Innovation and Tourism Seminar 2016 took place in Parc Bit, Mallorca and focused on ideas to reduce seasonality and overall improve tourism. There were two sessions: the first was focused on the impacts of seasonality in tourism and the second was focused on creating sustainable and responsible tourism experiences.

During the 24 – 25 of november a new edition of the International Innovation and Tourism Seminar, INTO2016 , took place in Parc Bit (Palma de Mallorca). During this event experts from the academic and professional world shared ideas, knowledge and tools to improve the client’s experience, increase competitivity and to study the creation of new touristic products with the purpose of reducing seasonality.

The event was inaugurated by the innovation, investigation and tourism vice president and councillor Gabriel Barceló. He emphasized the challenge of extending the tourist season in the Balearic Islands through the creation of touristic products and experiences that are sustainable and responsible (economically and socially), to improve connectivity and the implication of the sector’s tourism agents.

The program then continued with José Luis Pastor, founder and CEO of various significant companies in the industry, such as “Rethink Marketing”, “Lapplab” and “A million monkeys”,  that introduced the seminar with the presentation “State of the art about the experiential economy: The tourism case”.  During his lecture, he highlighted the relevance of attending the new type of digital consumer, someone more connected and collaborative, who wants to interact with brands and feel part of a community. A new client that demands personalized experiences, brands and products to which he can relate with and feel connected, as well as companies that allow a customization of their out of the ordinary products. Pastor concluded his lecture stressing that “in conventional markets, the key to success is to transform the brand into a story that is worth sharing”.

The first session: “The impacts of seasonality in tourism: social, economical and labour aspects” by Joan Enric Capellà, founder of  SOM , Maria del Mar Ribas, Eugeni Aguiló and Javier Rey-Maquieira.

During this session the speakers talked about developing and boosting new innovative touristic products focused on authentic experiences from the destination in order to attract visitors out of the summer season. They also emphasized the need of better communication and ties between the public administration and the private sector in the tourism industry, in order to improve connectivity, infrastructure, services and labour. In this way massification will be prevented and therefore damage of the destination’s image and the overuse of resources during the high season months. 

The second session of the seminar was about “How to create sustainable and responsible tourism experiences”, introduced by Bárbara Neuhofer, Natalia Tur and José Antonio Pérez-Aranda.  They explained that the challenge of the tourism sector should be creating unique, dynamic and personalized experiences, taking them to the next level for a more connected, educated and knowledged consumer, that doesn’t travel alone, carrying with him his entire network of contacts and produces and uploads content. They also highlighted that companies, government, tourists and residents are crucial in creating value, selling memories and experiences, initiating the trip much earlier and extending it much after their departure. To end the session, they concluded that the key of experiential tourism is to focalize these experiences to the niche market in which the company is interested in, to guarantee that clients will participate actively and take home memorable, unique and extraordinary memories of their trip.

The first day’s closing act was a workshop directed by José Cantero, about “Design of innovative experiences to reduce the seasonality of the destination”. In this workshop dynamic, creative and lateral thinking and empathy were put into practice to create experiences, and value-adding success stories that helped to increase companies economical results.

Analyzing the Tourism Seasonality for the Mediterranean Countries

• Published: 07 June 2023

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• Thomas Krabokoukis   ORCID: orcid.org/0000-0001-5834-682X 1 &
• Serafeim Polyzos 1  

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The seasonality of tourism is a global, complex phenomenon with temporal, geographical, and socio-economic dimensions. The study presents the phenomenon in Mediterranean countries, identifying similarities and differences. The study aims to provide a holistic theoretical approach to tourism seasonality, examine the temporal and spatial patterns of the phenomenon, and formulate distinct seasonal profiles that facilitate tourism policy and development. The study applies available data on overnight stays in tourist accommodations (hotels and similar accommodations) per month for the years from 2000 to 2019. The analysis reveals groups of seasonality with different characteristics. Overall, the analysis emerges a 3D conceptualization of tourism seasonality (tourism demand, time, period) and promotes the comparative study of the phenomenon in competitive countries and countries with high tourism dependence.

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Krabokoukis, T., Polyzos, S. Analyzing the Tourism Seasonality for the Mediterranean Countries. J Knowl Econ (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13132-023-01129-8

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2024 Allergy Capitals Report Ranks the Most Challenging Cities to Live in with Seasonal Allergies AAFA Community Services 3/15/24 11:00 AM Asthma and Allergy News and Research Improving Your Asthma and Allergy Health What's New with AAFA

The Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America (AAFA) released our 2024 Allergy Capitals™ report .

AAFA’s report ranks the top 100 most challenging cities in the contiguous United States (“lower 48 states”) to live with seasonal pollen allergies. The report includes data from the previous year to create a ranking of the 100 most populated cities based on:

• Tree, grass, and weed pollen scores
• Over-the-counter allergy medicine use
• Availability of board-certified allergists/immunologists

Wichita, Kansas, is the #1 Allergy Capital for the second year in a row due to:

• Higher-than-average tree and grass pollen
• Higher-than-average allergy medicine use
• Fewer board-certified allergists/immunologists

See the full ranking of 100 cities: allergycapitals.com

What Does It Mean If I Live in a Top Allergy Capital?

About 1 out of 4 adults and 1 out of 5 children have seasonal allergic rhinitis, also known as “hay fever.” If you have seasonal allergies and live in a top Allergy Capital, seasonal allergies may affect you more.

If your city is a top Allergy Capital, it may have higher-than-average pollen counts, high sales of over-the-counter allergy medicine, and fewer allergists. Read the report to find out how your city ranks and what you can do to take care of your allergies.

Are Pollen Seasons Getting Worse?

It’s not just your imagination. Pollen seasons start earlier, last longer, and are more intense. Climate change and botanical sexism are to blame. Due to climate change, there is also an increase in carbon dioxide in the air, causing trees to make more pollen.

“Botanical sexism” refers to the preference to plant “male” (wind-pollinating) trees instead of “female” (fruit-, seed-, and nut-bearing trees). More wind-pollinating trees can lead to more pollen.

Read the report to learn more about the effects of climate change and botanical sexism.

Claritin’s DiversiTree Project

Did you know that male trees produce pollen and female trees produce seeds? In 1949, the USDA provided city planting guidance dictating that “only male trees should be planted.” This mandate led to an increase in pollen levels, expected to double by 2040. To help reverse this trend of planting male trees that’s contributed to allergies for the last 75 years, Bayer launched the Claritin DiversiTree Project in 2023. Today, all types of allergies affect over 30% of adults and 40% of kids in the United States. This is why Claritin is extending its mission by planting more female trees where kids need it the most—schools, parks, and playgrounds. Claritin is undertaking this initiative because they believe the world would be better if we could live as if we don’t have allergies.

What Does It Mean If I Live in an Allergy Capital Lower on the List?

You may still be greatly affected by seasonal allergies. On one or more of the ranked factors, your city may be doing better compared to other cities. For example, your city may have more allergists available compared to other cities.

What Does It Mean If My City Isn’t Listed on the Report?

AAFA's Allergy Capitals report ranks the top 100 populated metro areas in the United States. If your hometown is near a major city, your area may be included in the metro area of the major city. For example, the Seattle metropolitan area includes Tacoma, Bellevue, Everett, and all cities and suburbs in the surrounding area.

If your city's population is lower than the population of the 100th most populated city, then your city will not be ranked. You may be greatly affected by seasonal allergies, but your town is not reflected in the report. This is why Scranton, Pennsylvania – a city that was named an Allergy Capital for the past few years – is not ranked on this year's report. As of 2022, Scranton is no longer one of the 100 most-populated cities. Instead, it has been replaced by Fayetteville, Arkansas, moving it off our list.

How Can I Get Relief from Seasonal Allergies?

No matter where you live, it’s hard to escape pollen. But you can manage your pollen allergy.

There are a number of available and accessible options to help you find relief. Work with your doctor to include the steps below in your allergy treatment plan:

1. Limit your contact with pollen. Here are some steps you can take to reduce your contact with pollen during pollen season:

• Check pollen counts daily.
• Plan outdoor activities on low pollen days.
• Stay inside on high pollen days.
• Outside, wear sunglasses, a hat or head covering, and a mask to limit the amount of pollen that gets into your eyes, nose, mouth, and lungs.
• Remove your shoes before entering your home.
• Change and wash clothes after outdoor activities.
• Wipe furry animals off when they come inside or bathe them weekly.
• Shower before bed to keep pollen out of your bedding.
• Keep windows closed during pollen season or peak pollen times (usually midday).
• Use central air conditioning or air cleaners with a HEPA or CERTIFIED asthma & allergy friendly® filter , if possible.
• Clean bedding, floors, and fabric furniture once a week.
• Clean blinds, curtains, and washable rugs once a month.

2. Use allergy medicines and treatments. There are over-the-counter and prescription options to help you prevent or treat allergy symptoms.

• Nasal corticosteroid sprays
• Long-acting antihistamines
• Decongestants
• Cromolyn sodium
• Leukotriene receptor antagonists (or modifiers)

Some of these treatments work best if you start them a couple of weeks before your allergy season begins. Talk with your doctor before and after the start of any new medicine.

3. Rinse out your nose with a saline solution made with distilled water. A nasal rinse can help clear your sinuses and nose. This can help remove pollen and mucus. It may be best to do a nasal rinse before you use a medicine nasal spray. Rinse your nose with warm saline solution (salt water) using a Neti pot or a special rinse bottle.

4. Ask your doctor about immunotherapy. If you do not get complete relief from medicines, talk with your allergy doctor about immunotherapy. There are two types of immunotherapy: allergy shots and sublingual (under-the-tongue) immunotherapy.

For more tips, learn more about managing pollen allergies .

The 2024 Allergy Capitals report is an independent research project of the Asthma and Allergy Foundation of America and made possible by support from Bayer Claritin®.

AAFA thanks Pollen Sense, Komodo Health, and Circana for their support with data and report content.

The views and opinions expressed in this report are those of the AAFA authors and do not necessarily reflect the policies or positions of other individuals, sponsors, organizations, or companies.

How Can I Learn More About the Report?

The Allergy Capitals™ ranking is an annual research and education project from AAFA. We release the report to help people recognize, prevent, and safely treat allergy symptoms. Through this ranking, AAFA raises awareness about the impact of seasonal allergies. It provides helpful information that can improve the quality of life for people living with seasonal allergies. Visit allergycapitals.com to see the full list and to learn more about allergy diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. Join our online community where you can get support for asthma and allergies and stay up to date on news and research.

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Bogong Village upgrade set to ease seasonal worker housing shortage this winter

The tranquil Bogong Village, nestled above a lake in Victoria's High Country, has seen better days.

Cobwebs hang. Paint peels. Nature creeps in. 

But in just a few weeks, the village will embrace a new lease on life.

The cluster of simple wooden huts — built in the 1940s to house hundreds of workers constructing and operating the Kiewa Hydroelectric Scheme — has been given a thorough makeover after years of neglect.

It is a key player in Melbourne-based property company Grollo Group's move to plug a gaping housing hole in the alpine tourist market, which struggles every ski season to accommodate staff.

The company has spent $6 million renovating the village as part of a 73-year, sub-lease deal with AGL, which owns Bogong Village.  

By May, Bogong Village will once-again boast an operating tavern, 27 refurbished cabins, and a place for 200 winter workers to call home for the season.

The village has mostly been gutted and renovated from scratch since last spring, but it's a task that Grollo Group property director Martin Ansell said would be worth the seven-decade investment.

"We first arrived and the possums pretty much ruled the place," he said.

"Basically, there's been no maintenance done on these properties for five to six years."

The site is already mostly booked out for this year's ski season by workers who will service the popular Falls Creek snowfields, including hospitality and lift staff, cleaners, and maintenance teams.

Another 100 beds could be available at Bogong Village in the near future under plans to build more housing at the site. 

Mr Ansell said the project had support from nearby communities, such as the township of Mount Beauty, which struggled to meet housing demand for workers during the busy ski season.  

"These businesses aren't maximising their ability to make their returns because they're restricted with the their ability to be able to get staff and house them," he said.

Bogong Village has a long history of housing staff, and reminders of its previous residents can still be found.

Footprints of the European migrant community that once called the site home are still evident in the established foreign gardens thriving in the thick eucalyptus forest. 

Mr Ansell said it was important to give the village the fresh start it deserved, as Grollo Group looked to bring 1,500 new beds to market across Mount Buller, Bogong Village and Mt Hotham in the next three years.

"The whole community … are really positive now, it's just a matter of making the staff happy that they are living at Bogong," he said.

"We have got to make sure that we are doing it right this season, that the staff want to be here.

"We think, for the long term, it makes sense."

More than one village needed

Residents further down the mountain say it will take more than a single village to ease the region's housing stress.

Duane Gardiner, who owns The Park at Mount Beauty, said many local businesses sought staff accommodation at his caravan park, which was usually filled with tourists.

"People are willing to come to the area but there's no rentals, there's no blocks of land, so it's a really tough situation," Mr Gardiner said. 

He is considering restructuring his park to include some staff accommodation.

"That's something we have been working on the last couple of years — providing a couple of cabins that we can offer for full-time and seasonal staff," he said.

He said it was crucial for governments to work together to help unlock more land for development.

Mansfield navigating housing squeeze 

Mansfield, in the foothills of the Alps, is no stranger to housing stress, especially during winter.

To help uncover possible solutions, the Mansfield Shire Council has hosted a series of workshops involving landholders, banks, developers and planning teams.

It has also submitted nine applications to Regional Development Victoria for grants which could create up to 400 new housing options.

"The main challenge of keeping up with demand of an increasing population is to house our key workers," Mansfield Mayor Steve Rabie said.

The average rental price in the town is $540 per week, while the average home value is $845 000, pricing out many key workers.

"A lot of businesses are struggling to find key workers and have to close down their businesses during peak demand," he said. 

Councillor Rabie said the shire was unable to manage the problem alone, and he was hoping that federal and state government representatives would join the workshops.

"It's going to take quite some time for them to come up with a solution," he said.

Solutions being examined

As one strategy to help with housing pressures, the Victorian government has introduced laws that allow a small secondary building, such as a granny flat, to be built on land without the need for a planning permit.

But not all residents can benefit. 

Indigo Shire Council has received a steady stream of inquiries about the initiative, but warned many properties in rural areas would not meet the requirements of the new legislation, particularly in Indigo where there are a number of different property overlays.

"Towns like Beechworth and Yackandandah have lots of heritage overlays and, in those heritage overlays, you do need a planning permit for building and works, including for these small second dwellings," said Steven Hawkins from Indigo Shire Council's planning team. 

The Victorian government said it had rolled out a raft of measures to help ease housing stress, including a $150 million Regional Worker Accommodation Fund announced last year.

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3 ways to remove bitterness from garden eggs

African garden egg, also known as the African eggplant, is a type of eggplant that is widely consumed in many parts of West Africa.

It is small, usually white or green, and resembles a large egg in shape, which is likely how it got its name. Garden eggs are a staple in African diets and are valued for their ability to be incorporated into various dishes.

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However, Some garden eggs can be bitter, and reducing the bitterness from garden eggs, or figuring out which ones might be bitter before cooking, involves a few tips and techniques:

Selecting less bitter garden eggs

• Color and Size: Typically, younger, smaller garden eggs are less bitter than their larger, more mature counterparts. Opting for firm and vibrant colors (usually bright white or green) might help in choosing less bitter varieties.
• Skin Texture: Smooth-skinned garden eggs are often less bitter compared to those with wrinkles or blemishes.

Preparation techniques to reduce bitterness

• Salting: One common method to reduce bitterness is salting. Cut the garden eggs into slices or the desired shape and sprinkle them generously with salt. Let them sit for about 30 minutes to an hour. The salt helps draw out the bitter juices. Afterward, rinse the garden eggs thoroughly under cold water to remove the salt and the extracted bitter juices.
• Soaking in water: Soaking sliced garden eggs in salted water can also help reduce bitterness. This method is similar to salting but can be a bit milder on the vegetable's texture. After soaking for about 30 minutes, rinse the pieces before cooking.
• Blanching: Blanching involves boiling the garden eggs briefly and then plunging them into icy water. This can help reduce their bitterness and soften them slightly, making them easier to cook.

Cooking methods

• Combining with other flavors: Cooking garden eggs with strong flavors and spices can help mask residual bitterness. Ingredients like tomatoes, onions, garlic, and herbs can complement and offset the bitterness.

Using these tips can help you enjoy garden eggs in various dishes without a strong bitter taste.

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Gas prices are going back up: These states have seen the biggest increases lately

Motorists, get ready to pay more at the pump because gas prices are rising. The average price at the pump for US drivers has risen nearly 6.5% in the past month, from $3.39 to $3.61 per gallon.

Drivers are feeling the pain right now in many respects because gas prices were lower just a few months ago, according to data by the U.S Energy Information Administration (EIA) .

In December 2023, the average gas price was $3.15.

Fact check: No, study doesn't show electric cars pollute 1,850 times as much as gas cars

Why are gas prices going back up?

Spokesperson for AAA , Andrew Gross, told USA TODAY that the most recent price increase is no surprise.

Historically, gas prices typically increase in the transition from February to March. From 2021 to 2024, gas prices during these months have increased by as much as 71 cents.

“Gas prices move higher in the spring and summer every year. The nation makes the switch from cheaper winter blend gas to summer starting in March and April,” Gross said. “The better weather and longer days usually leads to more driving, pushing demand up.”

Which states have seen the biggest increases in gas prices?

In data collected by AAA in April, the non-profit organization showed which states have seen the greatest increases within their gas prices. The increase in calculated in cents:

• Indiana (+19)
• Arizona (+19)
• California (+17)
• New Mexico (+15)
• Alaska (+10)
• Kentucky (+10)
• Nevada, (+10)

Which states have the highest gas prices?

Gas prices have always been a conversation for many drivers, but Californians have the upper hand when discussing high gas prices. In June 2022, the Golden State drivers had to pay $6.29 per gallon at the pump, according to the EIA . Although Californians haven't seen those prices recently, the current price at the pump is $5.20, $1.59 higher than the national average.

Here is a list of the states with the highest gas prices:

When will gas prices go back down?

Even though drivers are experiencing high gas prices right now, Gross said these prices will most likely decrease as we approach the cooler months in 2024. As the months go from August to September, drivers can expect to see gas prices decrease between 10 to 20 cents.

Typically, gas prices increase during the warmer months because of the higher rates of travel. To accommodate these travelers, more supply is needed, Gross said.

“Prices will dip with the approach of fall, like they always do,” Gross said. “But keep an eye out for hurricane season, which is expanding and now stretches well into November. A storm hitting the Gulf Coast and damaging a large refinery could cause prices to spike regionally for a few weeks.”

Ahjané Forbes is a reporter on the National Trending Team at USA TODAY. Ahjané covers breaking news, car recalls, crime, health, lottery and public policy stories. Email her at  [email protected] . Follow her on  Instagram ,  Threads  and  X @forbesfineest.