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dfat travel advice iraq

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We continue to advise:

Do not travel to Iraq, including the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, due to the volatile security situation and the threat of terrorism, armed conflict, kidnapping and violent crime.

Iraq Map April 2023

Iraq (PDF 766.89 KB)

The Middle East (PDF 1.45 MB)

Local emergency contacts

Depending on what you need, contact your:

  • family and friends
  • travel agent
  • insurance provider

Your insurer should have a 24-hour emergency number.

Advice levels

Do not travel to Iraq, including the Kurdistan Region of Iraq.

Do not travel to Iraq, including the Kurdistan Region of Iraq, due to the volatile security situation and the threat of terrorism, armed conflict, kidnapping and violent crime.

See Safety .

  • The security situation in Iraq remains volatile, and there's a risk of violence, armed conflict, kidnapping and terrorist attacks. The security situation could deteriorate with little warning. You should leave immediately by commercial means if it's safe to do so.
  • If you decide to travel to or stay in Iraq, despite our advice, you should remain vigilant and have robust security arrangements and contingency plans in place. You should get professional security advice and keep up-to-date with the latest developments.
  • Large protests and political rallies occur regularly across Iraq. These can quickly turn violent. Avoid large public gatherings. If you're caught in an affected area, stay indoors. Follow the advice of local authorities or your security provider.
  • There's an ongoing threat to foreign interests. A US national was attacked and killed in November 2022.
  • Terrorist attacks can occur without warning. Avoid possible targets such as crowded places and public spaces, including markets, transport hubs, places of worship and government facilities. If you must visit them, always have an exit plan.
  • There's a high threat of kidnapping throughout the country. Terrorists and criminal gangs may kidnap expats working in Iraq. Academics, journalists and aid workers are at a higher risk. You should review your security arrangements regularly and carefully consider any travel plans.
  • Violent crime and corruption are common. Crime includes kidnapping, murder and robbery. Organised criminal gangs, militia and tribal groups are significant threats. If you decide to travel to or stay in Iraq, despite our advice, ensure your vehicle doors are locked and windows up. Secure your accommodation against intruders.
  • Be alert to scams. Scammers may claim to represent the Australian or Iraqi governments, or say they're Iraqi importers. Tell the  Australian Embassy in Baghdad  if you're contacted by people or websites claiming to represent the Australian Government. Contact the  Iraqi Embassy in Canberra  before making any payments to people claiming to be from the Iraqi Government. Get legal advice if an Iraqi importer contacts you or your company.

Full travel advice: Safety

  • Insect-borne diseases are common. Malaria is widespread in the southern province of Basra and areas below 1500m. Consider taking anti-malarial medicine if you're travelling to these areas. Ensure your accommodation is insect-proof. Use insect repellent.

HIV/AIDS is common. Take steps to reduce your risk of exposure to the virus.

  • Waterborne, foodborne and other infectious diseases are common. These include haemorrhagic fever, cholera, typhoid and hepatitis. Drink only boiled or bottled water. Avoid raw or undercooked food.
  • Iraq is no longer affected by wild poliovirus. However, the disease may still come in from nearby countries. Ensure your vaccinations are up to date before you travel.
  • Medical facilities in major cities are limited. In remote areas, they're very basic or not available. In case of a serious accident or illness, you may require a medical evacuation. Ensure you have adequate travel health insurance and accessible funds to cover the cost of any medical treatment and repatriation. Ensure your travel insurance covers you in Iraq. Some companies do not provide coverage when you are in a do not travel area.
  • The temperature in summer months can exceed 50°C (122°F), which can result in dehydration and serious health problems.

Full travel advice:  Health

  • Iraq is a predominantly Muslim country, which is reflected in its laws. Many laws in Iraq are different to those in Australia. Ensure you always respect local traditions, customs, laws and religious customs. Especially during the holy month of Ramadan, when eating, drinking or smoking in public during daylight hours is illegal, or when visiting places of religious significance.
  • It's illegal to preach anywhere except in a place of worship. It's also illegal to try to convert a Muslim or for Muslims to abandon their faith. 
  • There are severe penalties, including the death penalty, for murder, treason, drug offences, kidnapping, smuggling antiquities, espionage and terrorism.
  • It's illegal to photograph or film government buildings, checkpoints, military bases and embassies. Get approval if you want to film in a public place. Journalists lacking appropriate approvals have been arrested.
  • Iraq has banned the import, manufacture, and selling of alcoholic beverages of all types, punishable by fines of up to IQD 25 million. Customs officers may also confiscate prohibited goods or items deemed a threat to the peace, security, health, environment, or social order of Iraq.

Full travel advice:  Local laws

  • If you're in Iraq despite our advice, leave as soon as you can.
  • If you intend to travel to Iraq despite our advice, you may be eligible for a visa on arrival. Fees apply. Contact an  Iraqi embassy or consulate  for details. In the current environment, if you travel to Iraq or stay in Iraq despite our advice, it may not be possible to return to Australia when you want to.
  • You'll require a visa to travel to the Kurdistan Region of Iraq. You can apply for an e-visa online before arrival on the e-visa portal of the Kurdistan Region Government. It's also possible to obtain a visa on arrival. This visa is valid for travel in Kurdistan only. If you plan to travel outside of Kurdistan to other regions of Iraq, you must obtain an Iraqi visa before travelling to Iraq.
  • Iraq has banned the import, manufacture and selling of alcoholic beverages of all types, punishable by fines of up to IQD 25m. Customs officers may also confiscate prohibited goods or items deemed a threat to Iraq's peace, security, health, environment, or social order.
  • Entry and exit conditions can change at short notice. Check requirements with your airline before you travel.
  • There are security checkpoints throughout Iraq. Follow the instructions of officials at checkpoints. Criminals and terrorists have used false security checkpoints to stage kidnappings, robberies and murders or launch attacks.
  • Road travel is dangerous. Risks include roadside bombs, attacks at checkpoints and robberies. If you need to travel by road, get professional security advice from a reputable company.

Full travel advice:  Travel

Local contacts

  • The Consular Services Charter details what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.
  • Our ability to provide consular services in Iraq is extremely limited.
  • The Australian Embassy in Baghdad provides limited consular services by appointment only. Visit the Australian Embassy website for the latest information on consular and passport services.

Full travel advice: Local contacts

Full advice

The security situation in Iraq is unstable and could deteriorate with little warning.

You should leave immediately by commercial means if it's safe to do so. If there are no commercial options for leaving Iraq, the Australian Government can't help you leave.

Curfews and other security conditions can change at short notice.

If, despite our advice, you travel to or stay in Iraq:

  • get professional security advice and regularly review your security measures
  • have contingency plans
  • never visit areas of military activity, including border areas
  • obey restrictions set by local authorities
  • monitor the media for new safety or security threats
  • always be alert to your surroundings

Australian officials have adopted enhanced security measures.

There's a risk of terrorist attacks in Iraq. Terrorist attacks occur without warning and are more frequent in areas where Daesh had a strong presence, including: 

  • Salah ah-Din

Armed opposition groups are active throughout Iraq. They have conducted major coordinated attacks against the Government of Iraq and civilians.

Attacks using Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) occur throughout Iraq, including in certain parts of Baghdad.

Attacks can occur at any time, but there's an increased risk during religious events, including Ramadan, Ashura and Arba'een. Attacks may also occur during political events, including international meetings, conferences or political rallies.

Targets for terrorist attacks include:

  • Iraqi security forces
  • government facilities
  • checkpoints
  • police stations
  • recruiting centres
  • military establishments

Terrorists may also target:

  • Baghdad International Airport (BIAP)
  • International Zone
  • public transport (and hubs)
  • mosques and churches
  • markets, schools and universities
  • funerals and religious gatherings
  • foreign embassies
  • other civilian infrastructure

The International Zone in Baghdad and BIAP are regularly targeted by rocket attacks and drones.

Avoid possible targets. If you must visit them, always have an exit plan. 

Iraqi security forces often conduct security operations across the country with little warning.

There has also been fighting between armed groups and Peshmerga forces in the Kurdistan region. 

A number of areas in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq remain susceptible to sporadic attack by artillery, drones and rockets.

Terrorism is a threat worldwide.

More information:

  • Terrorist threats

There's a high, ongoing threat of kidnapping throughout Iraq.

Sources report that terrorists and criminal groups continue to look for opportunities to kidnap Westerners throughout Iraq. Kidnappers have targeted:

  • journalists
  • people working for NGOs
  • people working for foreign companies

Criminal gangs and terrorists demand large ransoms for releasing hostages. Ransom payments to terrorist groups are likely to breach Australian anti-terrorism financing laws.

The Australian Government's longstanding policy is that it doesn't make payments or concessions to kidnappers.

Regularly re-assess your security arrangements and carefully consider any travel. Close protection security is important, but it does not completely protect you.

Civil unrest and political tension

Demonstrations and protests.

Political rallies and protests often happen in Baghdad and other regions of Iraq.

Large crowds can quickly gather and turn violent. Avoid large public gatherings. Security restrictions, including curfews and interruption to internet and social media service, may occur with little notice.

If, despite our advice, you travel to or stay in Iraq, monitor the media and other sources about possible unrest.

In Baghdad, most rallies and protests are held in Tahrir Square, near the entrance to the former International Zone or government buildings.

There have previously been violent clashes in and around the International Zone in Baghdad as well as other governorates of Iraq.

  • On 29 August 2022, protesters entered the Government Palace and other government buildings in and around the International Green Zone in Baghdad, resulting in violent clashes.

Protests can occur in areas in the Kurdistan Region of Iraq due to regional tensions.

If you're in an affected area, stay indoors and follow the advice of local authorities or your security provider.

The security situation throughout Iraq remains volatile. Follow the advice of local authorities and monitor the media for updates.

Demonstrations and civil unrest

Violent crime

Violent crime and corruption are common. Kidnappings, murders and robberies occur.

Organised criminal gangs, militia and tribal groups are significant threats.

If, despite our advice, you travel to Iraq:

  • travel with your vehicle's doors locked and windows up, even when moving
  • secure your accommodation, including when you're inside

Scams and fraud

Some fraudulent websites and Facebook accounts in the past claimed to represent the Australian Government in Iraq. They approached local businesses for tender opportunities or individuals for visa application.

Tell the Australian Embassy in Baghdad if you're contacted by fake sites.

Some Australian businesses have been contacted by companies claiming to be Iraqi importers. They offer to do business in unusual or suspicious ways. Scammers may have knowledge of the industry and appear legitimate.

Get legal advice if you or your company is contacted.

Australian companies have been contacted by people claiming to represent the Government of Iraq. They are looking for payments associated with recently won contracts.

Get advice from the Embassy of the Republic of Iraq in Canberra before making any payments.

Some individuals offer to produce Iraqi identification cards. These cards are not accepted by local authorities and, if used, you could be arrested. Only obtain identification cards from relevant Iraqi authorities.

People claiming to represent the Australian Government have contacted some individuals to offer visas. To protect yourself from visa scams, you should only deal with official Australian Government channels such as the departmental website, Australian Visa Application Centres, or the Australian High Commission or Embassy in your country. Visit the Australian Government's  Visa Scams page for tips on identifying scams.

Cyber security 

You may be at risk of cyber-based threats during overseas travel to any country. Digital identity theft is a growing concern. Your devices and personal data can be compromised, especially if you’re connecting to Wi-Fi, using or connecting to shared or public computers, or to Bluetooth.

Social media can also be risky in destinations where there are social or political tensions, or laws that may seem unreasonable by Australian standards. Travellers have been arrested for things they have said on social media. Don't comment on local or political events on your social media.

Cyber security when travelling overseas

Climate and natural disasters

Iraq can experience  severe weather  and is in an active earthquake  zone.

Sandstorms and dust storms are common during the spring and summer months. Where possible, you should remain inside during severe storms, and seek medical advice if you have breathing difficulties. Flights can also be delayed or cancelled at short notice during severe storms.

From July to September, daytime temperatures can be over 50°C.

If, despite our advice, you travel to or stay in Iraq and there's a natural disaster:

  • secure your passport in a safe location
  • monitor local media and the Global Disaster Alert and Coordination System
  • follow the advice of local authorities
  • stay in touch with friends and family

The Government of Iraq has improved the structural integrity of Mosul Dam. However, a dam failure would cause significant flooding from Mosul to Baghdad. It could interrupt essential services. A failure of the Mosul Dam cannot be predicted.

If, despite our advice, you travel to or stay in Iraq and you're in an area near the Tigris River, including Baghdad:

  • monitor local media reports
  • have a contingency plan that covers evacuation

The Australian Government can't help you if commercial flights and other transport options aren't available.

If the Mosul Dam fails:

  • secure your passport in a safe, waterproof location

Travel insurance

Get comprehensive travel insurance before you leave.

Your policy needs to cover all overseas medical costs, including medical evacuation. The Australian Government won't pay for these costs.

You'll probably need a special insurance policy that covers travel to high-risk destinations. Most Australian policies won't cover you for travel to Iraq.

If you can't afford travel insurance, you can't afford to travel. This applies to everyone, no matter how healthy and fit you are.

If you're not insured, you may have to pay many thousands of dollars up-front for medical care.

  • what activities and care your policy covers
  • that your insurance covers you for the whole time you'll be away.

Physical and mental health

Consider your physical and mental health before you travel, especially if you have an existing medical condition.

See your doctor or travel clinic to:

  • have a basic health check-up   
  • ask if your travel plans may affect your health
  • plan any vaccinations you need.

Do this at least 8 weeks before you leave.

If you have immediate concerns for your welfare, or the welfare of another Australian, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on +61 2 6261 3305 or contact your  nearest Australian Embassy, High Commission or Consulate  to discuss counselling hotlines and services available in your location .’

  • General health advice
  • Healthy holiday tips  (Healthdirect Australia)

Medications

Not all medication available over the counter or by prescription in Australia is available in other countries. Some may even be considered illegal or a controlled substance, even if prescribed by an Australian doctor.

If you plan to bring medication, check if it's legal in Iraq. Take enough legal medicine for your trip.

Carry a copy of your prescription and a letter from your doctor stating:

  • what the medication is
  • your required dosage
  • that it's for personal use only

Health risks

Insect-borne diseases.

Insect-borne diseases are common.

Malaria is widespread in the southern province of Basrah and areas below 1500m. This includes the northern provinces of:

  • Sulaymaniyah

Other diseases caused by insect bites in some regions of Iraq include:

  • Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
  • cutaneous and mucosal leishmaniasis

To reduce your risks from disease:

  • make sure your accommodation is insect-proof
  • always insect repellent
  • wear long, loose, light-coloured clothing

Consider taking medicine to prevent malaria.

Get medical advice if you have a fever, muscle pain, rash or severe headache.

Bird flu (avian influenza)

The World Health Organization has confirmed human cases of bird flu in Iraq.

Other health risks

Waterborne, foodborne and other infectious diseases happen. These include:

  • haemorrhagic fever
  • tuberculosis

Serious outbreaks sometimes occur.

To protect yourself from illness and disease:

  • drink boiled or bottled water
  • avoid ice cubes
  • don't eat raw and undercooked food, such as salads
  • avoid contact with dogs and other mammals

If an animal bites or scratches you, get medical help straight away.

Get medical advice if you have a fever or diarrhoea.

Iraq is no longer affected by wild poliovirus. However, it's still at risk from international spread of the disease.

Stay up to date with vaccinations against polio (poliomyelitis) . Get a booster dose before you travel.

Medical care

Medical facilities in major cities are limited. In remote areas, they're very basic or not available. Stocks of medical equipment and medicines are severely depleted.

If you become seriously ill or injured, you may need to be evacuated.

Medical evacuation is very expensive and may be difficult to arrange because of the security situation.

You're subject to all local laws and penalties, including those that may appear harsh by Australian standards. Research local laws before travelling.

If you're arrested or jailed, the Australian Government will do what it can to help you under our Consular Services Charter . But we can't get you out of trouble or out of jail.

Penalties for drug offences are severe. They include long jail terms and the death penalty.

Carrying or using drugs

Death penalty

Iraq applies the death penalty for a range of crimes, including for murder, espionage, rape, kidnapping, terrorism, war crimes, smuggling antiquities and drug trafficking.

On 20 February 2023, the Iraqi national gazette published the new Municipalities Income law, which includes a provision prohibiting the import, manufacture, and selling of alcoholic beverages of all sorts, punishable by fines of up to IQD 25m. Customs officers may also confiscate prohibited goods or items deemed a threat to the peace, security, health, environment, or social order of Iraq.

Get professional advice for local legal matters. Know your rights and responsibilities, especially in family law, such as:

  • child custody
  • child support

It's illegal to:

  • take antiques or artefacts out of the country
  • preach anywhere except in a place of worship
  • attempt to convert a Muslim
  • abandon the Islamic faith if you're Muslim

Unauthorised filming in a public place is against the law. Authorities have arrested several foreign journalists for filming without approval.

It's also illegal to take photos or film government and security buildings, including:

  • military bases

Although the laws of Iraq do not prohibit consensual sexual acts between people of the same sex, these acts could be illegal under other provisions of the law, such as public indecency.  Homosexuality is not socially accepted and l ocal attitudes towards LGBTI people may be hostile. There are no legal protections against discrimination. Violence against LGBTI people occur.

Local laws can change without notice. Check legal requirements with an embassy or consulate of Iraq .

  • LGBTI travellers

Australian laws

Some Australian criminal laws still apply when you're overseas. If you break these laws, you may face prosecution in Australia.

  • National security
  • Staying within the law and respecting customs
  • Forced marriage

Dual citizenship

Iraq recognises dual nationality.

If a dual-national child has an Iraqi father and the child wants to leave the country, you may need to provide proof of the father's permission.

Dual nationals

Local customs

Hotels may not allow couples to stay unless they can provide proof that they're married.

The holy month of Ramadan  is observed in Iraq. Respect religious and cultural customs and laws at this time. 

During Ramadan, eating, drinking and smoking is illegal in public during the day. If you're not fasting, avoid these activities around people who are.

Explore our Ramadan page to learn more, including dates for Ramadan.

Visas and border measures

Every country or territory decides who can enter or leave through its borders. For specific information about the evidence you'll need to enter a foreign destination, check with the nearest embassy, consulate or immigration department of the destination you're entering. 

If you travel to Iraq despite our advice, you may be eligible for either a 30-day visa on arrival (Visitor) or a 60-day visa on arrival (Regular), if you're travelling on an ordinary passport. Different rules apply for official and diplomatic passport holders. Visa fees apply.

Authorities may refuse entry to Iraq if your passport contains Israeli stamps or visas.

From 1 March 2023, people travelling to the Kurdistan Region of Iraq will require a visa. You can find details and apply on the e-visa portal of the Kurdistan Regional Government. If you arrive in Kurdistan without a visa you can apply online using the e-visa portal or obtain a visa on arrival. These visas are valid for travel in the KRI only. If you plan to travel outside of Kurdistan to other regions of Iraq, you must obtain an Iraqi visa before travelling to Iraq.

Ensure you understand the conditions of your visa, especially if you are travelling as a member of a group.

Entry and exit conditions can change at short notice. For details about visas, currency, customs and quarantine rules, contact either:

  • an embassy or consulate of Iraq , or
  • the Iraqi Ministry of Interior (Arabic)

If you're in Iraq, you should leave as soon as you're able to do so. If you travel to Iraq despite our advice, contact your travel provider or the nearest  embassy or consulate of Iraq  for the latest information on entry requirements prior to departure.

Other formalities

For a child travelling without a parent, the guardian must carry documentation saying that the child's parents allow the travel.

An Australian-Iraqi dual national child with an Iraqi father may need to obtain permission from the child's father before authorities will let the child leave Iraq.

Land borders

If despite our advice, you travel to border areas note that border crossings can close with little or no warning.

Sensitive border areas, especially with Syria and Türkiye ,  are military targets.

Checkpoints

Security checkpoints are stationed throughout Iraq. 

At these checkpoints:

  • follow the instructions of local authorities
  • exercise extreme caution

Criminals and terrorists have used false security checkpoints to:

  • stage kidnappings, robberies and murders
  • launch attacks

Some countries won't let you enter unless your passport is valid for at least 6 months after you plan to leave that country. This can apply even if you're just transiting or stopping over.

Some foreign governments and airlines apply the rule inconsistently. Travellers can receive conflicting advice from different sources.

You can end up stranded if your passport is not valid for more than 6 months.

The Australian Government does not set these rules. Check your passport's expiry date before you travel. If you're not sure it'll be valid for long enough, consider getting a new passport .

Lost or stolen passport

Your passport is a valuable document. It's attractive to people who want to use your identity to commit crimes. Always keep it in a safe place.

Some people may try to trick you into giving them your passport.

If your passport is lost or stolen, tell the Australian Government as soon as possible:

  • In Australia, contact the Australian Passport Information Service .
  • If you're overseas, contact the nearest Australian embassy or consulate .

Passport with ‘X’ gender identifier

Although Australian passports comply with international standards for sex and gender, we can’t guarantee that a passport showing 'X' in the sex field will be accepted for entry or transit by another country. Contact the nearest  embassy, high commission or consulate of your destination  before you arrive at the border to confirm if authorities will accept passports with 'X' gender markers.

The local currency is the Iraqi Dinar (IQD).

On exit and entry you must declare all amounts in excess of IQD200,000, US$10,000, or the same value in other foreign currencies. Gems, jewellery or other items valued at US$10,000 or more must also be declared.

US dollars and euros are the easiest foreign currencies to exchange at local commercial banks and exchange bureaus.

Local travel

Road travel.

Road travel is dangerous.

Dangers include:

  • roadside bombs
  • attacks at checkpoints
  • drivers not following road rules
  • poor driving

Drink driving is illegal. See Local laws

If, despite our advice, you need to travel by road, first:

  • get professional security advice from a company with a good reputation
  • arrange personal security measures
  • make contingency plans
  • get local advice on possible routes

Driving or riding

Airport closures or flight suspensions may happen. Double-check your flight arrangements before travelling to the airport.

In the past, some airlines have suspended flights to and from Erbil and Sulaymaniyah International Airports due to political tensions.

Aviation safety and security standards may not meet those set by the International Civil Aviation Organization.

DFAT doesn't provide information on the safety of individual commercial airlines or flight paths.

Check Iraq's air safety profile  with the Aviation Safety Network.

Emergencies

Consular contacts.

Read the Consular Services Charter for what the Australian Government can and can't do to help you overseas.

Australian Embassy, Baghdad

Consular services are severely limited due to the security situation.

The Australian Embassy  provides limited consular services by appointment only.

Visit the embassy website to make an appointment.

24-hour Consular Emergency Centre

In a consular emergency, if you can't contact an embassy, call the 24-hour Consular Emergency Centre on:

  • +61 2 6261 3305 from overseas
  • 1300 555 135 in Australia

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The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Ireland

  • Our Ministers

Please be advised that the Department of Foreign Affairs’ Travel Advice is now available at Ireland.ie/travel. Travel Advice on this webpage is no longer being updated. To ensure you receive the latest Travel Advice for Iraq , please see Ireland.ie .

If you’re travelling to Iraq, our travel advice and updates give you practical tips and useful information.

Security Status

  • Normal precautions
  • High degree of caution
  • Avoid non-essential travel
  • Do not travel

Safety and Security

Local laws and customs, additional information, embassy contact.

Do Not Travel

General Travel Advice

The Department of Foreign Affairs strongly advises against all travel to Iraq at this time due to the extremely dangerous security situation in all parts of the country and the very high threat of terrorist attacks.

Irish citizens who are currently in Iraq are advised to leave immediately.

Citizens who consider their presence in Iraq to be absolutely essential, should have adequate and continuous professional security arrangements in place and ensure they are regularly reviewed.

We advise Irish citizens who remain in Iraq  to register  with the Embassy of Ireland in Jordan if they have not already done so.

Irish citizens require a visa to enter Iraq. A valid passport is required for travel to Iraq. Passport cards cannot be used.

Irish citizens in Iraq are advised to follow the guidance of national and local authorities and stay fully informed of what's going on by monitoring local news and social media.

Citizens can also follow the  Irish Embassy in Jordan on social media (Twitter @irlembjordan  and  Facebook ) to ensure access to relevant updates and alerts.

Emergency Assistance

There is no Irish Embassy or Consulate in Iraq, which limits our capacity to respond. However, where emergency consular assistance is required for Irish citizens, you can contact the  Irish Embassy in Jordan .

The Embassy can be contacted at the following number: +962 6 590 3200. For out of hours emergencies only, contact +962 799732370.

Alternatively, you can contact the Duty Officer at the Department of Foreign Affairs in Dublin at: +353 1 408 2000.

Our tips for Safe Travels:

  • Get comprehensive travel insurance that covers all your planned activities.
  • Register  your details with us so that we can contact you quickly if there’s an unforeseen crisis like a natural disaster or a family emergency.
  • Follow us on twitter  @dfatravelwise  for the latest travel updates.
  • Read our  ‘Know Before You Go’  guide.

Safety and security

The security situation in Iraq is extremely dangerous and there is a very high threat of terrorist attacks. 

Terrorists and anti-government forces have carried out numerous attacks against places frequented by foreigners, such as hotels and restaurants. There have been attacks on international organisations, including the International Committee of the Red Cross, the UN and non-government organisations (NGOs).

The threat of kidnap of foreign nationals across Iraq remains very high. People have been kidnapped at their homes, work and in transit. Kidnappers don’t discriminate between nationalities or religions. Those kidnapped include individuals who had security arrangements in place and some of those kidnapped have been killed.

Local laws and customs

Remember, the local laws apply to you as a visitor and it is your responsibility to follow them. Be sensitive to local customs, traditions and practices as your behaviour may be seen as improper, hostile or may even be illegal. 

Polio vaccination is recommended for all travellers from Ireland to countries where polio transmission is a risk. Before travelling to areas where poliomyelitis cases are still occurring, travellers should ensure that they have completed the recommended age-appropriate polio vaccine schedule and have received a booster dose, if necessary. More information is available on the  Health Protection and Surveillance Centre website .

Additional information

Entry requirements (visa/passport).

If you are unsure of the entry requirements for Iraq, including visa and other immigration information, ask your travel agent or contact the nearest Embassy or Consulate of Iraq.

You can also check with them how long your passport must be valid for.

Embassy contact

There is no Irish Embassy or Consulate in Iraq, which limits our capacity to respond. Where emergency consular assistance is required for Irish citizens outside of opening hours, please contact the Embassy of Ireland in Jordan. Alternatively, you can contact the Duty Officer at the Department of Foreign Affairs in Dublin at: +353 1 408 2000.

Embassy of Ireland Bashir Kheir Street 12 Abdoun Amman Jordan

Tel: +962 6 590 3200

Embassy opening hours: Sunday to Thursday 09:00-13.00

iraq-flag

Get travel and medical insurance

Before travelling, the Department  strongly recommends  that you obtain comprehensive travel insurance which will cover all overseas medical costs, including medical repatriation/evacuation, repatriation of remains and legal costs. You should check any exclusions and, in particular, that your policy covers you for the activities you want to undertake.

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Contacting us

Contact our Embassy in Amman for assistance

Related links

Know Before You Go

Assistance abroad

The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Ireland

  • Our Ministers

Please be advised that the Department of Foreign Affairs’ Travel Advice is now available at Ireland.ie/travel . Travel Advice on this webpage is no longer being updated.

Travel Advice

Our travel advice helps you to make informed decisions when you’re planning a trip overseas and offers you an objective assessment of the risks you could face.

Travel Advice by Destination

Quick links to most popular destinations:

  • Afghanistan
  • Antigua & Barbuda
  • Bosnia & Herzegovina
  • Burkina Faso
  • Cayman Islands
  • Central African Republic
  • China - Hong Kong / Macau
  • Congo, Democratic Republic of (DRC)
  • Cook Islands
  • Czech Republic
  • Dominican Republic
  • El Salvador
  • Equatorial Guinea
  • Faroe Islands
  • Federated States of Micronesia
  • French Guiana
  • Gambia, Republic of The
  • Great Britain
  • Guinea-Bissau
  • Israel and the Occupied Territories
  • Ivory Coast
  • Korea, Democratic Republic of (North Korea)
  • Korea, Republic of (South Korea)
  • Liechtenstein
  • Marshall Islands
  • Myanmar/Burma
  • The Netherlands
  • New Zealand
  • North Macedonia, Republic of
  • Papua New Guinea
  • Philippines
  • Puerto Rico
  • Russian Federation
  • Saint Kitts and Nevis
  • Saint Lucia
  • Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
  • Sao Tome and Principe
  • Saudi Arabia
  • Sierra Leone
  • Solomon Islands
  • South Africa
  • South Sudan
  • Switzerland
  • Timor Leste
  • Trinidad and Tobago
  • Türkiye (Turkey)
  • Turkmenistan
  • Turks & Caicos Islands
  • United Arab Emirates
  • United States of America (USA)
  • Virgin Islands (UK)
  • Virgin Islands (US)

Our sources

We use the best information available to us, including reports from:

  • Irish Embassies and Consulates abroad
  • Advice issued by other countries including EU Member States

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Travel Advisory October 22, 2023

Iraq - level 4: do not travel.

Updated to reflect the ordered departure of non-emergency U.S. government personnel and eligible family members.

Do not travel to Iraq due to terrorism, kidnapping, armed conflict, civil unrest, and Mission Iraq’s limited capacity to provide support to U.S. citizens.

On October 20, 2023, the Department ordered the departure of eligible family members and non-emergency U.S. government personnel from U.S. Embassy Baghdad and U.S. Consulate General Erbil due to increased security threats against U.S. government personnel and interests.

Country Summary: U.S. citizens in Iraq face high risks to their safety and security, including the potential for violence and kidnapping. Terrorist and insurgent groups regularly attack Iraqi security forces and civilians. Anti-U.S. militias threaten U.S. citizens and international companies throughout Iraq. Attacks using improvised explosive devices, indirect fire, and unmanned aerial vehicles occur in many areas of the country, including Baghdad and other major cities. In an emergency, consular services to U.S. citizens in Iraq are limited due to severe restrictions on the movements of U.S. government personnel.

Demonstrations, protests, and strikes occur frequently throughout the country.  These events can develop quickly without prior notice, often interrupting traffic, transportation, and other services, and sometimes turning violent.

Do not travel near Iraq’s northern borders due to the continued threat of attacks by terrorist groups, armed conflict, aerial bombardment, and civil unrest.  U.S. citizens should especially avoid areas near armed groups in northern Iraq, which have been targeted with aerial strikes by neighboring countries’ militaries.

U.S. citizens should not travel through Iraq to engage in armed conflict in Syria, where they would face extreme personal risks (kidnapping, injury, or death) and legal risks (arrest, fines, and expulsion). The Kurdistan Regional Government in Iraq has stated that it will impose prison sentences of up to ten years on individuals who illegally cross the Iraq-Syria border. Additionally, fighting on behalf of or supporting designated terrorist organizations is a crime under U.S. law that can result in prison sentences and large fines in the United States.

Because of security concerns, U.S. government personnel in Baghdad are instructed not to use Baghdad International Airport. Due to risks to civil aviation operating in the Baghdad Flight Information Region, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has extended for an additional two years its Special Federal Aviation Regulation (SFAR) prohibiting certain flights at altitudes below 32,000 feet. For more information, U.S. citizens should consult the Federal Aviation Administration’s Prohibitions, Restrictions, and Notices.

Read the country information page for additional information on travel to Iraq.

If you decide to travel to Iraq:

  • Establish your own personal security plan in coordination with your employer or host organization or consider consulting with a professional security organization.
  • Draft a will and designate appropriate insurance beneficiaries and/or power of attorney.
  • Discuss a plan with loved ones regarding care/custody of children, pets, property, belongings, non-liquid assets (collections, artwork, etc.), funeral wishes, etc.
  • Share important documents, login information, and points of contact with loved ones so that they can manage your affairs if you are unable to return as planned to the United States.
  • Visit our website for Travel to High-Risk Areas .
  • Enroll in the Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP) to receive alerts and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
  • Follow the Department of State on Facebook and Twitter .
  • Review the Country Security Report for Iraq.
  • Visit the CDC website for the latest Travel Health Information related to your travel.
  • Prepare a contingency plan for emergency situations. Review the Traveler’s Checklist

Embassy Messages

View Alerts and Messages Archive

Quick Facts

Embassies and consulates.

U.S. Embassy Baghdad Al-Kindi Street International Zone Baghdad, Iraq

Business Hours: 8:00am to 5:00pm, Sunday through Thursday Telephone: From Iraq and outside the United States:  +964-760-030-3000 From the United States:  +1-301-985-8841 U.S. Citizen Emergency Telephone (After-Hours, Friday, Saturday & Holidays): Call and ask to speak with the Duty Officer Email:  [email protected]

U.S. Consulate General Erbil 413 Ishtar, Ankawa Erbil, Iraq Business Hours: 8:00am to 5:00pm, Sunday through Thursday Telephone: From Iraq and outside the United States:  +964-66-211-4000 From the United States:  +1-240-264-3467extension 4554 U.S. Citizen Emergency Telephone (After-Hours, Friday, Saturday & Holidays): Call and ask to speak with the Duty Officer E-mail:   [email protected]

Destination Description

Learn about the U.S. relationship to countries around the world.

Entry, Exit and Visa Requirements

Iraq has a strict entry and exit system.  Visa requirements vary depending on the traveler’s citizenship, Iraqi ancestry, purpose of travel, and duration of stay.  Visas on arrival are available for U.S. citizen tourists at airports in Iraq, including Erbil International Airport.  Travelers to Iraq should not depart Iraq without ensuring they receive an exit stamp in their passport. 

Residency stamps and blood tests may be required for long-term residents and those who plan to seek employment.  Iraq imposes penalties, such as fines, detention, or deportation, for violations of Iraqi immigration policies, including overstays or working without authorization.  

The possession of weapons and movements through checkpoints are strictly regulated.  U.S. citizens traveling to Iraq without authorization to possess weapons, or those who travel through checkpoints without proper documents or a clear purpose of travel, may be detained by authorities.

All travelers should visit the Embassy of Iraq’s website at  https://www.iraqiembassy.us/page/visas-to-iraq/ for visa and other relevant travel information. 

HIV/AIDS:   Iraq imposed HIV/AIDS-related travel restrictions on all visitors and new residents.  Travelers with HIV/AIDS should verify their eligibility to travel to Iraq with the  Embassy of Iraq  before travelling.

Find information on our website about  dual nationality ,  prevention of international child abduction , and  customs regulations .

Safety and Security

Terrorism: Terrorist groups and those inspired by such organizations are intent on attacking U.S. citizens abroad. Terrorists increasingly use less-sophisticated methods of attack – including knives, firearms, and vehicles – to target crowds at venues such as:

  • High-profile public events (sporting contests, political rallies, demonstrations, holiday events, celebratory gatherings, etc.)
  • Hotels, clubs, and restaurants frequented by tourists
  • Places of worship
  • Shopping malls and markets
  • Public transportation systems, including subways, buses, trains, and scheduled commercial flights.

Islamic State in Iraq and Syria, also known as ISIS, ISIL or Da’esh, is a designated terrorist organization, which is active in Syria and near the Iraq border. ISIS and its associated terrorist groups indiscriminately commit attacks and violent atrocities in Iraq despite improved Iraqi government control. ISIS, militia groups, and criminal gangs target U.S. citizens for attacks and hostage-taking.

Iraq’s northern borders are especially dangerous due to the continued threat of attacks by terrorist groups, armed conflict, aerial bombardment, and civil unrest.  U.S. citizens should especially avoid areas near armed groups in northern Iraq, which have been targeted with aerial strikes by neighboring countries’ militaries.

Due to security and safety threats, U.S. government personnel in Iraq live and work under strict security guidelines, which limit their movements and interactions.

Crime:   Carjacking is common, even during daylight hours, and particularly on the highways from Jordan and Kuwait to Baghdad.  Kidnappings of foreigners, Iraqi citizens, and dual U.S.-Iraqi citizens can occur for ransom or political/religious reasons.  Many hostages have been killed.  The murder rate remains high due to terrorism, tribal and family disputes, and religious/sectarian tensions.  Sexual assault and domestic violence are common.  Petty theft is common in Iraq, including pickpocketing and theft of valuables from hotel rooms and private residences.

Demonstrations  occur frequently.  They may take place in response to political or economic issues, on politically significant holidays, and during international events.

  • Even demonstrations intended to be peaceful can turn confrontational and possibly become violent.
  • Avoid areas around protests and demonstrations.
  • Check local media for updates and traffic advisories.

International financial and romance scams can be connected to Iraq.  See the  Department of State  and the  FBI webpages  for information.

Women Travelers:  Female U.S. citizens have been subject to threats, kidnappings, abuse, and extortion by their family, including loss of custody of children or forced marriage.  U.S. laws do not protect U.S. citizens when they are outside of the United States.  The Iraqi police and legal system may offer little protection.  See our travel tips for Women Travelers .     

Victims of Crime:   Report crimes, fires, and accidents to local authorities by dialing 104 (Police), 115 (Fire), 112 (National Emergency Hotline), or 139 (sexual assault and domestic violence).  Local authorities are responsible for investigating and prosecuting crimes.  They speak Arabic.  U.S. citizen victims may contact the U.S. Embassy for assistance at +964-760-030-3000.  We can:

  • Help you find appropriate medical care
  • Assist you in reporting a crime to the police
  • Contact relatives or friends with your written consent
  • Provide general information regarding the victim’s role during the local investigation and following its conclusion
  • Provide a list of local attorneys
  • Provide information on victim’s compensation programs in the United States

Domestic Violence:   U.S. citizen victims of domestic violence in Iraq are encouraged to contact the Embassy for assistance.

Tourism:  Tourists participate in activities at their own risk.  Emergency response and subsequent appropriate medical treatment may not be available in-country.  U.S. citizens are encouraged to purchase medical evacuation insurance.  See our website for information on insurance providers for overseas coverage.

Local Laws & Special Circumstances

Criminal Penalties:  You are subject to local laws. If you violate local laws, even unknowingly, you may be expelled, arrested, or imprisoned. Furthermore, some laws are prosecutable in the United States, regardless of local law. For examples, see our website on  crimes against minors abroad  and the  Department of Justice  website.

Arrest   Notification:  If you are arrested or detained, ask police or prison officials to notify the U.S. Embassy immediately. See our  webpage  for further information.

Property Disputes : Land disputes are common in Iraq and are often difficult to resolve through legal channels. The U.S. Embassy cannot take sides in a legal dispute. Those involved in a court dispute risk having cases filed against them, arrest, and being jailed.

Special Circumstances:

Iraq has serious deficiencies in public services. Electricity often fails. Fire and rescue services are inadequate, and hotels may not be equipped with fire safety equipment. Landline telephone service is limited; while cellular service reliability varies by region. The banking and financial infrastructure is underdeveloped. Transactions are largely cash-based. Hotels usually require payment in foreign currency. Automatic Teller Machines (ATMs) are rare.

Customs officers have broad authority to search persons or vehicles at Iraqi ports of entry. Officers may confiscate any goods deemed a threat to the peace, security, health, environment, or social order of Iraq. Antiquities, cultural and undeclared items for export may be confiscated. Visitors may be ordered to return such goods, at their expense, to the jurisdiction from which they came.

Counterfeit and Pirated Goods : Possession of counterfeit goods may be confiscated or fined. See the U.S. Department of Justice website for more information.

Dangers of Proselytizing:   While proselytizing is not considered a criminal offense under Iraqi law, it may expose you to danger.  Iraq is a predominantly Muslim country, and individuals visiting for the purpose of spreading other faiths have been targeted and attacked by armed groups.

Faith-Based Travelers:  See the following webpages for details:

  • Faith-Based Travel Information
  • International Religious Freedom Report – see country reports
  • Human Rights Report – see country reports
  • Hajj Fact Sheet for Travelers
  • Best Practices for Volunteering Abroad    

LGBTQI+ Travelers:  Discrimination based on sexual orientation, gender identity, and unconventional appearance is common. See   our  LGBTQI+ Travel Information   page and section six of our  Human Rights report  for details.

Travelers with Disabilities:  Individuals with disabilities may find accessibility and accommodation very different from what they find in the United States. Buildings, public restrooms, classrooms, offices, public transportation, and other places may not be accessible.

Students:  See our  Students Abroad  page and  FBI travel tips .

Women Travelers:   Female U.S. citizens have been subject to threats, kidnappings, abuse, and extortion by their family, including loss of custody of children or forced marriage. U.S. laws do not protect U.S. citizens when they are outside of the United States. The Iraqi police and legal system may offer little protection.  See our travel tips for  Women Travelers . 

Basic, modern medical care and medicines are not widely available in Iraq and do not meet U.S. standards. A limited number of companies facilitate medical evacuations. Blood banks exist in Iraq, though the blood supply may not be sufficient in the event of an emergency and likely has not been tested under U.S. standards for infectious disease. There is limited mental health or psychiatric care in Iraq.

For ambulance services dial 122. Ambulance services are not present throughout the country or are unreliable in most areas. They are not staffed with trained paramedics and often have little or no medical equipment.

We do not pay medical bills.  Be aware that U.S. Medicare/Medicaid does not apply overseas. Most hospitals and doctors overseas do not accept U.S. health insurance.

Medical Insurance:  Make sure your health insurance plan provides coverage overseas.  Most care providers overseas only accept cash payments.  See our webpage for more  information on insurance providers for overseas coverage .  Visit the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for more information on type of insurance you should consider before you travel overseas.

We strongly recommend  supplemental insurance  to cover medical evacuation.

Always carry your prescription medication in the original packaging along with your doctor’s prescription.

Vaccinations:  Be up-to-date on all  vaccinations recommended by  the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Further Health Information:

  • World Health Organization
  • U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention  (CDC)

Prevalent Diseases:

  • Tuberculosis
  • Food-borne illnesses

Water Quality: In many areas, tap water is not safe to drink. Bottled water and beverages are generally safe, although you should be aware that many restaurants and hotels serve tap water unless bottled water is specifically requested. Be aware that ice for drinks may be made using tap water.

Air Quality

Air pollution is a significant problem in several major cities in Iraq. Seasonal smog and heavy particulate pollution may be especially harmful to the following people:  

  • Infants, children, and teens
  • People over 65 years of age
  • People with lung disease, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema
  • People with heart disease or diabetes
  • People who work or are active outdoors

Travel and Transportation

Road Conditions and Safety:  Vehicular travel in Iraq can be extremely dangerous. There have been attacks on civilian vehicles and on Iraqi military and security convoys on roads and highways throughout Iraq, both in and outside metropolitan areas. Attacks can occur at any time, night or day, and have involved small arms fire and Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs) capable of destroying vehicles.

Traffic Laws:  Drivers usually do not yield to pedestrians at crosswalks and ignore traffic lights (if available), traffic rules, and regulations. Jaywalking is common. Roads are congested. Some cars do not use lights at night and urban streetlights may not be functioning. Some motorists drive at excessive speeds, tailgate, and force other drivers to yield the right of way.

Iraq has many government checkpoints scattered throughout the country. New ones may be placed randomly, particularly after terrorist attacks. It can take a long time to navigate them in crowded traffic, and some may shut down altogether at certain hours. Drivers should have car registration and ID documents available and should be very patient and polite.

Public Transportation:  Buses run irregularly and frequently change routes. City transit vehicles are often poorly maintained and can be involved in accidents. Long-distance buses are available but are often in poor condition and drive at unsafe speeds.

See our  Road Safety page  for more information.

Aviation Safety Oversight:  As there is no direct commercial air service to the United States by carriers registered in Iraq, the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has not assessed the Government of Iraq’s Civil Aviation Authority for compliance with International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) aviation safety standards. Further information may be found on the  FAA’s safety assessment page .

Because of the risks to civil aviation in the vicinity of Iraq, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has issued a Special Federal Aviation Regulation (SFAR) that prohibits U.S. operators and codeshare flights from operating in Iraqi airspace below 32,000 feet. For more information, U.S. citizens should consult the  Federal Aviation Administration's Prohibitions, Restrictions, and Notices .

Maritime Travel:  Mariners planning travel to Iraq should also check for  U.S. maritime advisories and alerts . Information may also be posted to the  U.S. Coast Guard Homeport  and the  NGA Broadcast Warnings  website. 

For additional travel information

  • Enroll in the  Smart Traveler Enrollment Program (STEP)  to receive security messages and make it easier to locate you in an emergency.
  • Call us in Washington, D.C. at 1-888-407-4747 (toll-free in the United States and Canada) or 1-202-501-4444 (from all other countries) from 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m., Eastern Standard Time, Monday through Friday (except U.S. federal holidays).
  • See the  State Department’s travel website  for the  Worldwide Caution  and  Travel Advisories .
  • Follow us on  Twitter  and  Facebook .
  • See  traveling safely abroad  for useful travel tips.

Review information about International Parental Child Abduction in Iraq . For additional IPCA-related information, please see the International Child Abduction Prevention and Return Act ( ICAPRA ) report. 

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Everything You NEED to Know Before Visiting Iraq (+ Iraq Travel Tips)

This post may contain affiliate links. This just means I may receive a small commission at no extra cost to you for helping them promote their product or service. I don’t endorse any services I don’t personally use or recommend.

Let’s be honest. If you’re an experienced traveler you could conceivably wing every single trip and there’s not a ton you NEED to know before you go. But Iraq is a little different. Unless you want to spend a fortune, miss out on visiting certain historical sights, and suffer A LOT of mishaps along the way. There’s quite a bit you actually do need to know before you go to Iraq.

This blog post is going to be your lifeline in Iraq. Unlike us, you won’t have to learn things the hard way. I’m giving you all my Iraq travel tips and honest advice to help you enjoy your time in the country.

As of April 2022, you do not need to take a PCR test if you are vaccinated against COVID-19.

Visa on Arrival in Iraq

Good News! If you’re an American, Canadian, UK citizen, Australian, Swiss, Russian, Chinese, a New Zealander, South Korean, Japanese, or from an EU country you now qualify for visa on arrival as of 2021!

The cost is officially $77 cold hard cash. But it fluctuates between $75 and $80 depending on the officer.

Iraq operates on both the Iraqi Dinar + the US Dollar. At the airport, you will present your money + passport to the officer to the right of the customs line. He will collect everyone’s documents and then pass them out after he has stamped the visa inside.

50,000 Iraqi Dinar. Iraq travel tips.

Getting from the Airport to Baghdad: Unfortunately, due to security risks, only one kind of shuttle taxi is allowed to pick up from the airport. No Careem/Uber allowed. This means you’ll want to make some friends on your flight. It’s cheapest to split a taxi together into Baghdad since they charge 35,000-45,000 IQD ($23-$30) per vehicle. If you arrive in the daytime (most flights arrive at night) you can also opt to take the airport shuttle to Abbas Ibn Firnas Square for only 8,000 IQD ($5). Be sure to check out my detailed budget travel guide to Iraq if you’re interested in more money-saving tips.

You Must Arrive in Baghdad!

I repeat. If you plan to visit the country of Iraq as a whole (including Iraqi Kurdistan) you must arrive in Baghdad. This is because there are technically two visas in Iraq. The one valid for the entire country that you can only get in Baghdad. Or the one valid for just Iraqi Kurdistan that you will receive if you arrive in Erbil or overland via Turkey. If you get the wrong visa your entire trip through Federal Iraq is kaput. You can leave through whichever land or airport you want. We entered Baghdad + left through Erbil.

Best Time of Year to Visit

Typically, I’m a big proponent of shoulder season to avoid the peak prices + crowds. We visited Turkey’s Turquoise Coast in Spring rather than when the beaches would be jam-packed in Summer. But Iraq simply does not have crowds of tourists.

We visited one of the oldest and most famous historical sites in the country…and were the only people there. For hours.

It’s far more important to visit based on weather conditions and avoid major Muslim holidays.

Do not visit during Ramadan + Eid.

It becomes nearly impossible to find food during the day while people are fasting, you’ll battle crowds of worshippers at the holiest shrines, + be denied entry entirely to some mosques.

crowds inside a mosque during Eid

Do not visit during summer (Late June – Early September) .

Federal Iraq is a desert. Even in May, there were days that the temps reached over 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Sandstorms have become increasingly more common during the summer months as well.

Do not visit during the dead of winter (November- Early March) .

Iraqi Kurdistan however is a mountainous landscape with snow-capped peaks well into the summer. If you plan on doing a Kurdistan road trip (which you 100% should) I would avoid the rain + potential snow of winter.

This pretty much leaves Late March – Early June (minus Ramadan) + September – November. It’s a small window. I highly recommend the months of April, May, September, + October.

How Long Should You Visit Iraq?

As long as possible. I had just under 3 weeks in the country. My friend Raman spent more than 3 months.

The perfect relaxed itinerary can be done in just over 2 weeks with proper planning.

But if you have the time (and money) I recommend you stay longer. Iraqi people are absolutely wonderful. You’ll be invited to dinner, to sight-see, and make some genuine friends if you have the time and flexibility in your plans to accept their invitations.

Join the Iraqi Traveller’s Cafe Facebook Group before you go. It’s filled with locals and travelers looking to connect in the country and offer travel advice. It’s the best on-the-ground travel info as well. This is a great resource if you are traveling solo.

Weather can quickly derail all the best-laid plans. Sandstorms make it impossible to leave your hotel for a day or two. It’s best to have a little longer in the country so that you can prepare for at least one delay due to inclement weather.

Iraq Travel Tips for Safety

I am an American woman + I managed to travel throughout Iraq without a hitch. I was traveling with my male partner, however.

That’s not to say it’s not “safe” for a solo female. If you’re experienced enough.

The ziggurat of Ur.

I’m not going to deep dive into all the safety precautions you should take in Iraq here because I wrote an entire guide on safety in Iraq.

Do You Need a Tour Guide?

NEED one? No.

But there were several times during our trip that we chose to work with Bilweekend and did not regret it. Overall, we enjoy independently traveling always. But Iraq has some destinations that are not accessible without a guide. Not “difficult” to access. The roadblocks simply will not let you through. So, it’s worth considering if you’re interested in seeing everything the country has to offer.

Here are the destinations you need a certified guide like Bilweekend to explore…

  • Al-Nuri Mosque in Mosul.
  • Our Lady of Salvation Syriac Catholic cathedral in Mosul.
  • Anywhere else far off the beaten path.

Iraq travel tips. Streets of mosul.

You will also need a guide if you plan on visiting the Iraqi Mesopotamian Marshes overnight .

Here are a few other instances it could be helpful to have a guide…

  • As a solo female traveler. Iraq is a difficult destination for women. And it’s not the norm to have women wandering around alone. I don’t recommend Iraq for solo female travel unless you are very confident in your travel abilities.
  • When visiting the holy city of Karbala. I’m accustomed to typical mosque etiquette. But this shrine takes it to a whole new level. Fortunately, I was hanging out with one of the Bilweekend guides that night and he instructed me on exactly how to enter the mosque. Seriously…I would not have made it in on my own. It was Eid + absolute madness.
  • If you love history! Iraq has as much ancient history as Egypt. It does not however have information readily available for tourists at the sites themselves. Without a guide, you’ll be wandering ruins with no context.

My professional recommendation: If you are ready to visit Iraq, don’t do a full tour. Instead, reach out to Bilweekend (or a friend in Iraqi Travellers Cafe ) and plan short day trips together. This will give you access to exclusive sights while still maintaining your independence.

Where to Get a SIM Card in Iraq

The airport.

Having a SIM card in Iraq is obviously not mandatory but it is exceptionally helpful.

The moment you arrive I suggest getting an Iraqi SIM card. We looked high + low in Baghdad and were never able to locate where you can actually purchase a SIM card + not just the data refill in the city. If you’re in a pickle like us, your hotel can suggest a place.

We did manage to get one on the street in Erbil once we reached Iraqi Kurdistan. It cost us about $20 including 5 GB of data. So, we can confirm that you can manage travel in Federal Iraq without a SIM card. All our hotels had at least decent WiFi.

Currency in Iraq

This is the single most important thing you need to know.

ATMs in Iraq will not work with US banks. BRING ALL YOU NEED IN CASH.

I brought over $2,000 cash with me. I recommend you bring $100 per day you plan to be in the country. You probably won’t use all of it, but this way you won’t have to worry about running out.

standing in the Mesopotamian marshes. Iraq travel tips

If you’re not from the US, there are mixed results on whether ATMs will work for you or not. I recommend bringing cash.

As I mentioned before Iraqi Dinar and USD are used interchangeably in Iraq. This means you can pay in USD and get your change in Dinar.

$1 = 1,500 IQD

Changing Currency in Iraq

If you’re looking to exchange some currency, however, just hit up one of the small streetside stands with photos of money on them. They look sketchy but it’s 100% legit. And if you’re exchanging US to IQD you’ll get an even better rate than the proper exchange. You’ll MAKE money while exchanging it.

This killer rate is only available with USD though. If you are from Europe or Canada I would try to arrive with USD instead.

Apps You Must Have in Iraq

Let’s prep your phone. These are the essential apps you should download to make your stay in Iraq easier.

  • WhatsApp. You will talk with all your guides, friends, and hotels here.
  • Maps.Me. Your best offline map.
  • Careem. The Iraqi Uber.
  • ArabiCalc . Arabic numbers are not like English ones. This will help you decipher the prices of things.
  • Google Translate. Offline or online translation. English is not widely spoken.

Where to Visit in Iraq

Where is safe to visit? What are the can’t miss sights in Iraq? My personal favorite destinations?

You’ll have to pop on over to my complete Iraq itinerary post to find out.

Golden mosque in Karbala. Iraq travel tips.

Federal Iraq vs Iraqi Kurdistan

If you’re planning a trip to Iraq you’ve probably come across these words before. But what exactly is Iraqi Kurdistan?

Iraqi Kurdistan is the northern-most region of Iraq populated by an ethnic minority known as the Kurds. The Kurds inhabit regions of Turkey, Iran, and Syria as well. Legally speaking, Iraqi Kurdistan is a part of Iraq. When you get your Iraqi Visa (in Baghdad) it allows you to enter and travel throughout Iraqi Kurdistan as well.

Kurdistan is a little different than “Federal Iraq” or the Southern area of Iraq. The landscape is mountainous and lush with wildflowers and farming fields, for starters. Rather than barren desert sand. The people are a mix of Christian, Muslim, and Yazidi. The food is a little different too. The local government has much more autonomy over their region’s laws than would be typically allowed. The roads, therefore, are better maintained and the people of Kurdistan have a generally safer existence.

Iraqi Kurdistan travel tips

This means Kurdistan is safer for travelers as well.

I think that you should (+ can) easily visit both regions of Iraq during your visit to the country.

Tips for Traveling In Iraq

All the basic travel rules apply here. Haggle for the best prices, eat the street food, and follow the crowds for the best meals. But there are a few things that are unique to travel in Iraq you should know about.

  • Always ask the price ahead of time. Hotel rooms, taxis, food, tea, etc.
  • Tea is served with a mountain of sugar sitting at the bottom. Stir to your level of sweetness or simply ask for no sugar when you order.
  • Most meals have tea included.
  • Water, however, if served in a bottle is not free. If you drink it, it will be on the bill at the end.
  • There are occasional power outages. Usually, they are quick. No more than 10 minutes or so.
  • Public transportation is in either shared taxis that leave when full (small cars or 4×4 SUVs) or minibusses with no A/C.
  • Friday + Saturday are the weekends in Iraq.
  • Most tourist sights close by 3 PM. You should do all your monuments and historical sights in the morning if possible.
  • Markets however are thriving at night. Be sure to check out the Book Market at Al-Mutanabi street in Baghdad.
  • Nighttime is when the cities come alive. Mosques are just as busy at 3 AM as they are at 6 PM. Get used to late nights.
  • Alcohol is legal in Iraq + you’ll even find a few bars in Christian neighborhoods.
  • Every time you leave your hotel you NEED to bring your passport.
  • The situation in Iraq is always fluid. This means during your time in the country a destination may suddenly become off-limits.
  • As a woman, you need a headscarf. You also should dress very modestly and choose loose fabrics.
  • While many sights are free, most historical sights charge a $17 entrance fee. Babylon + the Ziggurat of Ur are two of them.

Military/Police Roads Blocks + Checkpoints

There are heavily armed and secured roadblocks everywhere. This is why you need your passport on you at all times. Sometimes you’ll encounter them simply walking around a city. When we were walking to dinner in Baghdad at night we were stopped twice by various military and police personnel and had to show our documents.

entering the gates of babylon. Iraq travel tips

They are checking for valid visas and making sure the country remains a secure place to visit. It’s nothing to be concerned about.

It helps to always have a destination in mind to tell them because they often ask where you are going.

These roadblocks also mean that you will never accidentally enter a city you aren’t allowed to be in or visit an unsafe destination. They will turn you around if you are going somewhere not allowed.

Taarof. What is it + How to Navigate it?

This is one of the most interesting cultural customs in Iraq (+ Iran). Basically, it goes like this…

I order a juice (or ride in a taxi, try to buy a souvenir or a falafel sandwich), the salesman gives me my juice and when I try to pay… he gently shakes his head and says it’s free.

This is Taarof.

But the juice isn’t really free. I should pay for my juice. I insist on paying + we banter back and forth a few times with one of us (usually the salesman) giving in.

Occasionally, they will genuinely mean it and insist on you taking your good or service for free. But it’s Iraqi custom to argue it. For at least a little bit. It’s an artform figuring out who really wants you to take the gift and who is just being polite because you’re a guest in the country.

It’s baffling really.

During our time in Iraq, we got free tea, juice, and even a free taxi ride or two. But we also paid for many things they tried to offer us for free and won the politeness argument.

Where to Stay in Iraq

Hotels in Iraq aren’t cheap. We paid about $25 per night on average for two people. Our most expensive was $40 in Baghdad and our least expensive was $17 in Soran. You can see all the places we stayed and recommend in our complete Iraq itinerary .

*Important* Book This Hotel For Arrival

Bilitom Hotel.

Technically speaking, when you arrive in Iraq you are supposed to show a confirmed booking at one of 10 approved tourist hotels.

These hotels are all-around $100 or more per night and have horrible reviews. My customs officer did not ask for proof of booking but I know people who were forced to show proof or pay a $50 airport “booking fee”.

Fortunately, Bilitom Hotel allows anytime cancelation when you book on Booking.com. You can book ahead of time, show confirmation at the airport, and then cancel even on the day of the reservation.

Confirm this on your own booking.com account because obviously, things change. But at the time of writing, Bilitom still allows anytime cancellation and is one of the approved hotels by the Iraqi government.

What you need to know about hotels in Iraq

  • If you are traveling as a male/female couple you should always say you are married. Otherwise, some hotels may deny you a room together. You should not be asked to present your marriage certificate unless you are Iraqi.
  • Most hotels have a squat toilet.
  • Rooms are acceptable for the price. Usually, they come with a free buffet breakfast. But often are a little dingy, dirty, and smell of cigarettes.
  • Room prices are NEGOTIABLE. In some places, just saying you are a member of the Iraqi Travellers Cafe will get you a half-price room. You should expect to spend $17-$40 per night for a two-person room. Single rooms can be about half that. I often felt I was getting quoted a higher price as an American.
  • There is only one hostel in all of Iraq. Dolphin Hostel in Sulaymaniyah.
  • Be sure to ask specifically for their cheapest room if that’s what you want. Several times, they gave us a “family room” because it was big and had a living room included…when we definitely did not need a living room and would have been far happier paying less for a simple bedroom.

Getting Around Iraq

When traveling within a major city like Baghdad you should always use the Careem app. Or walk. Taxis, just like everywhere else in the world are out to overcharge you.

tips for car rental in iraqi kurdistan

There are three ways to travel between cities. You can find all three transport options in the cities Karage or Garaage. For example, if you are in Baghdad trying to get to Karbala, just ask for the Karbala Garage.

Private Taxi.

This is the most expensive option unless you are a group of 3 or more. The benefit to a private taxi is you can leave when you want to and they drop you off at your desired destination so you don’t have to risk purchasing an additional Careem.

Shared Taxi.

If you are a group of 2 or less, this is much cheaper than the full taxi as you will only pay for your seat. Unfortunately, this means you have to wait until the taxi is full and they drop you off at a communal location which usually means you’ll have to book another Careem once you arrive.

This is the cheapest and my personal favorite option. There is no A/C, just open windows, and you’ll have to wait until the van is full.

Public Transport Routes + Prices for Federal Iraq

Let’s take a look at common routes and what they might cost you. Just so you can have a ballpark idea when you arrive to haggle.

Baghdad to Samarra: 15k IQD or $10

Baghdad to Mosul: 25k IQD or $16

Baghdad to Babylon: 10k IQD or $6.50

Baghdad to Basra: Train is available Thurs-Sat only

Karbala to Babylon (Hillah): 6k IQD or $4 + 5k taxi.

Karbala to Najaf: 6k IQD or $4

Karbala to Nasiriyah: 18k or $12

Map of Iraq. Iraq Travel Tips.

These are your federal Iraq destinations. I highly recommend once you arrive in Iraqi Kurdistan (Mosul to Erbil) rent a car. I’ll outline everything you need to know about renting a car in Iraq below. The public transport from Mosul to Erbil should cost you around 5k IQD ($3.50) per person.

Where to Rent a Car in Iraqi Kurdistan

Kurdistan was one of my favorite road trips we have ever taken. We’ve driven the Ring Road in Iceland. We’ve spent a month driving through the Baja Mexico desert. We also spent a full year living in a campervan and visiting over 40 US National Parks.

Read my full Iraqi Kurdistan Road Trip Guide here . It’s filled with Iraq travel tips specifically for the Kurdistan region.

But here are the details you need to know.

  • You don’t need an international driver’s license. Just your home country’s license.
  • You do need to bring your passport. Which meant you CAN NOT rent from Hertz who will insist they keep it as collateral.
  • Rent from Ace Car Rental in Erbil instead. It’s cheaper.
  • You don’t need a 4 x 4. The roads are nearly all paved and all are well maintained.
  • I recommend staying out of Erbil and Sulaymaniyah with the car as much as possible. Cities are always more confusing to drive in.

Iraq Travel Tips About Food

You’re probably going to get real tired of bread, meat, and falafel. Date syrup + fresh-made tahini were some of the only foods I could still enjoy after my time in the country.

dfat travel advice iraq

The cuisine doesn’t have a ton of variety but what you do get is phenomenal.

Here are a few things you should note…

  • They use a ton of oil in their food. This often leads to an upset stomach. Bring some Pepto, Tums, and drink the salty yogurt they give you with many meals.
  • Vegans + Vegetarians are gonna have a hard time. Meat + dairy are huge staples in Iraqi cuisine. The areas that don’t a lot of “meat” do a lot of fish. You’ll end up eating pretty much only falafel.
  • Street food is safe + cheap.
  • Not a single restaurant we visited had an English menu. The best method was to point at dishes other people are eating.
  • Fresh pressed juice is an Iraqi favorite. Be sure to get the lime juice, apricot, and raisin during your time in Iraq.

How Much Does it Cost to Travel in Iraq?

As I already hinted at, Iraq is not the most budget-friendly destination.

In total, my partner and I spent 16 days in the country spending $1,134.82.

Not the worst. This averages out to $70.93 per day with about $23 of that going straight to accommodation. Transport in Iraq varied in cost greatly. But a typical journey between cities costs $5-15 per person. We paid for a few historical entrance fees and an overnight spent in the marshes sets you back around $125 (But it’s totally worth it- read about our experience here).

Food in Iraq also varies in cost. Street food was a bargain typically $1-$2 per meal. Restaurants charged closer to $10 per person typically.

Overall, I would say that budgeting $60 per person per day will be more than enough. We managed to sneak in at $35-ish but better safe than sorry.

I loved getting to know this country. The Iraqi people were some of the most gregarious and giving people we’ve encountered on our travels. I was blown away by mountain and desert landscapes. The bread I consumed is the favorite I’ve ever eaten. I hope this post helps you experience the real Iraq and enjoy your time in this wonderful country. As always feel free to reach out on Instagram if you have any questions.

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dfat travel advice iraq

Further Reading...

dfat travel advice iraq

The Best Iraq Travel Itinerary for 2024 (Map included)

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13 Beautiful + Famous Places in Iraq You MUST Visit

dfat travel advice iraq

Guns, Methane Marshes, & Abou Haidar: Our Night Spent in the Heart of Ancient Mesopotamia

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Guns, Methane Marshes, & Abou Haidar: Our Night Spent in the Heart of Ancient Mesopotamia

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Geena Truman | Travel Blogger

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